“Lung Assist Device for term and preterm newborns with
respiratory failure- Artificial Placenta ”
1
Manan ,
2
Rochow ,
3
Wu ,
2
Fusch ,S.
2
Monkman ,
3
Selvaganapthy ,
1,2
Fusch
A.
N.
W.
G.
PR.
C.
1Dpt. of Biomedical Engineering, 2Div. of Neonatology, Dpt. of Pediatric, 3Department of Mechanical
Engineering, McMaster University
RESULTS 1: IN VITRO GAS EXCHANGE OF SOU
INTRODUCTION
METHOD AND RESULTS 3. IN VIVO
• Respiratory failure still accounts for 5% of neonatal deaths.
Mechanical ventilation is associated with long term
complications. Based on the natural in utero placenta, we
propose a pump less lung assist device (LAD) with low
priming volume, low resistance, and high gas exchange.
Newborn piglet 3-4 hours old
250
120
Flow rate vs. Heart Rate
Heart Rate
• Porous PDMS was superior to PC, normal PDMS
membranes by demonstrating a1.6x- 2.6x higher O2 and
1.2x- 2.4x higher CO2 exchange rate.
Blood Pressure
200
150
100
50
Single Oxygenator Unit
Lung Assist Device
OBJECTIVE
1. In vitro: Optimize SOU, by testing gas exchange rates of
different membrane.
2. In vitro: Evaluate gas exchange rates of LAD.
3. In vivo: Assess feasibility of LAD in hypoxic piglet model.
•
• Porous PDMS have a 2x
lower resistance than PC
and 1.3x lower resistance
than normal PDMS
membrane.
METHOD 1, 2: FABRICATION OF SOU/ LAD AND
IN VITRO GAS EXCHANGE EXPERIMENTAL
SETUP
T=2 sec
T=7 sec
T=18 sec
O2 Transfer (mL/ min/cm2)
Gas Permeable Membrane:
SOU Body:
• Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) • Polycarbonate (PC),normal
PDMS, or porous PDMS
• Vascular network of micro
• Surface area of 14.08cm2
channels
• Low volume of 0.14mL
0.0015
0.001
0.0005
0
• Collect blood
samples pre- and
post SOU for gas
analysis flow rate:
0.5 – 4 mL/min
0.014
0.012
0.01
0.008
0.006
0
10
15
20
30
40
5
Flowrate (mL/min)
• Bundle can successfully
support 10% neonatal
lung function.
• 20-30% of CO2 is
successfully released,
and with increasing flow
rate results in improved
CO2 removal.
60
Resistance (mmHg)
•
PDMS body
0.016
0.002
membrane
channel
CO2 Transfer per cm2
0.004
5
40
0
20
40
60
0
20
40
Flow rate (mL/min)
• Achieved a maximum flow rate of 57mL/minute
• No correlation is observed between flow rate and heart rate/
blood pressure, indicating that no additional stress is
imposed on piglet by the LAD.
0.018
0.002
60
Flow rate (mLmin)
0.003
0.0025
80
20
0
DISCUSSION
RESULT 2: IN VITRO GAS EXCHANGE OF LAD
O2 Transfer per cm2
100
0
CO2 Transfer (mL/min/cm2)
Postnatal: artificial placenta
Flowrate vs. Blood Pressure
10
15
20
Flowrate (mL/min)
30
40
• Successfully constructed a low volume LAD.
• PDMS membranes was most effective for O2 and CO2
transfer.
• In vitro experiments indicate that the LAD can potentially
provide support equivalent to 10% of neonatal lung function.
• In vivo experiments indicate that flow rates through device
are tolerated by the cardiovascular system.
• Future work: Assess gas exchange performance of LAD in
a hypoxic piglet model, improve biocompatibility, and
develop special catheters to improve cannulation time.
Resistance of bundle
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
50
40
30
20
10
0
5
10
15
20
30
Flow Rate (mL/min)
40
•
•
•
•
•
CHRP Funding Received
Provisional US Patent is filed, No. 61526288
Rochow et al, 2013. Int J Artif Organs
Wen-I-W et al, 2013. Lab on Chip
C. Fusch holds the Hamilton Health Sciences Foundation
Jack Sinclair Chair in Neonatology at McMaster University
Christoph Fusch, Dpt. Of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4K1, Canada, Phone: +1 (905) 521 2100 ext 75721, E-mail: fusch@mcmaster.ca
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