1. Abstract - Portland State University

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YouWatchMyStuff
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Final Report
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Team: Richard ,Amrutha, Randy,Hussain, Raed
Sponsor : Chris Wikernson, Adviser: Malgorzata Jeske
Date: 5/31/2013
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1/20135/2013
Contents
1. Abstract …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….2
2. Introduction……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 2
2.1 Problem Identification …………………………………………………………………………………...2
2.2 Motivation……………………………………………………………………………………………………2
2.3 Objective………………………………………………………………………………………………………3
3. Agenda ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………3
3.1 Team Introduction …………………………………………………………………………………………3
3.2 Requirements………………………………………………………………………………………………...3
3.3 Approach………………………………………………………………………………………………………4
3.4 Project Management………………………………………………………………………………………4
3.5 Budget……………………………………..……………………………………………………………………5
4. Design………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..6
4.1 Hardware design and implementation…………………………………………………………….6
4.2 Software design and implementation…………………………………………………………….11
4.3 IP and prior work…………………………………………………………………………………………16
5. Testing and Outstanding Issues…………………………………………………………………………………17
5.1 Testing Plan………………………………………………………………………………………………….17
5.2 Project Issues…………………………………………………………………………………………….....20
6. Individual team members contributions……………………………………………………………………21
7. Next Steps…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………22
8. Conclusion……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 25
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1. ABSTRACT
The purpose for this project is to have a wireless portable security device that people can monitor
their personal possessions such as a laptop, backpack, or piece of luggage while away from it.
2. INTRODUCTION
2.1 Problem Identification
Theft is a common occurrence, particularly among college students. Today students can’t
guarantee that their laptops will not be stolen in a university library if they leave for a couple of
minutes. Moreover, people don’t want to carry all their belongings every time they have to leave
their study table. Therefore, a security device that will alert the user and keep a thief from
stealing is a necessity these days.
2.2 Motivation
To create an innovative new product those meets the needs of an untapped market segment, and
provide security for personal possessions.
2.3 Objective
To design and create a working prototype of the security device that can be monitored through a
smart phone and act as a viable alarming system for the user.
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3. AGENDA
3.1 Team Introduction
Richard and Randy as Computer Engineering students has been helpful in the software
development of the app. Amrutha, Hussain and Raed as Electrical Engineering has equally
helpful on the hardware development of the overall device.
3.2 Requirements:
A prototype that ensures security with an audible alarm controlled via a phone application. Either
an Android or iOS application could be used for this purpose. The device will be developed
according to the below specifications:
Base requirements:
Accelerometer
Speaker - ~80dB and less than or equal to 0.03 watts
Bluetooth – Possibly use a Class 2 (2.5mW and ~10m range)
At least 1 LED
Interface:
Remote activation with phone only
Batteries – 9V Battery
AVR Processor – 32 bit AVR microcontroller
Case – Plastic case
Software:
Android Application
Code to run the AVR and the additional features (Bluetooth, Speaker, etc.)
App functionality:
Activate/Deactivate alarm
Arm device
Phone plays sound alarm and vibrates when alarm activates.
Possible additional features:
GPS location tracking and logging
App functionality:
Pin location of device
Record locations in last X hours
Record location when Bluetooth losses connection.
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Specific design requirements:
Must:
1- Device must work for a minimum of 5m from phone.
2- Device sounds an alarm for a motion detected on the accelerometer.
3- The phone should receive a signal once the alarm goes off.
Should:
1- Have a sleek and aesthetically pleasing appearance.
2- The PCB should be 3x3 inches maximum.
3- The device should be able to be enabled or disabled using the phone App.
4- The source of power should last for a convenient amount of time, such as 3 weeks in standby.
5- The device should work in typical weather conditions.
May:
1- GPS tracker feature on the app.
2- Packaging could be waterproof.
3- When out of the device’s range the app should inform the user and disable its functions.
3.3 Approach:
The team support and enthusiasm made the project possible. Brainstorming ideas and following
up with the Sponsor on the initial project proposal was our first step. Constant communication
with the Sponsor and the Advisor on ideas helped behind the development of the security device.
To create the project schedule we used Microsoft Project to create a Gantt chart. Additionally we
maintained a wiki page in order to organize the project requirement and provide easy access to
our documentation for all team members.
3.4 Project Management
Weekly meetings provided an opportunity for status updates among team members. This was
accomplished by scheduling a one hour administrative meeting and a 3 hour work meeting.
Weekly progress reports for each team member and a weekly progress summary were posted on
our wiki page. A repository was setup to implement a document version control system.
Roles
Richard: Team Leader – Android Application
Amrutha: Project Management
Randy: Arduino code
Hussain: Hardware
Raed: Concept Research and iOS
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3.5 Budget:
To create YWMSy we spent under $500 for parts. It took around six months to complete and
improve YWMSy. There was approximate 5% mistake which is about Bluetooth part we bought
the wrong one at the beginning which cost 27 $. The table below shows all cost total numbers.
Total Amount Spent
Mistakes cost
Price
487.63
27
Notes
Working four PCBs and one demo
Bluetooth device for the demo
Cost / PCB
Conceptual (Pen)
90.17
6.9
Actual cost for each PCB
For each device (Pen)
part
package
quanitity
Price
Vendor
Capacitor 10 uF
C0805
2
0.32
Digikey
Capacitor 20 pF
C0805
2
0.58
Digikey
Capacitor 0.1 uF
C0805
5
0.22
Digikey
Diode
DO4110
2
0.1
Jameco
Resistor 22k
C0805
1
0.23
Digikey
Resistor 330
C0805
1
0.23
Digikey
Crystal 16 MHz
HC49/US
1
0.81
Digikey
Buzzer
F/CM12P
1
2.49
Jameco
Accelerometer
ATMEGA 328 P-PU w/
Bootloader
LFCSP16
ATMEGA 328 PPU
1
6.07
1
6
Digikey
surplus
gizmos
Connector Terminal
1
0.39
Jameco
LM7805
1
0.45
Jameco
Connector Unshrouded Header 6
1
0.29
Jameco
female pcb header
1
0.99
Jameco
28 pin socket
1
1.09
Jameco
Bluetooth
1
8.95
total
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4. DESIGN
4.1 Hardware design and implementation
The hardware consists of two systems. A main system which has all components related to the
device functionality and a second system is the power distribution system which regulates the
voltage supplied to the system.
Main system: In order to design the hardware for the main system, the components had to be
selected according to the minimum functionality required of the device. The required
components are:
a. Microcontroller (Atmega328).
The microcontroller will be programmed to control and send signals to power up
the other components of the circuit. In addition, it will respond to signals coming
from these components.
b. Accelerometer (adxl335).
The accelerometer will sense the movement of the device and will send a signal to
the microcontroller.
c. Buzzer.
The buzzer will sound an alarm when it receives a high signal from the
Microcontroller. The signal will be applied when the microcontroller receives a
specific signal from the accelerometer.
d. RGB LED.
The LED will monitor the state of the device. It will light green when the device
is powered up and Bluetooth connection is initiated. The LED will light Blue
when the device security function is initiated. In addition, it will alternate between
blue and red when alarm sounds or panic mode is initiated.
e. MOD-BT Bluetooth Model (employs BGB203 Philips Bluetooth chip).
Bluetooth model establish connection between the device and another Bluetooth
device mainly a cell phone.
The parts above are the final parts that were chosen in hardware design. Some parts had to
change because they either were difficult to use or had some functioning issues. The original
accelerometer that was going to be used needed to be programmed in order to function correctly.
This would have resulted in an additional programming time; therefore, the decision was to use
another accelerometer which was available at no extra cost. Figure1 below shows the parts that
were used in the main system. The Bluetooth device also had to be changed because it had issues
maintaining connections.
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Figure1Individual Components
Power distribution system:
This is a simple system which employs the LM7805 linear voltage regulator to step down the DC
voltage from range 0f 9-12 VDC to 5 VDC. Elementary hardware testing was conducted to
check the expected functionality of the parts and power consumption was measured as well. The
tables below show these tests results.
Device
power (mille Amps/Hour)
Bluetooth(searching mode)
20
Bluetooth(data sending/ receiving)
23
Bluetooth (device search)
20
speaker(minimum)
8.3
speaker(maximum)
20
LED
20
20
accelerometer
0.35
0.35
Average Power
21
14.15
Table 1 (power consumption for individual devices)
Prototype Device(1)
power (mille Amps/Hour)
Power ON(alarm OFF)
54
Power ON(alarm ON)
63
low power mode
4.1
Average Power
40.38
Table2 Power consumption for device
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The tables show the result of measuring currents using a multimeter. The measurements in Table
2 were average to compensate for current fluctuations which were likely caused by the Bluetooth
module. However, in our testing device we used a 9Vbattery to power it up and we have been
using the device every day for almost 3 months now and the battery is still working. Thus, the
power consumption conclusion for this device is that it will work for a minimum of 2 months on
low power mode and a maximum of 30 days on heavy use for at least 6 hours a day.
Hardware implementation:
For testing purposes the device was first implemented in a breadboard, and jumpers were used to
connect the components to the Arduino UNO programming board. Figure-1 below shows the
testing device.
Figure1 Testing device
Schematic and Board layout:
The schematic and board layout were both done by using the EAGLE-CAD software. All
components including resistors, capacitors, and necessary elements for the circuit to function
correctly were chosen according to data sheets associated with the main components. Figure 2
through figure 3 below shows the schematics of the systems of the hardware.
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Figure2 Microcontroller system schematic
Figure3 Power system schematic
The board layout had all the components implemented on the board except the Bluetooth module
since it would take extra time and money to finish the design. The board design was sent to
Sunstone Circuitry for fabrication. Figures 4 through 6 will show the EAGLE-CAD board
layout, unpopulated PCB (printed circuit board), and the populated PCB.
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Figure4 EAGLE-CAD board layout
Figur5 Pre-Soldering PCB
The hardest component to solder to the board was the accelerometer because it only came in
QFN package. All surface mount components were soldered to the board using the reflow oven
in the prototyping lab at Portland State University.
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Figur6 Soldered PCB
4.2 Software design and implementation
When planning how to interact with YWMSy it soon became apparent that one of the best ways
to control it would be through an application on a phone or tablet. Once we decided to write an
application, the next major decision was: should we make an application for either Android or
iOS? If this device was put on the market, we would of course offer both Android and iOS
support, but for the sake of prototyping we needed to pick one to start with. Surprising the
choice was not made based on our personal preferences between iOS or Android, but instead
simply on the fact that developing on Android is free so we could start right away while iOS
requires a payment to develop applications for it so for the sake of cost and time we started with
Android.
Since this was our first attempt at writing an Android application we spent a significant amount
of time setting up Eclipse and building the applications provided in the tutorials so that we could
better familiarize ourselves with the software. The next phase of development lead us to the
Bluetooth example code on:
http://developer.android.com/guide/topics/connectivity/bluetooth.html. Unfortunately, there are
some missing portions of the code and setup in the guide, which resulted in our attempts being
unsuccessful when trying to follow those examples. We were able to find some very helpful
examples on Youtube.com, but we still struggled to adapt these examples to our needs.
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Figure7 MIT App Inventor
One video had an example of a basic Android application that covered Bluetooth communication
with very similar functionality to what we were looking for with our application. This program
is called “Blue Moon” and being it was programmed using a MIT beta program called “App
Inventor”. This method of application development is set up with a strong focus on a simple user
interface and visual coding. Code is “written” by assembling puzzle piece-like shapes into
functions and dragging segments of code into the desired locations. With the groundwork laid
out for us in the “Blue Moon” application we removed almost everything else from that
application except the core functionality and then we build our application on that framework.
Since the initial work had been done in “App Inventor” we continued to use this program and
found that it worked very well for our needs.
The final functionality of our application was designed to be simple and intuitive while still
providing all of the functionality that a user might desire. Below are the flowcharts outlining
how the application actually works:
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1. Find Devices
Turn on App
No
On?
YES
Main Screen
BACK
YES
Find Device
Device Selected
NO
Figure8 Part1 Android Flowchart
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Press to
Connect BT
No
Connected?
Yes
Main Screen
Power on
Device
PANIC
No
No
Button Pressed
Button Pressed
Yes
Yes
Alarm
Disarmed
(Press to
Arm)
Power
OFF
Device
PANIC
No
No
Yes
Main Screen
Button
Pressed
Button
Pressed
Alarm Armed
(Press to
Disarm)
No
Device Moved
Yes
Alarm – Play Sound/
Vibrate
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During the design process we ran into many challenges, including the Bluetooth chip on
YWMSy having connection issues with the application, the alarm going off at the wrong time or
not at all, and many others. Despite these setbacks we were able work through each of them to
deliver a complete functional Android application to use with YWMSy.
iOS Software:
Since there is 35% of smartphones users worldwide using IOS, we see it is important to do basic
IOS app connecting to BLE and ready to improve the YWMSy Ideal design. IOS environment
works only with Bluetooth low energy, for this reason we order extra kit, which is TI SendorTag
to test our IOS app. This app has basic requirements like searching for devices and connects to
them and there is alarm working in iPhone for any move to this kit.
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4.3 IP and Prior work:
Research played a crucial role in the hardware and software development process of the project.
Experience gained from the practicum projects was also helpful in developing this project. Here
are the links to some of the resources used:





http://developer.android.com/guide/topics/connectivity/bluetooth.html [ Android –
Bluetooth]
http://developer.android.com/training/basics/firstapp/index.html [First Android App]
http://wiring.org.co/learning/basics/accelerometer.html [ Accelerometer –Arduino]
http://bildr.org/2011/04/sensing-orientation-with-the-adxl335-arduino/ [ Arduino –
Accelerometer]
http://arduino.cc/en/Hacking/PinMapping168 [ Pin Mapping Arduino – Atmega 328]
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5. TESTING and OUTSTANDING ISSUES:
5.1 Testing Plan
Hardware
I.
II.
III.
Power Supply (Voltage Regulator) Test
A. Equipment needed:
 Power supply
 DMM
 Wire
B. Functionality Test:
 Must supply a stable 5V output when 9V is applied
 Must supply at least 54mA (with max load test)
C. Environment Test:
 Must supply enough Power for device to be ‘ON’ > 24 hours
D. Module test:
 Kept device on for more than 24 hours
Buzzer Testing
A. Equipment:
 Oscilloscope
 BNC cables
 Power Supply
 Power supply connectors
B. Functionality Test:
 Buzzer must make noise when an audio signal is provided
C. Environmental Test:
 Buzzer must be capable of making sound loud enough to hear in a loud room
D. Module Tests
 Used the function generator at different frequencies to test for a pitch
 Used Arduino predefined Tone() function (see software section)
Motion Sensor(Accelerometer) Test
A. Equipment:
 Oscilloscope
 Power supply
 Wire connections
B. Functionality Test:
 Motion sensor must sense a small movement of gravity force in the x, y and z
direction
C. Environment Test:
 Motion sensor must be able to trigger the alarm when moved as a unit
D. Module Test:
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
IV.
V.
Made several physical tests to measure the sensitivity of the sensor compared
to physical movement using a power supply and an oscilloscope.
Bluetooth device Test
A. Equipment:
 DMM
 Power supply
 Power connections
B. Functionality Test:
 Bluetooth device must be able to communicate with any cell phone with
Bluetooth connection
C. Environment Test:
 Bluetooth must connect to our test cell phone with a username and password
setup
D. Module Test:
 Used predefined Arduino function called SoftwareSerial to comminute to and
from Bluetooth device and phone
 Used app SENA Bterm to send and receive data to and from phone to
Bluetooth device
Multi-Color LED Test
A. Equipment:
 DMM
 Power supply
 Power connections
B. Functionality Test:
 LED must light the color Red, Blue and Green
C. Environment Test:
 Must blink and keep a steady light for Red, Blue and Green using the I/O
ports from the Arduino Uno
D. Module Test:
 Used power supply at 5V 27mA to test the LED colors.
 Used an Arduino Uno to test blinking LED for Red, Green and Blue
Software (all black box testing unless noted)
I.
Buzzer Testing
A. Software/Hardware:
 Arduino IDE
 Function Tone() from Arduino predefined library
 Arduino Uno microcontroller
B. Module Tests
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
II.
III.
Used Tone () generator to make different types of tones. This was done to
search for the best tone that can provide a loud noise
Motion Sensor(Accelerometer) Test
E. Equipment:
 Arduino IDE
 Arduino IDE Tool Serial Monitor
F. Module Test:
 Made several physical tests measuring the sensitivity of the sensor versus
physical movement. Used a print out from the Serial Monitor window of the g
values from x, y and z motion. The values where obtained from the Arduino
Uno Analog to digital converter.
Bluetooth device Test
G. Software/Equipment:
 Arduino Uno
 Arduino IDE
 Arduino IDE Pre-defined function SoftwareSerial
H. Module Test:
 Used predefined Arduino function called SoftwareSerial to comminute to and
from Bluetooth device and phone
 Used app SENA Bterm app on phone to send and receive data to and from the
Bluetooth device
 Used internal Command codes to setup Bluetooth Device name, Bandwidth
and Password
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5.2 Project issues:
Subject
Issue
Resolution
Group/Individual
Git Repository
The group was not able
to neither upload nor
download files from the
repository.
Change the repository
setting from Git to
Subversion
Individual
Wiki page
Organization
The sections were not
organized making it
difficult to look for
documents and links
Communication
between group and
advisor/sponsor
Did not kept
advisor/sponsor
update with progress
Team member
outlined and
reorganized links for a
better flow to search
Assigned a team
member to have a
constant
communication with
advisor/sponsor
Accelerometer not
available
Bluetooth Not
searchable via phone
Bluetooth Intermittent
connection
Alarm not working
Alarm turns on when
it has not been moved
No accelerometer
available on the
specific vendor
website
The Bluetooth device
was going to
command mode
instead of
communication mode
The Phone was not
able to connect to
Bluetooth part of the
time
The Alarm was not
going to the enable
function witch is the
part that makes the
alarm work
The accelerometer has
a drift deviation of ±
3g
Individual
Group
Gave website a week
for vendor to stock
with new merchandise
Group
Found the setting to
enable
communication mode
Individual
Replaced the
Bluetooth device
Individual
Change the Enable
alarm Implementation
Individual
Implemented an
acceptable deviation
to Arduino code so
the alarm is not
triggered by drift
Individual
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6. INDIVIDUAL TEAM MEMBER’S CONTRIBUTIONS
I.







Richard Atwood contributions are as follows:
Team Lead
Android Application Programming and Design
Android Application Algorithm and Flow
Handled scheduling of events and meetings
Routine tasks on the project
Contributed to writing documentation and reports
Coordinated group and Sponsor discussions and interactions







Amrutha Doosa contributions are as follows:
Wiki page organizer
Project Management
Communicate with Advisor and Sponsor on weekly progress reports.
Project Schedules and organizing among group members.
Test Plan, Project Design Specifications and Eagle Cad schematic
Android Application Algorithm and Arduino algorithm
Initial Android application development to recognize Bluetooth device.
II.
III.






Hussain Alsaffar contributions are as follows:
Routine tasks on the project
Program the Bluetooth device using Arduino code
Power calculations of the design and sizing the battery to power the device
Completed schematic on the Alarm Project
Designed the board layout for the PCB
Soldered Project’s components into the PCB
Randy Duran contributions are as follows:
Accelerometer
Speaker
Bluetooth device
Multi-Color LED
Contribute to Building the Prototype
Contribute Writing Documentation






Raed Alkhaldi contributions are as follows:
IPhone Application Algorithm
IPhone App Coding
connecting IPhone with Acclamatory through BLE
Design Concept Device
Calculate Concept Device Cost
Researching for device’s Improvement






IV.
V.
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7. NEXT STEPS: The following designs are the examples of the final vision for the device.
Alarm Device 1
YWMSy Board
Twist To
Lock Device
RGB LED
Power ON
Touch Sensor
Speaker
RGB LED
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Alarm Device 2
Battery Cover
Batteries
YWMSy Board
Speaker
Muli-Color LED
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The following tables below are the required components and the cost per device:
Part name
Microcontroller
Bluetooth Low Energy
Battery
Part number
PIC12LF1552
CC2540
CR2032
Size
2X3 mm
6mm X 6mm
diameter 20mm ,high 3.2 mm
Table 3 Ideal Design components
PART
Capacitors
Diode
Accelerometer
BLE
resistor
Buzzer
microcontroller
Battery
PCB
Total cost
Table 4 Cost/ Ideal Design.
Quantity
9
2
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
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Price
0.27 $
0.1 $
1.4 $
2.5 $
0.012 $
0.7 $
0.7 $
0.28 $
1
6.9 $
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8. CONCLUSION:
Talk about project issues: ethical professional social issues, discussions of projects
weakness and strengths
- Issues
- Weakness and strengths
https://projects.cecs.pdx.edu/projects/wi2013ece412-watchstuff/wiki
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