.

Sperm
Penis
Vas deferens
Facial hair
Testicles scrotum
Emotions
Breasts
Urethra
Deeper voice
Testosterone
Muscles
Pubic hair
Acne sweat
Fallopian tubes
Period
Egg
Cervix
Ovulation
Cervix
Estrogen
Uterus
Menstruation
Vagina progesterone

1. Appropriate and mature behavior/comments are expected.
2. Anatomical terms will be used.
3. Questions that might involve values or ethics, will not be answered, but will be referred home.
4. Personal stories should not include individual names.

What is the purpose of the reproductive system????
It is a group of organs that make possible the production of offspring.
A new human life results from the union of two specialized cells, one from a male and the other from a female.

Reproduction:
The process of producing a new human.
Fertilization:
The process by which a sperm and an egg and their genetic materials join to create a new human life.
Sperm:
Sex cells that are produced by the testes and is needed to fertilize an egg.
Eggs (ova):
Sex cells that are produced by the ovaries that can be fertilized by sperm.

What does the male reproductive system do?
It works to produce sperm and deliver it to the female reproductive system.
Let’s look closer.

Label your diagram.

The skin covered sac that hangs from the body, below the penis. It holds the testes and epididymis.
− Small muscles in the scrotum move the testes closer or farther from the body to help regulate temperature of sperm (if too hot they can become defective).
− Optimal temperature is about 96 degrees.

The male reproductive organs that make
1. sperm
2. the male hormone testosterone
- Two testes rest in the scrotum (the scrotum is the skincovered sac that hangs from the body)
- Starting a puberty, several hundred million sperm each day is produced

The bladder stores the urine which is produced by the kidneys.

The male reproductive organ that removes urine from the male’s body and that can deliver sperm to the female reproductive system.
• Made of soft tissue and blood vessels
• During sexual activity, it becomes erect or firm
• Ejaculation - occurs when sperm are released from the penis after sexual excitement
• Foreskin – a sheath of skin that covers the tip of the penis
• Urethra is located here

• It is a tightly coiled tube where sperm mature and are stored.
• A long, muscular tube
• It transports mature sperm to the urethra in preparations for ejaculation.

• A gland in males that adds fluids that nourish and protect sperm from the acid in the female reproductive system
• Is a tube that passes through the penis. It carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body.
• Sperm leave the body during ejaculation from this tube

 Produce thick secretions that nourish the sperm and help sperm move easier
 Found the base of the urinary bladder
(Not on your notes)
A mixture of sperm and other secretions from the male reproductive organ.
(65% fluid is produced by the seminal vesicles, 30% by the prostate, 5% from the testicles and epididymis)

( last page of notes )
Males can experience both minor and serious problems with their reproductive systems: o Inguinal hernia may happen after heavy lifting o Sterilitynot producing enough healthy sperm to have kids o Enlarged prostate gland associated with aging o STI’s -
Infections spread by sexual contact o Cancer can affect testicles, prostate, other male reproductive organs

Males should:
 Practice selfexam of scrotum and testicles once a month to check for lumps or unusual swelling
 Shower/bathe regularly
 Wear a protective or supporter during athletic activities to prevent accidental injuries
 Avoid tight underwear – it can lead to low sperm count
 Practice abstinence from sexual activity

Sperm is produced in testes and mature in the epididymis.
Then travels through vas deferens, where it is mixed with seminal fluid created in the seminal vesicle and the prostate gland. Sperm and this fluid is called semen. Ejaculations is when muscles contract and force semen through the urethra and out of the body.

What does the female reproductive system do?
It works to make eggs and provide a place to support and nourish a developing human.
Let’s look closer.
Egg cell

Label your diagram.

They are the female reproductive organs that produce eggs
- Eggs (ova): sex cells that are produced by the ovaries and can be fertilized by sperm
- all of the eggs a female will ever have, are in her 2 ovaries when she is born
They make the hormones estrogen and progesterone
- regulate monthly release of an egg and prepare the body for pregnancy

 Female reproductive organ that provides a place to support a developing human. Also called the womb.
 Muscular cavity the size of a fist
 The female reproductive organs that transport an egg from the ovary to the uterus

 The female reproductive organ that connects the outside of the body to the uterus
 Receives sperm during reproduction
 The lower portion of the uterus
 It widens during childbirth to allow the baby the exit
 Menstrual fluid flows from the uterus through it

The bladder stores the urine which is produced by the kidneys.
• Is a tube carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body.

A monthly series of hormone-controlled changes that prepare the uterine lining for a pregnancy.
Ovulation-
The release of an egg from a follicle in the ovary.
- high levels of estrogen and progesterone thicken and maintain the uterine lining
- if pregnancy does not occur – estrogen and progesterone level quickly fall

Lining of the uterus ready to receive the embryo.
If egg is fertilized by sperm, embryo travels to the uterus.
Days of the Average
Menstrual Cycle
YOUR PERIOD
Lining of uterus sheds if there is no fertilization.
Lining of uterus begins to thicken in preparation to nourish a fertilized egg
OVULATION
One egg released

Fertilization is the joining of a male and female reproductive cell to make the first cell of a new human.
This cell, the fertilized egg, then moves down the fallopian tube and into the uterus.
The fertilized egg attaches to the wall of the uterus and begins to grow.

Females can experience both minor and serious problems with their reproductive systems.
 Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS)
 Toxic Shock Syndrome rare but serious bacterial infection associated with incorrect use of menstrual hygiene products. Can cause a rash and fever. Requires immediate care.
 Infertility -
Caused by blocked fallopian tubes or failure to produce eggs.
 Ovarian Cysts growths on the ovary. Any pain, swelling, abnormal bloating, or heaviness in the abdominal region should be evaluated
 STI’s
 Cancer can effect breasts, ovaries, uterus, or cervix

Females should have regular checkups by a physician and take good care of their reproductive system.
 Monthly breast exams
 Shower regularly
 Record the menstrual periods
 Practice abstinence