Authors
(credentials)
Citation
(MLA)
Main Points
Quotations
(Intersections in the
Discourse)
Supporting Details
W. L. Chameides
H. Yu
S. C. Liu
M. Bergin
X. Zhou
L. Mearns
G. Wang
C. S. Kiang
R. D. Saylor
C. Luo
Y. Huang
A. Steiner
F. Giorgi
W. L. Chameides “Case
study of the effects of
atmospheric aerosols and
regional haze on
agriculture: An
opportunity to enhance
crop yields in China
through emission
controls?” Proceedings of
the National Academy of
Sciences. 23 November,
1999. Web 6/14/2016.
How aerosol emissions
can help china and its
crop production if
properly used.
“Our calculations
suggest that, under
optimal growing
conditions, crop yields
in eastern China could
be enhanced by ≈5–
30%, possibly more if
the indirect effect by
aerosols and other air
pollutants also
significantly affect crop
yields.”
The evidence that is
given backing up the
experiments.
Peter R. Buseck
Mihály Pósfai
Peter R. Buseck “Airborne
minerals and related
aerosol particles: Effects
on climate and the
environment” Proceedings
of the National Academy
of Sciences. 30 March,
1999. Web 6/14/2016.
Yan Huang ” Impact of
aerosol indirect effect on
surface temperature over
East Asia” Proceedings of
the National Academy of
Sciences. 14 March, 2006.
Web 6/14/2014.
The effects that
aerosols have on
greenhouse gases and
clouds
“Aerosols also act as
cloud condensation
nuclei (CCN) and
thereby modify the
radiative properties of
clouds.”
Aerosol can counteract
some of the
greenhouse affects.
Models are created to
help predict the
temperature and cloud
changes due to aerosol
emissions.
”The simulated changes
in cloud properties for
this period and region
consequent to the
inclusion of
anthropogenic aerosols
not only reduce the
daytime solar heating at
the surface but add to
the nighttime
downward long-wave
radiation, giving a
nighttime warming of
0.7°C and DTR decrease
of −0.7°C.”
Temperature changes
due to the changes in
radiation patterns due
to the clouds.
Yan Huang
Robert E. Dickinson
William L. Chameides
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Koren I “Aerosolinduced changes of
convective cloud anvils
produce strong climate
warming” ATMOS CHEM
PHYS. 2010. Web
6/14/2014
What aerosols
specifically do to
clouds to cause the
effects that can cause
climate changes.
Meinrat O. Andreae,
Chris D. Jones
Peter M. Cox
Meinrat O. Andreae
“Strong present-day
aerosol cooling implies a
hot future” Nature. 30
June 2005. Web
6/14/2014
The benefits and
negatives that aerosol
has had in the past and
present and the
uncertain future that it
presents.
D. M. Murphy,
“An observationally based
energy balance for the
Earth since 1950” Journal
of Geophysical Research:
Atmospheres (1984–2012)
Volume 114, Issue D17. 16
September 2009. Web
6/14/2014
Describes different
effects over time in
different environments
such as the ocean and
land as well as the
history of aerosols.
Koren I, Remer
L, Altaratz O,
Martins J,
David A
1. S. Solomon,
2. R. W. Portmann,
3. K. H. Rosenlof,
4. P. M. Forster,
5. T. Wong,
7

“The proposed chain of
events links
initial changes in the
size distribution of the
cloud’s droplets
to changes in the net
updraft velocities,
droplet growth rates,
cloud vertical
development and
precipitation in the
warm,
mixed and cold
phases.”
“Atmospheric aerosols
counteract the
warming effects of
anthropogenic
greenhouse gases by
an uncertain, but
potentially large,
amount.”
“The stratospheric
aerosol had declined
nearly to background
levels, yet surface
temperatures were still
reduced because of the
cooling after the
eruption of Mt.
Pinatubo. That means
that there was less
outgoing radiation,
giving an enhanced net
flow of energy to the
Earth.”
Facts, such as aerosols
can cause more
freezing inside the
clouds.
Describes the effects of
aerosols and
greenhouse gases with
graphs and
explanations.
Looks at the history of
aerosol use and the
effect on the climate
during that time.
8
Alt.