Classes of Communication Technology
DEFINITIONS:
– Print Graphic Communication
Visual, lingual messages that include printed media
– Photographic Communication
Using photographs, slides, or motion pictures to
communicate a message
– Telecommunications
Communicating over a distance
– Technical Graphic Communication
Specific information about a product or its parts
Size and shape, how to install, adjust, operate, maintain,
or assemble a device
IOT
2-4
POLY ENGINEERING
Classes of Communication Technology
EXAMPLES:
1. Print Graphic Communication
Newspaper, poster, brochure, billboard
2. Photographic Communication
Photographs, slides, motion pictures
3. Telecommunication
Radio and t.v. broadcasts, computers, mobile and satellite
4. Technical Graphic Communication
Engineering drawings (sketches, drafting, CAD)
IOT
2-4
POLY ENGINEERING
Matching Classes
1.
2.
3.
4.
Print Graphic Communication
Photographic Communication
Telecommunications
Technical Graphic Communication
3
1
2,3
2,3
1
2
1
Telephone
Book
Videotape
DVD
Magazine
Photograph
Newspaper
3
3
3
2
2
1,2
1,2
Headphones
Computer
Remote Control
Painting
Camera
Comic Strip
2-4
Billboard
IOT
POLY ENGINEERING
Print Graphic Communication
Communication Technology
– Major Processes:
• Relief
2. The plate is covered in ink
Intaglio
– A modeled work that is raised (or lowered) from a flat
background.
By
593 A.D., the first printing press was invented in
(in-tal-yo)
– Cuneiform by the Sumerians ~6000 years ago.
China, and the first printed
newspaper
was available
3. Excess
ink is removed
from surface
– Wood block printing ~200 C.E.
in Beijing in 700 A.D. It was a woodblock printing. And
– Movable type printing ~1040 C.E. (Gutenberg ~1450)
the Diamond Sutra, the earliest known complete
– Intaglio (in-tal-yo) ~1430
woodblock
printed book with illustrations
was printed
4. Paper placed
on plate and
–
Rotary
printing
press
~1843
in China in 868 A.D. And Chinese printer
Bi Sheng
compressed
• Lithography
printing)
~1796
invented
movable(offset
type in
1041 A.D.
in China.
– The source and destination are not on raised surfaces
5. Paper
is removed
and ink has been transferred
– Grease
and water
do not
readily mix
1. Depressions
cut into
Low
Relief
Cuneiform
IOT
printing
– plate
A chemical process High Relief
POLY ENGINEERING
– Most modern books and newspapers
2-4
Communication Technology
Print Graphic Communication
• Screen Printing (~1000 C.E., China; 1907 England)
– Mainly billboards, package labels, fabric designs
– Uses a woven mesh (a screen) to support an ink
blocking stencil.
– The stencil forms open areas of mesh that transfer ink
as a sharp-edged image onto a substrate.
– A roller or squeegee is moved across the screen
stencil forcing or pumping ink past the threads of the
woven mesh in the open areas.
• Electrostatic (1938 / 1960s)
– Photocopier, Laser Printer
– Opposite charges attract
• Ink Jet (1980s)
IOT
2-4
POLY ENGINEERING
– Use a series of nozzles to spray ink directly on paper
Photographic Communication
Communication Technology
• Photographic Communication
– The process of using photographs to communicate a
message
– Photography – capturing light on a light-sensitive
material such as film or electronic sensor
– As a usable process, 1820s
– Includes photographs, slides, and motion pictures
IOT
2-4
POLY ENGINEERING
Communication Technology
• Telecommunication
Telecommunications
– Communicating over a distance
Tele – Greek, “far off”
Communicare – Latin, “to share”
– Rely on the principles of electricity and magnetism
– 2 types:
• Hardwired systems (telephone, cable, fiber-optic)
• Broadcast systems (radio and t.v., mobile phones)
– Point-to-point:
• One transmitter and one receiver
– Broadcast:
• One powerful transmitter to numerous receivers IOT
2-4
POLY ENGINEERING
Communication Technology
Telecommunications
– Smoke signals and drums
– Chains of beacons (Middle Ages)
• Navigation signals
• Enemy troops approaching
– Homing pigeons
• Carrier pigeons used as early as 1150 in Baghdad
• Olympic victors, Greece; Stock options, Europe
– Optical telegraph (semaphore, 1792, France)
• Towers with pivoting shutters
• Information encoded by the position of the
mechanical elements
IOT
2-4
POLY ENGINEERING
Communication Technology
Telecommunications
– Telegraph (mid 1830s)
• First instrument used to send messages by means of wires
and electric current
• A device interrupts the flow of a current through a wire
• Uses shorter and longer bursts of current to represent
letters
• Device at receiving end converted electrical signal into
clicks
• Operator/mechanical printer converted clicks into words
• Telegram – wires over land
• Cable – wires under water
– Telephone (1876 – Bell and Gray)
• Greek: tele – far, phone – sound
IOT
2-4
POLY ENGINEERING
Telecommunications
Play Morse Code Video
IOT
2-4
POLY ENGINEERING
Communication Technology
Telecommunications
– Broadcast
• Radio (1893 – Tesla, 1901 – Marconi)
• Television (1925)
– Greek: tele – far, Latin: visio – seeing
– 4 main parts (cathode ray tube)
– Electron gun fires 3 beams
– Steering coils move electron beam across screen
– Phosphorus screen has over 200,000 pixels
– Glass tube holds it all together
– Signals are broadcasted like radio signals
IOT
2-4
POLY ENGINEERING
Telecommunications
Communication Technology
– Computers
– Internet
– Cellular
– Local Area Networks
– Satellite Communication
IOT
2-4
POLY ENGINEERING
Technical Graphic Communication
Communication Technology
– Engineering Drawing / Technical Illustration
• Communicates specific information
– Size and shape
– How parts are assembled
– How to install, operate, adjust, maintain a device
• Hand methods
– Sketching
– Drafting
• Computer methods
– CAD (AutoCAD, Sketchup, Inventor, ProEngineer, etc.)
IOT
2-4
POLY ENGINEERING