Year 12 Physics – Term 2 Review 2
Physics of Fluids
1. a) Write a definition for the term Pressure and state the units of Pressure (P)
b) The tip of a sharp chisel has a surface area of 10 – 6 m 2 . Calculate the
pressure applied if a 1N Force is applied downward on the chisel.
c) Compare your answer to part b) for the Pressure applied on the ground by a
70kg person where the surface area of one shoe is 0.013m 2.
2. a) Compare and explain the terms ‘absolute pressure’ and ‘gauge pressure’ by
using a specific example in your explanation.
b) Use your response to determine the absolute pressure of care tyres inflated
to 200kPa (Atmospheric Pressure is 101.3kPa)
c) With the understanding that pressure increases with depth under water,
determine the depth required to equal atmospheric pressure under water.
3. a) State Pascal’s principle
b) Draw a diagram of a simple hydraulic apparatus where one position has
diameter 1.5cm and the other has a diameter 25cm. Label on the diagram a
downward force on the smaller piston of 100N.
c) For part b) above, calculate the Force of uplift on the larger piston and its
displacement if the smaller piston is depressed over a distance of 0.5metre.
d) Relate your response to the above calculations to the Work-Energy theorem.
4. a) Define the term Density
b) Compare the densities of a brick of volume 1800cm 3 with mass 2kg and a
foam block with the same dimensions of mass 50grams.
c) Using the concept of density, explain floatation and justify the physical
principles in the floatation hot air balloons and large ships.
d) Write a statement that would clearly define Archimedes Principle in regard
to the immersion of objects in a fluid.
e) For the Brick in part b), calculate the apparent weight of the brick if
submerged into a container of water.
5. a) Describe a simple laboratory experiment that could be performed to
determine the mass of an irregular shaped stone without using measuring
scales that could demonstrate Archimedes Principle.
b) Calculate the buoyant force and apparent weight of a 3kg iron cylinder of
radius 1.5cm when submerged in water.
c) Determine the force of upthrust on the steel rod.
6. a) Define the term Specific Gravity (SG) or relative Density
b) Calculate the SG of the brick discussed in Q4. b)
c) A plastic PVC pipe of length 50cm is shown to float vertically in water with
only 5cm of pipe visible above the water surface. Calculate the density of the
PVC