Armenia
Events leading to genocide

Ethnic tensions between Turks and
Armenians

Turks took power of Ottoman Empire

Nationalism grew to have a Turkish state

Armenia
Events of Genocide

All Armenians were given 3 days to pack up and move from Ottoman Empire

Turks forced Armenians on a march to the
Syrian desert

Denied food and water on the march

Others were murdered as well

Armenia
U.S. response

President Wilson said it was a civil war

Wanted to stay out of WWI, so he claimed neutrality

Most Americans agreed

Armenia
International Community Response

Condemned the Young Turks and said they would be held responsible

No countries took action because they were preoccupied with WWI

There were some efforts to raise money but not enough

Holocaust
Events leading to Genocide

Depression in Germany due to Treaty of
Versailles

German Nationalism increased

Blaming of Jews for the problems in Germany

Holocaust
Events of Genocide

Kristallnacht

Sent Jews to ghettos for confinement

Concentration camp- slave labor

Einzatsgruppen

Extermination camps with gas chambers

Death marches

Holocaust
U.S. response

Ignored early signs

Allowed some Jews to immigrate to U.S.

Wanted to stay neutral from the War but eventually involved in the war effort after Pearl
Harbor

Holocaust
International Community Response

Most people were too involved with the war effort to do anything

Following WWII
Displaced persons camps were set up for survivors
Created the state of Israel
Genocide convention to prevent further incidents
Nuremberg Trials were held and many defendants were sentenced to prison or death

Cambodia

Prince Sihanouk was overthrown and Khmer
Rouge took power

Khmer Rouge wanted to create a classless society

Citizens of cities were forced to the countryside to create an agrarian utopia

Cambodia

Execution, starvation, disease, overworked

Forced labor of working long days and little work

Soldiers, civil servants, elders, intellectuals were killed

Cambodia

Involvement in Vietnam war led to rise of Pol
Pot

Placed economic embargos against
Cambodia

Focused on Cold War

Cambodia

Little effort to stop the killing

Some people smuggled Cambodians to safe areas

Bosnia
Events leading to Genocide

Ethnic tensions between Serbs, Muslims,
Croats
Many died in massacres in early 1900’s

Marshal Tito in power and has stable government

Yugoslavia divided into ethnic states

Serbian nationalism rose when Milosevic came to power

Bosnia
Events of Genocide

Serbs wanted to remove Muslim and Croats from Bosnia

Used torture, gang rape, concentration camps, and massacres

Bosnia
U.S. response

With NATO launched a bombing campaign against Serbian army

Helped them to sign Dayton peace agreement

Kept UN peacekeepers in Bosnia through
1999

Bosnia
International community response

Denied genocide was happening but set up 6 safe zones
Used troops and prohibited Serbian forces to fly over
Ineffective at stopping genocide
Serbs eventually took over the areas because UN forces left

Milosevic was tried for crimes against humanity

Rwanda
Events leading to Genocide





Tensions between the Hutus and Tutsis
Tutsi had most of power but were smaller % of population
Received privileges from Belgium
Civil war in 1959
Hutu president in Burudi was killed
Rwanda president and 2 nd Burundi president were killed
More massacres took place

Rwanda
Events of Genocide

Interhamwe(Hutu) attacked Tutsi with machetes and clubs

Radio announcements were made to say that all Tutsi needed to be killed

Attacked at churches, schools, etc

Rwanda
U.S. response


Disregarded warnings
Refused to define as “genocide”
Did this so they did not have to intervene

Rwanda
International Response

Condemned violence

Refused to intervene
Called “ancient ethnic hatred”

UN peacekeepers were sent to Rwanda after massacres ended
Stayed until 1996