Culture and Life
• Number of languages
spoken makes it
difficult to unify
• Many different
religions
• Folk Art such as
pottery and
woodcarving
• Less urban than the
rest of Europe, but as
industry grows so do
its cities
• Much discrimination
and anti-Semitism
throughout the region
• Still trying to develop
democracy
Eastern Europe
• Cultural Crossroads for people moving between
Europe and Asia
• Ottoman Empire held this area from 1300s to
World War 1.
– Many countries tried to get out from under Ottoman
rule
– Balkanization refers to the process of a region
breaking up into small, mutually hostile units
– A Serb assassinating an Austrian started WW1
– Germany seizing Poland began WWII and after the
war Eastern Europe became a region of satellite
nations (nations dominated by another countryRussia)
Traditional Economy
• Goods and
services are
traded without
using money.
Market Economy
• Production of
goods and
services are
determined by
demand from
consumers.
Command Economy
• Soviet government took control of the
sources of the country’s wealth: land,
farms, mines, factories, banks
• The government decided what crops
farmers would grow and what price
merchants could charge (command
economy)
PLANNED E. vs.
• government
interference
• state-owned
companies
• central planning
• government
intervention
• communism
MARKET E.
• market mechanism
• market reliance
• privately-owned
companies
• privately-run
companies
• laissez-faire
Trans-boundary Pollution
Pollution that starts in one country and crosses boundaries into other countries
What Causes Desertification?
• Overgrazing / Poor
Grazing
Management
– Leads to compaction of
the soil.
– Destroys existing plant
matter.
– Does not allow the
fragile eco-system
enough time to recover.
Oil companies and government
officials not sharing the wealth.
• Curse of the Black Gold
(Click on video clip named “Oil rich, cash poor”)
•
•
•
•
Hot Temperature up to 122
Located in North Africa
Cold Temperature at nights during winter
One of the biggest deserts in the world
• Lineages
• Govern Themselves
Berlin Conference
• Held in 1884 – hosted by Germans
• Paved the way for Africa to be divided into
colonies
• The boundaries of many African countries
are a legacy of the Berlin Conference
• Geometric (and not ethnographic)
boundaries
APARTHEID
• A legal and geographical system of racial
separation and exclusion
A New Government
Nelson Mandela casts the first vote for the new government of South
Africa.
• ONE GOD
• Judaism, Christianity, and Islam
• Many Gods
• Hinduism, Buddhism
Keep Oil Prices Steady
India and Pakistan
(pär-t sh n)
n.
1.
a. The act or process of dividing something into parts.
b. The state of being so divided
par·ti·tion
Do you see any rain?
Advantages (Pros)
1. Flood Control.
Chinese officials note that the dam will relieve the danger of flooding.
2. Emissions reduction
Another advantage of the dam is to reduce emissions of sulphur dioxide and
carbon dioxide.
3. China is enforcing tight rules aimed at preventing construction work from causing
environmental pollution, while advanced facilities are being installed to treat
construction waste. By the year 2000, over 90 percent of waste water from
construction is expected to be treated.
Disadvantages (Cons)
1. Relocation
Chinese officials estimate that the reservoir will partially or completely inundate 2
cities, 11 counties, 140 towns, 326 townships, and 1351 villages. About 23800
hectares, more than 1.1 million people will have to be resettled.
2. It will threaten the river's wildlife. The dam will alter the natural environment, and
therefore, an almost infinite number of species will be affected by the project.
3. The Three Gorges project will submerge some of China's most famous historical
scenery and tourist sites.
4. The weight of millions of tons of water behind a dam can increase the chances
of an earthquake.
5. The dam will disrupt heavy silt flows in the river. It could cause rapid silt build-up
in the reservoir, creating an imbalance upstream, and depriving agricultural land
and fish downstream of essential nutrients.
Mao Zodong
Confucianism
Education
Order
Respect for
Parents
Taiwan
Antarctic Treaty of 1959
Bikini Atoll