Year 10
Child Development
Lesson 7 ~
Reproduction
Lesson Objectives
• During this lesson you will understand the structure
and function of the male and female reproductive
organ
• During this lesson you will learn about the menstrual
cycle and the functions of hormones
• During this lesson you will understand how
fertilisation and conception occurs and the
development of the embryo and foetus.
• During this lesson you will understand the baby’s
support system including the placenta, amniotic sac
and fluid, cervix, umbilical cord and uterus.
Reproduction
The following video clip describes reproduction,
hormones, puberty, development of the foetus
and the babies support system.
The video clip will last approx 20 minutes,
please take notes as this will assist you
throughout the rest of this topic.
The female reproductive organ
Draw and label the
diagram, writing an
explanation to the
function of each part.
Funnel
Ovum
The Menstrual Cycle
The function of the menstrual cycle is to release an egg and prepare the
uterus to receive it if it’s fertilised. The cycle can vary enormously from person
to person and month to month due to factors such as stress, diet, health, age,
etc.
The male reproductive organ
Seminal
Vesicle
Foreskin
Epididymus
Producing and releasing sperm
• Sperm is produced by the testes and
stored in the epididymis.
• At ejaculation, sperm is released and
rushes through the ducts.
• As it passes along the tube, the prostate
gland and the seminal vesicles release
seminal fluid, which nourishes the sperm
• The mixture of sperm and seminal fluid is
a milky white fluid called semen
Producing and releasing sperm
testes
• Sperm is produced by the _______
and
stored in the epididymis.
sperm is released and
• At ejaculation, _____
rushes through the ducts.
• As it passes along the tube, the prostate
vesicles
gland and the seminal _______
release
seminal fluid, which nourishes the sperm
• The mixture of sperm and seminal fluid is
semen
a milky white fluid called _______.
semen, sperm, testes, vesicles,
Hormones
• The period of change from childhood to adulthood is
called puberty.
• During puberty hormones (chemical messengers) are
produced from endocrine glands whose job it is to signal
changes within the body that transform a person from a
child to an adult.
• The hormone that triggers the male sex organs is
testosterone.
• The hormone that triggers a female sex organ is
oestrogen.
• Progesterone works in conjunction with oestrogen to
control the menstrual cycle. It is also the pregnancy
hormone.
Male or Female?
Reproductive System
Conception
• In order to become pregnant an egg must
be fertilised by sperm.
• When sperm is ejaculated from the penis it
swims towards the cervix, through the
fallopian tube until they meet an egg.
• The sperm then fertilises the egg
(CONCEPTION)
Ovulation and Fertilisation
• In the female, one of the ovaries produces an
egg every 28 days. This is called ovulation.
• During sexual intercourse millions of sperm are
ejaculated into the vagina.
• If a sperm meets the egg, the sperm’s nucleus
can join with the egg’s nucleus.
• This fusing of the nuclei is called fertilization.
Conception
Task:
Explain
conceptio
n using
diagrams
and
labels.
Use page
13 to help
you
Task
• Explain conception using diagrams and
labels. Use page 13 (Judi Sunderland) to
help you
Conception explained
• http://www.howstuffworks.com/pregnancy.
htm/printable
• Click on the link and watch the video ~
ultimate guide to pregnancy: month one
Length of Pregnancy
•
•
•
•
Pregnancy is divided in to three trimesters
1-3 months
4-6 months
7-9 months
A 6 weeks…..
• There is initial
development of legs,
brain, spine, internal
organs, blood, bone,
muscles, ears and
eye's
• The embryo’s heart is
beating
• The actual size is 46mm (size of a grain
of rice)
At 8 weeks
• The foetus looks more
human
• The arms, legs,
shoulders, ears and eyes
can be seen
• The foetus moves in the
amniotic sac
• The heartbeat is visible
on a scan
• The foetus is
approximately 2.2 com
long
At 12 weeks the foetus…..
• Is fully formed
• Swims by kicking
• Can swallow, clench
fist, hiccup, suck it’s
thumb
• Has well developed
sex organs
• Is sensitive to light,
heat and sound
• Has it’s eye’s closed
• Length is about 6cm
Your first photo?
Your first photograph was probably taken when you were
10-12 weeks old.
You already looked
human and you
were about to
start gaining mass
faster than you
ever will again.
Your head diameter was measured to check your age
and make sure you were growing properly.
At 24 weeks…….
• Weighs approx 700g
(1.5lb)
• Has hair, wrinkled skin,
fingernails and
fingerprints
• Is covered with vernix (a
white greasy substance,
which protects the skin
and keeps it waterproof)
and languo ( fine hair that
keeps it warm
• Is active, with definite
periods of waking and
sleeping
After 24 weeks ……
• The baby grows and gets
stronger
• If it was born it would now
be viable (have a
reasonable chance of
surviving)
• This is because it’s
development, except for
the lungs, is complete
• If it was born now it would
need special care in a
neonatal intensive care
unit (NICU) or special
care baby unit (SCBU)
By 32-36 weeks……..
• The baby is usually
lying head
downwards.
• This is called the
cephalic (foetal)
position
Ready to be born 38-40 weeks
• http://www.howstuffworks.com/pregnancy.
htm/printable
• Click on the link and scroll down the page
to watch the short video on preparing for
birth
The babies support system
• Find out what each of
the following are and
do for the baby, use
the next slide to help
you draw out the
diagram
Uterus wall
Amniotic sac
Cervical mucus
cervix
Amniotic fluid
Umbilical cord
Placenta
Draw out the diagram and explain what each one is/for
Home work
• Design a fact sheet that instructs a year 7
child about puberty. Give advice on
periods, what to expect, what can be used,
activities that you may still do. Etc
• Include a problem page.