3D Plants Modeling
Reporter: Zeng Lanling
Sep. 17,2008
Floral Diagrams and Inflorescences: Interactive Flower Modeling Using
Botanical Structural Constraints
Takashi Ijiri (The University of Tokyo), Shigeru Owada (The University
of Tokyo and Sony CSL), Makoto Okabe, (The University of Tokyo),
Takeo Igarashi (The University of Tokyo and JST/PRESTO) siggraph20
05
Seamless Integration of Initial Sketching and Subsequent Detail
Editing in Flower Modeling
Takashi Ijiri (The University of Tokyo), Shigeru Owada (The University
of Tokyo and Sony CSL), Takeo Igarashi (The University of Tokyo and
JST/PRESTO) Eurographics2006
Inhibition Fields for Phyllotactic Pattern Formation: a Simulation Study
Richard S. Smith (Univercity of Calgery), Cirs Kuhlemeler (University
of Bern), Przemyslaw prusikiewicz (Univercity of Calgery) 2006 NRC
Canada
Floral diagrams and
inflorescences : Interactive
flower modeling using botanical
structural constraints
Takashi Ijiri
(The University of Tokyo)
Shigeru Owada
(Sony CS Laboratories Inc.)
Makoto Okabe
(The University of Tokyo)
Takeo Igarashi
(The University of Tokyo, PRESTO/JST)
Contribution
• Interaction techniques
– A specific system to model flowers quickly and easily
– Provide structural information of flowers developed by
botanists : floral diagrams & inflorescences
• Separating structural editing and geometry editing
– Provide sketching interfaces for user convenience
Notions
• Floral diagram
– An iconic description of a flower’s structural
characteristics
– To design individual flowers
• Inflorescence
– A branch with multiple flowers and its branching
pattern represented in a pictorial form
– To design many flowers
Notions
Floral diagram
Inflorescence
Floral Diagram
Pi : pistil : 雌蕊
St : stamen : 雄蕊
Pe : petal : 花瓣
O : ovary :子房
Se : sepal : 萼片
Bra : bract : 苞叶
R : floral receptacle : 花托
A : axis
Up : petal connate to petal :
Sp : sepal adnate to stamen :
Inflorescence
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)
• Indeterminate : lower ones bloom first and higher ones follow
– (A) raceme(总状花序), (B) corymb（伞状花序）
• Determinate : top or central first, lower or lateral follow
– (C) dichasium（二歧聚伞花序）, (D) drepanium（镰状聚伞花序）
• Compound : mixture
– (E) compounded raceme
Overview
Floral Diagram Editor
(a) Edior
(b) Brassica Rapa
(c) Ranunculus acris
Floral Component Edit
sketch to transform along
3D model
center vein
global
transform
local
transform
Inflorescence Editor
Result
I
Result
II
Result
III
Result
IV
Seamless Integration of Initial
Sketching and Subsequent Detail
Editing in Flower Modeling
Takashi Ijiri
(The University of Tokyo)
Shigeru Owada
(Sony CS Laboratories Inc.)
Takeo Igarashi
(The University of Tokyo, PRESTO/JST)
Overview of the modeling process
Initial sketch as hierarchical billboards
Component representation
Main edit window and an overview window
Construction of an initial sketch
Transformation of the sketch into a 3D model
• One is to create a new 3D component on the
billboard.
• The other method reuse existing 3D components
from the component library.
Creating a new components
If the billboard type is a branch, when the user presses“create 3D c
omponent” button, the system generates a generalized cylinder alo
ng the skeleton of the billboard. The user then specifies its radius,
color, and texture using standard GUIs.
Creating a new components
Construction of a leaf. (a) A billboard is transformed into a leaf. (b)
The system presents a curved blue canvas. (c) On which the user
creates a leaf by drawing two outlines . (d) The user can also modify t
he shape by drawing
modifying strokes (d).
Creating a new components
Construction of a flower. (a) A billboard is transformed into a
f
lower. (b) The system generates a floral receptacle and presents it
s diagram (c). The user then creates billboards or 3D components
and arranges them on the receptacle (d), (e).
Reusing a 3D component
Billboard replacement. The user clicks to select a component (a) and
target billboards (b). The system then replaces billboards with the
specified component (c). Users may also double-click to select all sibl
ing billboards (d).
Reusing a 3D component
Placing 3D components. The user selects a source (a) from the
library and draws a skeleton stroke (b). The system then places the
object (c). Examples of more complicated objects are shown in (d)
and (e).
Reusing a 3D component
Fitting a leaf object to the target skeleton
Skeleton-based deformation of 3D components
Skeleton-based deformation. The user draws the stroke shown
in red (a) and then the system deforms the target stem (b) so
that the stem’s skeleton fits the stroke on the screen (c).
Skeleton-based deformation of 3D components
Fitting the skeleton to the user-drawn stroke
Result
Result
Inhibition Fields for Phyllotactic
Pattern Formation: a Simulation
Study
Richard S. Smith
(The University of Calgary)
Ris Kuhlemeier
(The University of Berne)
Przemyslaw Prusinkiewicz
(The University of Calgary)
Main idea
The postulate that existing primordia
inhibit the formation of new primordia
nearby.
Objective
• The model can generate a wide variety of
phyllotactic patterns
• Patterns can start in an empty peripheral zone or
from one or two cotyledons
• The model can capture transitions in phyllotaxis,
such as the often-observed transition from
decussate to spiral patterns
• The patterns can be initiated an propagated in a
robust manner
Phyllotactic patterns
Model
Model
Diagram of inhibition
Diagram of inhibition
Inhibition threshold
Inhibition threshold
Inhibition threshold(128)
Example(Arabidopsis)
Two inhibition functions
Two inhibition functions
Other method
Other method
Other method
Thank you!