CTHS Copyright Policy 2014
This copyright policy has been developed by teacher-librarians Amber
Sorensen and Sally Casey. It is based on the schools information sheets
available on the Smartcopying website and the Handbook for school
libraries: Copyright in NSW government schools (2008). It is a
summarised version of these documents. Should teachers require further
clarification of copyright issues, they should consult the original
documents. This policy should be revised every five years.
Under special provisions, teachers and students can use other people’s
material, provided certain legal requirements are met. Teachers should
also be aware of, and take into consideration, the cost of copyright
licences.
This document assumes the purpose of teachers accessing material is for
educational purposes only and only within CTHS.
1
Table of Contents
What is copyright? ........................................................................................................................... 3
Why is copyright important? ........................................................................................................ 3
Copyright for teachers.................................................................................................................... 4
When copyright restrictions do not apply ........................................................................... 4
Managing the cost for copyright material ........................................................................... 6
Text and Artistic works .................................................................................................................. 6
Content management systems (CMS) ..................................................................................... 7
Format shifting .................................................................................................................................. 7
Podcasts/Vodcasts ........................................................................................................................... 8
Creating podcasts......................................................................................................................... 8
Using podcasts .............................................................................................................................. 9
Films .................................................................................................................................................... 10
Software............................................................................................................................................. 12
Music/Sound Recordings ............................................................................................................. 12
Wikis and blogs ............................................................................................................................... 13
Websites ............................................................................................................................................ 14
Performance of works ................................................................................................................... 14
Glossary ............................................................................................................................................. 16
Appendix ............................................................................................................................................ 17
Cherrybrook......................................................................................................................................... 24
AUTHORITY TO PUBLISH ................................................................................................................... 24
Bibliography...................................................................................................................................... 25
2
What is copyright?
Copyright is legislation which can be used to stop people from copying
certain creative works without permission. In Australia, copyright
protection is automatic. As soon as a work is written down or recorded, it
is protected by copyright.
Only the copyright owner can reproduce and communicate the material.
Only the copyright owner can licence or sell these rights to others.
Copyright lasts for different periods of time depending on the type of
creative work. For more information about the length of time copyright
lasts, click here. When copyright elapses, the work is in the ‘public
domain’. Once a creative work enters the ‘public domain’, anyone can
copy the work without needing permission from the copyright owner.
Simply because material is publicly available e.g. on the internet, does
NOT mean it is in the ‘public domain’.
Technology allows teachers and students to copy, communicate and store
many copyright materials digitally. It is important to note that simply
because it is possible to copy, communicate or store material, does not
mean it is legally permissible to do so.
Why is copyright important?
Copyright provides creators with power over who can use their work, how
their creative works can be used and if they will charge a fee for other
people to use it.
3
Copyright for teachers
In terms of teaching, the main copyright licences for education are:

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Education
Education
Education
Education
Education
licence
licence
licence
licence
licence
A: Statutory Broadcast Licence
B: Statutory Text and Artistic Licence
C: APRA Licence
D: AMCOS Licence
E: AMCOS/ARIA/APRA Licence
The school has also purchased a Co-Curricular Licence.
In addition there are the:
 Flexible Fair Dealings Exceptions
 Format Shifting and Copyright Amendment Act 2006
When copyright restrictions do not apply
Linking
Linking is not a copyright activity. This is because you are providing a
path to its location and not copying any material. Providing links to
material on external websites is a good way of handling copyright.
However, it is good practice to include an acknowledgement of the source
website.
Embedding
Embedding a link lets the user view and access the content without
having to leave their website or intranet. Embedding a video is not
copying.
Original material created by you or the Department
You can also use original material which either you or the NSW
Department of Education and Communities created as long as it does not
include material that was created by someone who is not an employee of
the Department. However, you should label any material you create. If it
is your own original work created in the course of your employment, you
must include details of your school, year and department.
4
E.g. Created by A. Smith, Cherrybrook Technology High School, ©NSW
Department of Education and Communities, 2014.
Permission from the copyright owner
You can use material if you have permission from the copyright owner.
Ensure that the way in which you use the material is within the
parameters of the granted permission and that you attribute the material
clearly.
If you don’t have permission and want to use more than 10% of the work
you can contact the copyright owner to get permission. See the appendix
for a letter template.
Free for education and open education resources
Free for education material occurs when the copyright owner has already
granted permission for teachers to use their material.
Benefits
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The DEC does not pay for the use of this material.
Although you do need to properly attribute the material, there are
no mandatory notice requirements.
The material can be used on content repositories which are open to
the public e.g. an internet site
A lot, but not all, of these materials are also Open Education
Resources (OER). This means teachers and students can modify
and share the material. For a list of free for education materials
and OER see the appendix.
All free for education material should be labelled with the details of the
copyright owner and author, the name of the work, where the material
was copied from and when it was copied.
5
Managing the cost for copyright material
To minimise the copyright fees paid by DEC, it is good practice to:
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Link to the material rather than copy it.
Limit access to the material to those students who need to
access it. E.g. one class of students rather than the entire
school.
Remove the material (from Moodle, Edmodo, DVC, Wikis etc)
as soon as they are no longer required so that the DEC does
not pay again for the same material every year.
Text and Artistic works
Text (literary works [books, newspaper articles, articles on
websites, drawings, maps]; musical works [sheet music]; dramatic
works [plays, scripts]) and artistic works such as photographs,
illustrations and images can be used by teachers for educational
purposes. These images can only be uploaded onto password
protected content repositories with access restricted to teachers and
students. E.g. Moodle and Edmodo.
In order to manage copyright costs, you should only copy what you
need for educational purposes.
All copied material should be labelled with the name of the
copyright owner and author, where the material was copied from
and when it was copied.
Each time an artistic work is copied and uploaded online the
following notice must be attached to the work:
COMMONWEALTH OF AUSTRALIA
Copyright Regulations 1969
WARNING
This material has been reproduced and communicated to you by or on
behalf of Cherrybrook Technology High School pursuant to Part VB of the
Copyright Act 1968(the Act).
The material in this communication may be subject to copyright under the
Act. Any further reproduction or communication of this material by you
may be the subject of copyright protection under the Act.
Do not remove this notice.
6
Content management systems (CMS)
Moodle, Edmodo and DVC are examples of content management
systems.
If students are copying or communicating material stored on a CMS
(eg emailing to class member or downloading material on to a flash
drive) it is good practice to place a warning notice, such as the one
below, on the system to ensure that individual students are not
breaking copyright.
NOTICE TO STUDENTS
The material in this communication may be subject to copyright under the
Act. Any further copying or communication of this material by you may be
the subject of copyright protection under the Copyright Act 1968.
Any material stored on a CMS for more than 12 months must be
paid for again. Therefore, it is good practice to remove material
that is no longer required for teaching and review content stored on
a CMS regularly.
Format shifting
Whole collections (eg VHS tapes to DVD or DVC) cannot be format
shifted ‘just in case’. Some limited format shifting is allowed if all of
the following criteria are met:
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The original copy is lawful
The copy will be used for the purpose of educational
instruction in the near future (not ‘just in case’)
It is not possible to buy the material in the new format within
a reasonable time. For a DVD this is 2 weeks. For an
electronic file this is 1 day.
Any Access Control Technological Protection Measure is not
removed or disabled in order to make the copy
You do not upload the copy to the internet or give students
access to an electronic file they could copy.
It is good practice to label a format shifted copy eg. ‘Copied under
section 200AB of the Copyright Act 1968’
It is not lawful to format shift VEA DVDs and VHS to the DVC CMS.
7
Podcasts/Vodcasts
Creating podcasts
If the material to be included in a podcast is owned by the school or
DEC then any use can be made of that material by the teacher.
If a teacher or student includes third party material in their podcast,
they must include a notice with or on their podcast. For literary,
musical, dramatic and artistic works:
COMMONWEALTH OF AUSTRALIA
Copyright Regulations 1969
WARNING
This material has been reproduced and communicated to you by or on
behalf of Cherrybrook Technology High School pursuant to Part VB of the
Copyright Act 1968(the Act).
The material in this communication may be subject to copyright under the
Act. Any further reproduction or communication of this material by you
may be the subject of copyright protection under the Act.
Do not remove this notice.
For television or radio broadcasts:
COMMONWEALTH OF AUSTRALIA
Copyright Regulations 1969
WARNING
This material has been reproduced and communicated to you by or on
behalf of Cherrybrook Technology High School pursuant to Part VA of the
Copyright Act 1968(the Act).
The material in this communication may be subject to copyright under the
Act. Any further reproduction or communication of this material by you
may be the subject of copyright protection under the Act.
Do not remove this notice.
8
If material in a podcast is created by a student then the copyright
belongs to the student and the school must obtain the permission of
the student if it wants to use that material. Click here for a
permission letter template.
If a student created podcast will be uploaded to the internet or
intranet (Moodle, Edmodo or DVC) and it includes material created
by third parties then the podcast should only be able to be accessed
by staff and students.
The written consent of students (or their parents/guardians for
students under the age of 18) and other persons appearing in a
podcast should always be obtained. Click here for a permission
letter template.
Using podcasts
If a podcast is of a program that was broadcast on free-to-air radio
or television:
Teachers can copy and communicate these podcasts as long as it
can only be accessed by staff and students.
If a podcast has not been broadcast on free-to-air radio or
television you can still use it if:
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There is a notice on the website permitting educational use.
Click here for types of notices.
It is NEALS content
You have received permission from the copyright owner to
use the podcast. Click here for a letter template.
9
Films
Teachers can play films, television and radio programs in the
classroom as part of course instruction.
VHS/DVD
A digital copy of a VHS tape can be made and uploaded onto a
password protected content repository such Moodle, Edmodo and
DVC as long as:
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The original copy is a genuine non-pirated copy
The film in digital format is needed for educational instruction.
Making an online library of films ‘just in case’ they are needed
is not allowed.
The teacher is only copying what is needed for educational
instruction, i.e. an extract
It is not possible to buy the film in digital format
The film is removed from the digital repository when it is no
longer required.
It is good practice to label copies with the name of the film, and the
date it was copied.
Online films
Link to or embed online films whenever possible. For more
information on linking and embedding click here.
YouTube
Teachers should not copy or download clips from YouTube.
However, you can stream a YouTube clip directly from YouTube, link
to or embed a YouTube clip. If you choose to embed a YouTube clip
you are required to provide a link back to YouTube.
Don’t use content that is likely to be an infringing copy.
Free for education material – films
Where the copyright owner has already given permission for
teachers to use their material is known as Free for education. For
more information on free for education material click here.
10
Playing films for non-educational purposes
CTHS Library has purchased a Co-Curricular Licence which enables
teachers to play films to their students on bus excursions, camps and
rainy day activities. In these instances the film must be a legitimate copy
and produced and/or distributed by one of the following studios:
For a list of distributors click here.
If you want to find out if a specific film is covered by the Co-Curricular
Licence, contact:
Dona Howard in the Library on x263 or donalyne.howard@det.nsw.edu.au
This licence does not apply to:
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Playing the film to the general public
For a school fundraising event
Where advertising or promotion occurs during the playing of the
film
To an event which is advertised or promoted to people other than
the students and staff of the school
Film sources for schools
The National Film and Video Lending Service (NFVLS) has an extensive
collection of films from early silent films to recent releases. School can
make bookings up to a year and advance.
Roadshow Films represents many major film companies and provides
films for school events.
Amalgamated Movies provides films for school events by Sony, Columbia,
Trisar, Icon and Madman.
For more information on obtaining films from these services contact Dona
Howard in the Library on x263 or donalyne.howard@det.nsw.edu.au
11
Software
Usually, computer software in schools depends on the licence
agreement that accompanies it.
The program cannot be run on more computers than the licence
allows.
It is lawful to make a back-up copy in case the original is damaged.
If students are studying programming and software then fair dealing
and educational exceptions apply. This would allow:
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Decompiling computer software as part of a classroom lesson
Translating an extract of computer code from one computer
language to another as part of a programming lesson
Allowing students to adopt a copy of computer software as part
of a study project
Including screen shots of computer operations in a presentation
as part of a lesson.
Running or demonstrating computer software in class
Music/Sound Recordings
Use of popular commercial music in podcasts/vodcasts or short films
should be avoided as its use is only allowed in very limited
circumstances. You can stream music from an intranet eg Moodle or
Edmodo, as long as copies cannot be made of the streamed music.
The following websites have music which is free for education
Another option is to licence sound recordings from Audio Network
http://www.audionetwork.com.au/
Vinyl, cassette or CD
A digital copy of a sound recording from vinyl, cassette or CD can be
made to a digital repository (eg Moodle or Edmodo) provided:

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It can only be viewed by teachers and students who are directly
giving or receiving the instruction ie one class rather than the
whole school.
The original copy is lawful
It is needed for educational instruction (not ‘just in case’)
12
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The teacher is only copying what is needed for educational
instruction ie one track and not the whole record
It is not possible to purchase the sound recording in digital
format
The copy is removed from the digital repository once it is no
longer required
It is good practice to label copies with the name of the sound
recording, artist and the date it was copied.
iTunes and other digital stores
The iTunes store Terms of Use state that products can only be used for
personal, non-commercial use. It is unclear if a school would be in
breach of contact if it plays copies of music downloaded. To rely on
the fair dealing exception it must:
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Be for education instruction
Non-commercial (not profit making)
You only use what you need
A similar resource cannot be purchased
The content is not exposed to piracy
It is removed from the CMS, blog, intranet etc when it is not
longer required.
Alternatives to purchasing digital music from online stores:
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Use free iTunes (or other online store) content
Use free for education music
Buy digital music from Audio Network
A teacher can play digital media files from their iTunes library
providing:
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It is for educational instruction
It is non-commercial ie the school will not make a profit
The content is not exposed to piracy
Remove the resource from the CMS, blog etc when it is no longer
required.
Wikis and blogs
See information in podcast/vodcasts
13
Websites
Many websites are free for education because their terms and conditions
allow material on the website to be copied for educational purposes.
The following website terms and conditions allow use for education.
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Personal or non-commercial use
Use in your organisation
Educational use
If the website has the NEALS logo (example) or states it is NEALS
content
Free copying
If the terms differ from these they CANNOT be used for educational
purposes. E.g. All Rights Reserved, or personal and non-commercial use.
Performance of works
Teachers and students can read or perform a literary, dramatic or musical
work when it is:
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In the course of education and is not for profit.
The people in the audience or class are giving or receiving
instruction or are directly connected with the place where
instruction is given.
Performing for a fundraising activity or to the parents of students is
NOT allowed.
Under the APRA Licence, a school and its students can perform music at
the school or off-school premises at any event connected with school
activities.
This includes any live performance of music by teachers or students.
The following are covered by the APRA Licence:
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School concerts and performance evenings (choirs, singing groups,
school band, orchestra or rock bands)
School sports days, dance and fitness classes
School formals and dances
School award nights or graduations
School performances at music festivals, including music eisteddfods
and the NSW Schools Spectacular or equivalent events in other
States or Territories.
14
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Use of music-on-hold
Playing films to students which contain music where that school has
a Co-Curricular Licence (CTHS has this licence).
15
Glossary
Cloud computing – the delivery of computing servies such as software,
data access and data storage facilities over the internet rather than
through a personal computer or location server.
Communication – making copyright material available online or
electronically transmitting copyright material eg email or streaming,
posting on the internet or intranet, providing access over a network.
Content Management System (CMS) – software application which enables
teaching material to be sourced, managed, accessed and delivered in a
digital environment eg. Edmodo, Moodle and DVC.
Digital repository – a mechanism for managing and storing digital
content. eg Moodle, DVC, Edmodo
Educational instruction – using the material to prepare for class, to use in
a classroom exercise, for compiling resources for homework, research or
assessment tasks or any other activity connected with teaching.
Format shifting – copying content from one technological format to
another e.g. making a DVD or an electronic file copy of a VHS tape.
Performance – any mode of visual or aural presentation such as reciting a
poem, showing a film, playing a sound recording, staging a performance
of a play or displaying a diagram or plan on an overhead transparency
Podcast – digital media file made available on the internet or an intranet.
It usually includes aural and visual material such as film, sound and
pictures.
Public domain - works where the period of copyright protection has
expired
Vodcast – podcast that includes audiovisual material
Wikis and blogs – websites that can host material from text to videos and
music. They are also interactive forums where visitors can easily
contribute material and work together to produce new content.
16
Appendix
Copyright notices
Teachers need to read the terms and conditions of a website when
wanting to copy material from it. If the terms and conditions allow
copying for 'educational use', a teacher will not have to rely on the
Statutory Text and Artistic Licence.
'Educational use' is included if the terms and conditions of the website
permit copying for any of the following uses:

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Non-commercial use
Use in your organisation
Personal or non-commercial use
Educational use
Free copying
'Educational use' is not included if the terms and conditions of a website
state that copying is permitted for:

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
Personal use
Personal and non-commercial use
Personal, non-commercial
Copying not permitted
The website does not permit copying for educational use where a website
has:

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no terms and conditions; or
no terms and conditions but contains a copyright statement (i.e ©
Stuart Williams 2009);
17
Appendix
Permission to Use Copyright Work in a Podcast
Sample Letter to Request Permission to use Copyright Work in a School Podcast
Address block:
Correspondent’s title & name
Organisation (where applicable)
Full address
Dear insert title and surname
I am writing on behalf of the [insert school name] to request permission for students
in [year] to use the work, [name or description of work] in a podcast on the topic of
[Description of podcast].
A podcast is a digital file which can incorporate interviews, news items, sound
recordings, music and audio-visual material. Student created podcasts are generally
placed on school intranets for students and teachers to access at school and/or home
and, in many cases, on schools’ publicly accessible websites to share with other
students, schools, and the general public.
We seek your permission to copy and communicate the following copyright material
(“Work”) of which you are the owner so that it can be included in this podcast: [details of
source material – type (eg music, interview, article, art work, other audio visual material
etc) author/composer, date of publication/recording, title, publication, page, section
and/or paragraph/s]
If you agree to grant the requested permission, please complete and sign the attached
form and return a copy to [Name of School] at the following fax number: [Insert Fax
Number] or return by mail to the following postal address [insert postal address]. If you
are not the rights holder of the Work, we would appreciate it if you would provide us with
any contact information you have about the rights holder.
If you require any additional information regarding this request please contact
[contact name] on [insert phone number] or [insert email address]. If you require
further information regarding the NEALS agreement, please contact the Copyright
Unit on
(02) 9561 8179.
Yours sincerely,
Insert Name
Title
Date
18
Details of work and rights holder
Work
[Insert Name Or Description Of Work]
Name
[Insert Name]
Company /
Organisation
[Insert Company Or Organisation Name]
[Insert Address, If Known]
Address
Telephone Number/s
Fax Number
Email address
[Insert Telephone Numbers, If Known]
[Insert Fax Numbers, If Known]
[Insert Email Address, If Known]
I confirm that I am the rights holder of the Work, and I authorise the use of the above
Work in a podcast produced by students at [School] without payment for the full term of
the Work’s copyright for:
The school’s intranet for students and teachers to access at school and home and
the school’s publicly accessible website and to make the Work available free of
charge.
The school’s secure intranet for students and teachers to access at school and
home
The school’s secure intranet for students and teachers to access at school only
Please credit me as follows:_________________________________________
Permission is not granted for the use of the material as described above.
I am not the rights holder of the Work. The contact details of the rights holder are as
follows:
The information provided on this form is being obtained for the purpose of administering educational programs for students in
NSW Department of Education and Training schools. Provision of this information is voluntarily. The information contained on
this form is personal and will be stored, used and disclosed in accordance with the requirements of the Privacy and Personal
Information Act 1998 (NSW).
Signature:
Date:
19
Open education/Free for education resources
General information/teaching resources:
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Creative Commons search page, which uses Google and other wellknown search engines, but only brings back resources that are
licenced under creative
commons: http://search.creativecommons.org/
Curriki: http://www.curriki.org/
OER Commons: http://www.oercommons.org/
Encyclopaedia of Life: http://eol.org/
Connexions: http://cnx.org/
Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org
Wikieducator: http://wikieducator.org/
Trove: http://trove.nla.gov.au/
TedEd: http://ed.ted.com
LeMill: http://lemill.net/
Quizlet:http://blog.wikispaces.com/2013/11/our-newest-educationwidget-quizlet.html
WA Department of Education ‘First Steps’:
http://www.det.wa.edu.au/stepsresources/detcms/portal/
Solvonauts: http://solvonauts.org/?action=index
Scootle: http://www.scootle.edu.au/ec/lobjects.htm
The World Bank's Open Knowledge Repository:
https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/
"A Guide to Free and Open Source Education":
http://www.shareable.net/blog/a-guide-to-free-and-open-sourceeducation
Creative Commons: Open Educational Resources:
http://creativecommons.org/education#V4.0
Articles:

Directory of Open Access Journals: http://www.doaj.org/
20
Videos/Films:

Youtube Creative Commons videos: you can search then filter
results for only Creative Commons licenced
videos: http://www.youtube.com/

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
TeacherTube www.teachertube.com is a video website that allows
people to watch and share educational videos worldwide.
blip.tv – free film distribution site
National Film and Sound Archive
http://colsearch.nfsa.gov.au/nfsa/search/search.w3p;adv=;query=;
resCount= Maps:

http://www.maps-for-free.com/
Online courses:
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P2PU: https://p2pu.org/en/
Khan Academy: https://www.khanacademy.org/
MIT Open Courseware: http://ocw.mit.edu/index.htm
Math:

GeoGebra:
http://blog.wikispaces.com/2013/10/announcing-a-new-educationwidget-geogebra.html

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Math is power 4 u: http://mathispower4u.yolasite.com/
My Open Math: https://www.myopenmath.com/
21
Music:
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http://www.jamendo.com/en
http://www.purple-planet.com
A list of music communities that utilize CC licences:
http://creativecommons.org/music-communities
Remix website, great for adding sounds or background music:
http://ccmixter.org/
Opsound: http://opsound.org/index.php
Sound Cloud: http://soundcloud.com/creativecommons
audionautix: http://audionautix.com/
Free Music Archive: http://freemusicarchive.org/
freesound: http://www.freesound.org/
For additional resources see: http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/14websites-to-find-free-creative-commons-music/
Sound effects:

http://incompetech.com/music/royalty-free/
Images

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
CC finder: software that you can download for free which then
allows you to search the web for CC
images: http://www.abelssoft.net/ccfinder.php
Flickr: http://www.flickr.com/creativecommons/
The Wellcome Institute has released 100,000 high-resolution
images available under a CC-BY
licence: http://wellcomeimages.org/
Compfight, which is a Flickr search tool that can filter for CC
licenced photos: http://compfight.com/
Google images, which allows you to filter by reuse rights under
'search tools': http://www.google.com/imghp
Creative Commons search
function: http://search.creativecommons.org/
Wikipedia
Commons: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Main_Page
CSIRO's science image: http://www.scienceimage.csiro.au/
University subjects:

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panOpen: https://www.panopen.com/
22
Labelling
23
AUTHORITY TO PUBLISH
Cherrybrook Technology High School would like to use audio, video and/or photographs
of your child in a podcast. A podcast is a digital media file that is made available on the
Internet or an Intranet. The use of podcasts is for teaching and/or learning purposes.
By signing this form you agree to the following:
Cherrybrook
Technology
High School
28-44 Purchase Road
Cherrybrook
NSW 2126
Telephone
02 9484 2144
Facsimile
02 9875 4537
Email
1.
Cherrybrook Technology High School is able to use the audio, video
and/or photograph
cherrybrokh.school@det.nsw.edu.au
Website
2.
3.
The audio, video and/or photograph may be reproduced in colour or
black and white and may be altered, distorted or blurred for design
purposes.
You will not be consulted about the specific context in which your
audio, video and/or photograph appears.
www.cherrybrokh.schools.nsw.edu.au
Principal
Mr G Johnson
Deputy Principals
Mrs J Weal
Mrs J Bevan
Mr M Townsend
Your agreement to permit the use of the audio, video and/or photograph/s is greatly appreciated.
Yours faithfully
[insert teacher name]
[insert teacher title]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------I have read this form and agree to my child’s audio, video and/or photograph being used for the
purposes outlined above.
Student’s Name:
________________________________________________________
Year:
_________________________
Parent/Guardian Signature:
________________________________________________________
Date:
__________________________
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Bibliography
National Copyright Unit (n.d.). Smartcopying information sheets.
Retrieved 8th September 2014 from
http://www.smartcopying.edu.au/information-sheets/schools
National Library of Australia (n.d.). How long does copyright last?
Retrieved 8th September 2014 from http://www.nla.gov.au/how-longdoes-copyright-last
NSW Department of School Education. (2008). Handbook for school
libraries: Copyright in NSW government schools. Retrieved 8th September
2014 from
http://www.curriculumsupport.education.nsw.gov.au/schoollibraries/asset
s/pdf/hbkcopy.pdf
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