Psychology Finals Review
Fall 2013
1. Observing subjects in their natural setting
without getting involved is called.
a.naturalistic observation.
b.participant observation.
c.correlation.
d.observer bias.
e.creepy.
2. Any factor that is able to change is called a
a.control factor.
b.placebo.
c.correlation.
d.variable.
e.experimental factor
3. When an investigator (you) manipulates one or more
factors to observe their effect (what they do) on
some behavior or mental process while controlling
other relevant factors by random assignment of
subjects, this is called a(n):
A. Case study
B. Experiment
C. Survey
D. Correlation
E. Naturalistic Observation
4. A hypothesis is a(n):
a. Testable prediction that gives direction to
research.
b. way to organize facts.
c. process of linking facts to deeper principles.
d. set of principles that explains newly discovered
facts.
e .passion to explore and understand without
misleading or being mislead
5. The following is an example of an operational
definition:
A. he is stressed and doesn’t adjust to his environment.
B. he engages in academic time by attending to
material and task, making the appropriate response,
and asking for assistance in an appropriate manner.
C. she shows empathy and can understand the other
person’s feelings.
D. all of the above.
E. none of the above.
6. Which of the following correlation
coefficients reflects the weakest correlation?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
+1.10
-.64
+.35
-.10
+.63
7. Consistently, we find low self-esteem is often
related with high levels of depression. This
means:
A. low self-esteem causes depression.
B. depression causes low self-esteem.
C. low self-esteem and depression are caused by a
third factor.
D. they are correlated but this does not prove
causation.
E. they prove causation due to their strength of
relationship.
8. Dr. Schulte wants to investigate if aggressive
behavior in children is increased if they view
violent videos. In this instance, the dependent
variable is:
a) violent videos.
b) aggressive behavior.
c) a placebo.
d) viewing the videos.
e) the children viewing the videos
9. In an experiment, the group of participants
who are NOT exposed to the treatment of
interest is in the:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
control group.
independent group.
placebo group.
experimental group
dependent group
10. Let’s say your hypothesis is that chocolate
causes violent behavior. What should you do first
clear up any questions about your hypothesis so
others know what you are trying to research?
a) Create an independent variable
b) Create an dependent variable
c) Identify any confounding variable
d) Operationally define these terms
e) Randomly assign your subjects
11. Most common type of study in psychology. It
measures correlation, it is cheap and fast, but
has a low-response rate would be known as
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
a survey.
a correlation.
a case study.
a naturalistic observation.
a experiment.
12. This describes the strength between two
variables.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
central tendency
frequency distribution
scatterplot
correlation coefficient
mean
13. Any research that observes, records and
does not talk about relationships, it just
describes it is called:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
illusory correlation.
experimental research
descriptive research
correlational research
replication
14 Mr. Soda found and was looking for in his experiment
that more Americans enjoyed Coke than Pepsi. He
blindfolded 100 people, had them taste each and then
report. For better and more accurate results to prove
Coke is better than Pepsi (though not true), you would
recommend that Mr. Soda:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
should use other colas, too.
should have tested non-Americans.
should test many more subjects.
should have some test 7-up.
incorrectly tell the subjects what they are tasting to see if
they agree.
15 Seeing what one expects to see such as
Students at Coastal Academy are “bad”. I knew it would
be that way. I saw children argue and threaten each
other, curse frequently, and disrespect their teachers
multiple times (never seen anyone do that at Glynn
Academy) What would this be called?
A. Reactivity
B. Observer bias
C. Hindsight bias
D. Anthropomorphizing
E. Overconfidence
16. Attributing one’s own mental states to those
studied—including non-human organisms and
artifacts is called:
A. Reactivity
B. Observer bias
C. Hawthorne effect
D. Anthropomorphizing
E. Barnum Effect
17. __________________ said our personality is
based on three structures, id, ego, and
superego..
A. Carl Rodgers
B. Sigmund Freud
C. Abraham Maslow
D. B.F. Skinner
E. William James
18. This researcher was considered the Mac
Daddy of Operant Conditioning. He was a
nurture guy through and through.
A. Carl Rodgers
B. John Watson
C. Wilhelm Wundt
D. B.F. Skinner
E. William James
19. __________________ was the leader in the
functionalist movement.
A. Wilhelm Wundt
B. Jean Piaget
C. Sir Francis Galton
D. William James
20 The first psychological laboratory was
established by:
A. Wilhelm Wundt.
B. Sigmund Freud.
C. John Locke.
D. B.F. Skinner.
E. William James
21. This psychologist stated that as humans we
need genuineness, acceptance and empathy
for us to grow.
A. Sigmund Freud
B. Wilhelm Wundt
C. John Watson
D. William James
E. Carl Rodgers
22. This psychologist studies the structure and
function of the brain as they relate to specific
psychological processes and behaviors.
A. Evolutionary Psychologist
B. Clinical Psychologist
C. Forensic Psychologist
D. Health Psychologist
E. Neuropsychologist
23. This psychologist focuses on how biological,
social and psychological things influence
physical well being.
A. Evolutionary Psychologist
B. Developmental Psychologist
C. Forensic Psychologist
D. Health Psychologist
E. Neuropsychologist.
24. The part of a sending neuron that is responsible
for the transmission (communication) of neural
messages to the other receiving neurons is called
the:
A. dendrites
B. synapse
C. neurotransmitters
D. axon terminal
E. cell body
25. Voluntary movements, such as writing with a
pencil, are direct by the:
A. sympathetic nervous system
B. parasympathetic nervous system
C. somatic nervous system
D. autonomic nervous system
E. endocrine system
26. Following a head injury, a person has ongoing
difficulties staying awake or paying attention.
Most likely, the damage occurred to the:
A. medulla
B. hippocampus
C. corpus callosum
D. reticular formation
E. cerebellum
27. What part of the brain is found at the base
of the brainstem and controls heartbeat and
breathing?
A. Pituitary gland
B. Medulla oblongata
C. Reticular formation
D. Cerebellum
E. Thalamus
28. The parietal lobes are to ____________ as
the temporal lobes are to _____________.
A. hearing; sensing movement
B. seeing; sensing touch
C. sensing pleasure; sensing pain
D. sensing touch; hearing
E. speaking; hearing
29. If you fell backwards and hit the back of your
head very hard on a concrete sidewalk (ouch!),
you can expect to have problems with which of
the following? (Hint: Think where the lobes are
located.)
A. tasting
B. thinking
C. seeing
D. hearing
E. talking
30. Damage to the temporal lobe of the brain
would be most harmful to the career of
A. a gymnast
B. an architect
C. a painter
D. a teacher
E. a musician
31. The knee-jerk reflex or pulling a hand from
a stove burner is controlled by interneurons in
the:
A. limbic system
B. spinal cord
C. brainstem
D. cerebellum
E. frontal lobe
32. Branching fibers extending out from the cell
body to receive information from other neurons
are called:
A. axons.
B. glial cells.
C. dendrites.
D. axon terminals.
E. neurotransmitters
33. What structure is found in the hindbrain?
A. Hippocampus
B. Cerebellum
C. Amygdala
D. Hypothalamus
E. Corpus callosum
34. The medulla oblongata is to the control of
____________ as the cerebellum is to the
control of ______________.
A. eating; sleeping
B. breathing; walking
C. emotion; motivation
D. memory; attention
E. hearing; seeing
35. So you got chopped blocked (yeah, I said
chopped blocked!!!!) in the back of your neck and
then you couldn’t make your facial expressions,
you may have damaged your:
A. medulla oblongata (cooool!!!!!).
B. pons.
C. cerebellum.
D. hypothalamus.
E. amygdala
36. When Coach Knowles brought the thunder, Ali
learned to fear volleyball spikes because of this
traumatic event. When Ali’s fear was acquired
there was probably a significant amount of neural
activity in
A. her amygdala
B. Wernicke’s area
C. her hypothalamus
D. her temporal lobe
E. her sensory cortex
37. After Sam’s stroke, he had difficulty hearing
and is unable to see as well. He likely had
damage to his:
A. occipital and frontal lobes.
B. frontal lobe and temporal lobes.
C. parietal and frontal lobes.
D. temporal and occipital lobes.
E. parietal and occipital lobes
38. In an attempt to look comfortable and relaxed as he
was speaking with his significant other (my extra ID),
Neil placed his hand casually down on the counter top,
but he misjudged his place in the kitchen and placed his
palm of his hand on a hot stove burner (a major loss of
cool points). His hand immediately recoiled before he
knew it was hot (but he would soon know). The
sequence of this reflex is:
A. motor neurons, interneurons, sensory neurons
B. sensory neurons, interneurons, motor neurons.
C. sensory neurons, motor neurons, interneurons.
D. interneurons, sensory neurons, motor neurons.
E. interneurons, motor neurons, sensory neurons.
39. The ability to voluntarily move your skeletal
muscles resides (located) in what system.
A. para-somatic nervous system
B. autonomic nervous system
C. somatic nervous system
D. sympathetic nervous system
E. parasympathetic nervous system
40. Dr. Knowles was conducting an experiment on the
effects of stimulating the rewards centers of a rat’s brain.
Inadvertently, he inserted an electrode into this part of
the brain causing the rat to attack his fellow rat mates.
The ensuing carnage (massacre) was epic, like a scene
from the movie 300.
A. thalamus
B. sensory cortex
C. amygdala
D. hypothalamus
E. hippocampus
41.Electroencephalogram
A.
(EEG)
42. Computerized
B.
Tomography (CT)
C.
43. Positron Emission
Tomography (PET Scan)
44. Magnetic Resonance D.
Imaging (MRI)
45. Functional Magnetic E.
Resonance Imaging
(fMRI)
More detailed picture of brain
using magnetic field to knock
electrons off axis.
A combination of these scans
Measures how much of a
chemical the brain is using
(usually glucose consumption)
when performing a task.
3D X-Ray of the brain. Good for
tumor locating, but tells us
nothing about function.
Detects brain waves through
their electrical output and is
used mainly in sleep research.
46. The best way to detect enlarged fluid-filled
brain regions in some patients who have
schizophrenia is to use a(n):
A. EEG
B. MRI
C. PET scan
D. Brain lesion
E. X-ray
47. An adolescent’s occasional impulsive and
immature behavior (Joe, that language was
uncalled for) is at least partly a reflection of the
last brain area to mature, the:
A. frontal cortex.
B. temporal lobes.
C. sensory cortex.
D. parietal lobes.
E. motor cortex
48. We have a 24 hour biological clock and our body
temperature and awareness changes throughout the
day. What is this called?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
daily regimens.
circadian rhythms.
sleep-wake cycles.
lunar cycles.
biological timer
49. Addiction and physical drug dependence
involves these two factors:
a. Tolerance and Withdrawal
b. Drug Type and Amount
c. Quantity and Frequency
d. Psycho-Activity and Abuse
e. Drug Type and Frequency
50. Which of the following is an amphetamine
that acts as a mild hallucinogen?
a. Marijuana
b. Nembutal
c. Ecstasy
d. LSD
e. Xanax
51. The large slow brain waves associated with
deep sleep are called:
a. Alpha Waves
b. Beta Waves
c. Delta Waves
d. Theta Waves
e. Sleep Spindles
52. Deep sleep appears to play an important
role in:
a. Viral Infections
b. Sleep Apnea
c. Paradoxical Sleep
d. Dissociation
e. Restoration
53. What part of the brain is responsible for the
neural impulses in Activation Synthesis
Theory of dreams
a. Medulla oblongata
b. Pons
c. Cerebellum
d. Forebrain
e. Hypothalamus
54. Dreams are a way to deal with the stresses
of everyday life is part of what dream
theory?
a. Information Processing
b. Wish Fulfillment
c. Activation Synthesis
d. Social Influence
e. Divided Consciousness
55. In this stage of sleep you can be easily
awaken, spout catchy phrases like,“I ain’t
sleep”, as well as have hallucinations, feel like
you’re falling, and be abducted by aliens.
a. Stage 1
b. Stage 2
c. Stage 3
d. Stage 4
e. REM Sleep
56. About three hours after he falls asleep, Coach
Knowles often sits up in bed screaming
incoherently (or singing like ODB (R.I.P. of Wu
Tang, I mean, what’s the difference, really?). His
wife tries to awaken him, but with no success.
His pulse races and he gasps for breath. The next
morning, he remembers nothing. It appears that
Knowles suffers from:
a. night terrors
b. narcolepsy
c. night rapping and “spitting hot fire”
d. sleep apnea
e. insomnia
57. This stage is often called paradoxical sleep
(internally aroused, but externally calm). Your
breathing, heart rate and brain wave activity
quicken.
a. Stage 1
b. Stage 2
c. Stage 3
d. Stage 4
e. REM Sleep
58. Hypnosis has been associated with quackery
(not respected, fake), thanks to the false
claims of “animal magnetism” made by:
a. Sigmund Freud
b. Ernst Hilgard
c. Martin Orne
d. William Dement
e. Anton Mesmer
59. Advocates (Supporters) of the social influence
theory of hypnosis are likely to argue that:
a. hypnosis is a unique state of consciousness
b. hypnotized people are simply enacting the role
of good hypnotic subjects
c. the process of dissociation best explains
hypnotic phenomena.
d. Most hypnotized people are consciously faking
hypnosis
e. Hypnotic susceptibility is positively correlated
with introversion.
60. Supposed inability to recall what one
experienced during hypnosis:
a. posthypnotic amnesia.
b. hypnotic amnesia.
c. command amnesia.
d. posthypnotic suggestion.
e. hypnotic suggestion
61.Alcohol consumption can make people
MORE:
a. Fearful (more afraid)
b. Timid (not aggressive)
c. self-conscious (embarrassed)
d. sexually inhibited (shy)
e. self-disclosing (TMI stories)
62. A brief 15- to 30-minute rush of euphoria
(joy) followed by a crash of agitated
depression is most closely associated with the
use of:
a. marijuana
b. cocaine
c. LSD
d. Barbiturates
e. Methamphetamine
63. An altered state of consciousness in which
people experience fantastic images
(hallucinations) and often feel separated from
their bodies is most closely associated with the
use of:
A. heroin
B. cocaine
C. barbiturates
D. marijuana
E. LSD
64. Repeated use of an opiate:
A. increases the brain’s reproduction of
endorphins.
B. decreases heart and breathing rates.
C. does not seem to be followed by serious
withdrawal symptoms.
D. triggers auditory as well as visual
hallucinations.
E. all of the above.
65. This drug stimulates neural activity for hours,
causing accelerated body functions and associated
energy and mood changes, with devastating effects.
A. Alcohol
B. LSD
C. Opiates
D. Amphetamines
E. Crack
66.Which of the following sleep disorders
would be the most incapacitating for a
commercial bus driver?
A. night terrors
B. insomnia
C. sleepwalking
D. narcolepsy
E. sleep apnea
67. How long does it take to pass through all five
sleep stages?
A. 50-60 minutes
B. 60-70 minutes
C. 70-80 minutes
D. 80-90 minutes
E. 90-100 minutes
68. The knee-jerk reflex or pulling a hand from a
stove burner is controlled by interneurons in
the:
A. limbic system
B. spinal cord
C. brainstem
D. cerebellum
E. frontal lobe
69.What part of the brain helps coordinate
voluntary movements and balance, also called
the “little brain”?
A. Pituitary gland
B. Medulla oblongata
C. Reticular formation
D. Cerebellum
E. Thalamus
70. This psychologist used the method of
introspection in his “research” to describe
conscious experiences.
A. Sigmund Freud
B. Wilhelm Wundt
C. John Watson
D. William James
E. Carl Rodgers
71. The muscle that adjusts the center of the
eye will change in light. This opening is called
___.
A.fovea
B.iris
C.Cornea
D.Pupil
E.lens
72. Analysis of the stimulus begins with the
sense receptors and works up to the level of
the brain and mind.
A.sensory processing.
B.bottom-up processing.
C.top down processing.
D.informational flow.
E.natural order integration.
73. A movie theater’s manager wants to sell
more popcorn by flashing subliminal advertising
during the previews. You tell him:
A.flash his ad with a soft drink.
B.he needs to do it several times.
C.he must accompany it with a bell.
D.the effects are subtle and fleeting.
E.subliminal persuasion does work.
74. In farsightedness, the light rays coming into
the eye:
A.fail to focus in the eye.
B.focus in front of the retina.
C.focus behind the retina.
D.always register as a blur.
E.are diverted by a defective cornea.
75. Information processing guided by higherlevel mental processes as we construct
perceptions, drawing on our experience and
expectations.
A.Bottom-up Processing
B.Top-Down Processing
C.Prosopagnosia
D.Psychophysics
E.Sensory Adaptation
76. Stimuli that are below one’s absolute
threshold, at times, beyond conscious
awareness.
A.Subliminal Threshold
B.Difference Threshold
C.Weber’s Law
D.Sensory Adaptation
E.Sensory Interaction
77. Although Troy was sitting right next to Aaron, he
smelled a “skunk” minutes before Aaron did (yeah
mmm hmmm, whoever smelt it, etc. etc.). Apparently,
Troy has a lower _________ for “skunk” odor than
Aaron.
A. accommodation level
B. absolute threshold
C. tolerance level
D. olfactory saturation level
E. sensory adaptation
78.You walk into G-Will’s house who owns 5 cats, and are
hit by a wall of stench that makes the skin on your face
peel. He says with a smile, “I don’t smell anything”. He
doesn’t like to change the cat box and his mom is out
of town. This is an example of :
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Subliminal Threshold
Difference Threshold
Weber’s Law
Sensory Adaptation
Sensory Interaction
79. The area of the retina where the optic nerve
leaves the eye is called the:
A) blind spot
B) iris
C) visual cortex
D) pupil
E) cornea
80. Which of the following is a binocular cue for the
perception of distance?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
interposition
convergence
closure
texture gradient
connectedness
81. Allison knew the red pencil was closer to her then
the yellow pencil because the red one cast a larger
retinal image than the yellow one. This illustrates the
importance of the distance cue know as:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
relative size
proximity
linear perspective
relative height
interposition
82. The convergence of parallel lines provides the
distance cues known as:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
interposition
convergence
relative height
linear perspective
continuity
83. In one experiment, most of the participants
who viewed a videotape of men tossing a
basketball remained unaware of a gorilla or
moonwalking bear sauntering (strolling) across
the screen (and let’s admit that this
“moonwalking” was suspect). This illustrated:
A. Perceptual constancy
B. Inattentional blindness
C. Retinal disparity
D. Stroboscopic movement
E. Selective attention
84. Distant sky was located closer to the top of
the artist’s canvas than were the nearby
mountains. The artist was clearly using the
distance cue known as:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Linear perspective
Texture gradient
Relative height
Relative clarity
Interposition
85. The steady increasing size of the retinal
image of an approaching object is especially
important for perceiving the object’s:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Shape
Relative clarity
Motion
Height
Weight
86. A bank teller was so distracted by the sight
of a bank robber’s weapon that she failed to
receive important features of the criminal’s
physical appearance (what he OR she looked
like).
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Visual capture
Perceptual set
Retinal disparity
Selective attention
The phi phenomenon
87. Which of the following is a cue that is being
misrepresented in this picture?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Convergence
Continuity
Interposition
Closure
Connectedness
88. When there is a conflict between bits of
information received by two or more senses,
which sense tends to dominate the others? In
other words, if there was a steel cage death match,
who would dominate
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Hearing
Vision
Small
Touch
Taste
89. Even though Aaron, Troy, and Michael were all
sitting behind the same bowling lane, Ali
perceived that they were all individuals trying to
bowl on the same lane. She said to herself,
“That’s really weird. Why are they all playing on
the same lane?? That would be awkward. This
best illustrates that Ali is unaware of the
organization principle of:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Proximity
Convergence
Closure
Continuity
Connectedness
90. Officer Joe is in a car chase when she views a
car entering her peripheral vision. This denotes
(shows) the importance of what sensory
receptors?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
binocular cues
fovea
cones
rods
monocular cues
91. As Farmer Andrew and infamous human beat box
enthusiast (nice combo) looked across the field, the
parallel rows of young corn plants appeared to
converge in the distance. This provided him with a
distance known as:
A. proximity
B. linear perspective
C. closure
D. continuity
E. interposition
92.Shockingly, those who talk, look at magazines,
lay their heads down on desks, and/or daydream
while Knowles lectures and find they haven’t
learned the material. This would best illustrates:
A. Visual capture
B. Perceptual set
C. Retinal disparity
D. The phi phenomenon
E. Selective attention
93.Blood sugar is too high, this may cause blood to
leak in the retina causing small hemorrhages
around the eye and loss of blood flow to the
retina. This may result in vision loss.
A. Cataracts
B. Conjunctivitis
C. Glaucoma
D. Retinal detachment
E. Diabetic Retinopathy
94.The process of encoding refers to:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
the persistence of learning over time
the recall of information previously learned
getting information into memory
the motivated forgetting of painful memories
a clear memory of an emotionally significant
event
95.Henry M had what kind of amnesia?
A. retrograde
B. anterograde
C. proactive
D. reactive
E. retroactive
96.When a person must identify an item
amongst other choices, this is called:
A. recall
B. relearning
C. retention
D. recognition
E. priming
97.Atkinson-Schiffrin’s classic three-stage model
of memory (1968) does not include:
A. short term memory
B. long term memory
C. sensory memory
D. working memory
E. all above are in the model at various stages
98. Organizing items into a familiar, manageable
unit is called:
•
a. linking method
•
b. chunking
•
c. hierarchy
•
d. method of loci
•
e. phonemic
99. Complex information broken down into
broad concepts and further subdivided into
categories and subcategories is called:
•
a. linking method
•
b. chunking
•
c. hierarchy
•
d. method of loci
•
e. phonemic
100. New information (Ice, Ice Baby) makes it harder to
recall something you learned (heard) earlier (Under
Pressure) is called ___________ interference. Example in
your notes:
- Learning French (oui),
- then Spanish (si),
- then doing poorly on a French test (no comprendo, that’s
why).
• a. retrograde
• b. anterograde
• c. proactive
• d. reactive
• e. retroactive
101. Remembering how to solve a jigsaw puzzle
without ANY conscious recollection that one
can do so best illustrates __________ memory
– a. semantic
– b. explicit
– c. flashbulb
– d. implicit
– e. sensory
102. Cerebellum is to _________ memory as
hippocampus is to _________ memory
• a. short term; long term
• b. long term; short term
• c. implicit; explicit
• d. explicit; implicit
• e. iconic; echoic
103. The duration of the working memory is
about how long (You are going to get this one
WRONG!!!!!!, insert maniacal laughter here) .
• a. 15 second
• b. 18 seconds
• c. 20 seconds
• d. 22 seconds
• e. 20 minutes
104. Making sense of information as meaningful
occurs in the process of ___ so that we may
store it in memory.
• a. construction
• b. flashbulb
• c. encoding
• d. sensory memory
• e. retrieval
105. Coach Knowles was trying to watch the last seconds of an
overtime thriller between the Celtics and the Lakers and his
wife, Jennifer was talking to him. She said, “You not even
listening to me”. Knowles replied with a shocked look and
repeated what she had just said word for word before her
accusation. Shortly thereafter, Knowles sustained minor injuries
to his shoulder and arm because of his inattention. His ability to
hear what his wife said and repeated it back to her without
paying attention is an example of sensory memory:
A) Iconic
B) Hepatic
C) Auditory
D) Echoic
E) Olfactory
106. Alan Baddeley (2002) stated working
memory contains _______ and
__________processing controlled by the
central executive.
A)Echoic; iconic
B)Visual; auditory
C)Visual; echoic
D)Iconic; auditory
E) Visual; hepatic
107. The “serial position effect” describes our
tendency to:
A)remember what we had for breakfast.
B)remember things when they are in numerical
order.
C)remember the first and last items of a list more
successfully.
D)remember the first items of the list more often
than the last ones.
E)remember the that we need to study over time
to retain the information more thoroughly.
108. Using a method such as, “one is a bun, two
is a shoe, etc.” to help you remember is a ____
device called a ____ system.
A. mnemonic; method of loci
B. mnemonic: chunking
C. mnemonic; linking method
D. mnemonic; peg word
E. mnemonic; acronyms
109. The ____ of the brain plays a major role in
the formation of new, explicit memories.
A. hippocampus
B. cerebellum
C. hypothalamus
D. amygdala
E. parital lobes
110. This does not necessarily results in longterm memory, involves shallow processing. It
involves continuously repeating the to-beremembered material.
A. method of loci
B. link method
C. elaborative rehearsal
D. maintenance rehearsal
E. mnemonics
111. Sperling (1960) studied sensory memory he
came to the conclusion that subjects had
100% recall when subjects were asked to
A. report all letters
B. partially report a certain line
C. partial report a certain line with time delay
D. 100% recall was not possible
E. Sensory memory does not have any memory
112.Logical, methodical step-by-step procedures
for solving problems are called:
a. heuristics.
b. semantics.
c. prototypes.
d. algorithms.
e. fixations.
113.A sudden realization of the solution to a
problem is called:
a) framing.
b) insight.
c) a heuristic.
d) belief perseverance.
e) an algorithm.
114.When given a candle, tacks, and a box of
matches and asked to mount the candle on a
wall, people often fail to think of using the
matchbox as a candleholder. This best
illustrates:
a) overconfidence.
b) functional fixedness.
c) confirmation bias.
d) the availability heuristic.
e) the framing effect.
115.Many people perceive carjackings as more
serious threats to their lives than failing to use
seatbelts because carjackings are so much
more memorable. This best illustrates the
importance of:
a) belief perseverance.
b) the representativeness heuristic.
c) confirmation bias.
d) the availability heuristic.
e) functional fixedness.
116.Herman Ebbinghaus showed this with his
forgetting curve. He stated poor durability of
stored memories leads to their decay. What is
this called?
a) proactive interference.
b) anterograde amnesia
c) retroactive interference.
d) retrograde amnesia.
e) transience
117.Mary was out of coffee filters. She did not
think of using a paper towel, so she went
without coffee. Her failure was one of:
a. representativeness heuristic.
b. algorithms.
c. functional fixedness.
d. availability heuristic.
e. mental set.
118.Labeling mass killings as a “population
reduction” would not sound as awful as the
word “genocide” This is an example of:
a) belief perseverance.
b) framing.
c) overconfidence.
d) exaggerated fear.
e) belief bias
119. Because of the _____________________, a
newborn who is touched anywhere around
the mouth will move her head and mouth
toward the source of the touch.
a. Grasping reflex
b. Rooting reflex
c. Maturation
d. Startle reflex
e. Babinski reflex
120. The development of the brain unfolds
based on genetic instructions, causing various
bodily and mental functions to occur in
sequence— standing before walking, babbling
before talking—this is called
a. Habituation
b. Dishabituation
c. Maturation
d. Accommodation
e. Assimilation
121. In _________________, adults are the
bosses and children have no right to question
their parents.
a. Democratic families
b. Authoritarian families
c. Permissive families
d. Authoritative families
e. Laissez-faire families
122. A young child who sees a cow for the first
time calls it a "doggie." This illustrates the
process of:
a. accommodation.
b. object permanence.
c. conservation.
d. reversible thinking.
e. assimilation.
123. A response to a touch on the palm of the
hand is called _____________.
a. Grasping reflex
b. Rooting reflex
c. Maturation
d. Startle reflex
e. Babinski reflex
124. The first stage in Jean Piaget's stages of
cognitive development is the ___ stage.
a. concrete operations
b. preoperational
c. sensorimotor
d. formal operations
e. conservation
125. The adjustment of one’s schema to include
newly observed events and experiences is
called _______________.
a. conservation
b. object permanence
c. assimilation
d. accommodation
e. imprinting
126. When a child can understand
abstract ideas, they have reached this
cognitive stage?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
concrete operations
preoperational
sensorimotor
formal operations
conservation
127. The developing brain overproduces neurons
peaking around 28 billion at 7 months while in utero.
When the child is born, they are then pruned to 23
billion. This process called ____________
(programmed cell death).
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
mitosis
accommodation
teratogen
apoptosis
farfegnugen
128. Mrs. Pearson cut Judy’s hot dog into eight pieces
and Sylvia’s into six pieces. Sylvia cried because she
felt she wasn’t getting as much hot dog as Judy.
Piaget would say that Sylvia doesn’t understand the
principle of:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
object permanence
conservation
assimilation
egocentrism
accommodation
129. An adolescent’s occasional impulsive and
immature behavior is at least partly a reflection of
the last brain area to mature (i.e., What part is
involved in judgment and decision making), the:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
frontal cortex.
temporal lobes.
sensory cortex.
parietal lobes.
motor cortex
130. Though considered unusual, a baby, in response
to a loud sound, will display the __________ reflex
where their appendages fly outward.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Grasping
Rooting
Maturation
Moro
Babinski
131. Mr. and Mrs. Knowles can’t wait to begin
toilet training their year-old daughter. The
Knowles most clearly need to be informed about
the importance of:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
accommodation
imprinting
attachment
habituation
maturation
132. Karen Wynn (1992) discovered that by
showing possible and impossible outcomes that
five month old infants
A. understand that objects are distinct entities
with boundaries
B. are capable of addition and subtraction
C. understand the basic properties of objects
D. are capable of conservation
E. are able to perform some concrete
operational thought.
133. When an attachment figures is not
responsive their children, those children will
have a hierarchy of attachment behaviors
develop due to increasing fear and anxiety.
Which behavior on this list is NOT part of this
hierarchy?
A. Visual checking
B. Signaling to re-establish contact
C. Calling and Pleading
D. Withdrawn
E. Moving to re-establish contact
134.If the attachment figure is consistently
detached, inattentive, and unresponsive
to their child, the child will more than
likely be?
A. preoccupied with the attachment
figure
B. avoidant of contact
C. clinging
D. anxious
135. According to Freud, children develop
unconscious sexual desires for the parent
of the opposite sex during the _______
stage.
A. oral
B. genital
C. phallic
D. anal
E. latency
136. Freud referred to a lingering focus of
pleasure-seeking energies at an earlier
psychosexual stage as:
A. reaction formation.
B. projection.
C. fixation.
D. displacement.
E. repression.
137. _________is the fear of strangers that
develops at around 8 months. Infants
form schemas for familiar faces and
cannot __________ a new face
A. Stranger anxiety; assimilate
B. Stranger anxiety; accommodate
C. Insecure attachment; assimilate
D. Insecure attachment; accommodate.
138. According to Erik Erikson’s
Psychosocial Stages of Development,
adolescence must deal with the
psychosocial conflict of:
A. trust vs. mistrust.
B. identity vs. role confusion.
C. industry vs. inferiority.
D. initiative vs. guilt.
E. autonomy vs. shame and doubt
139. In _________________, adults
develop a parenting style in which
children only follow what the rules are
and the children have no say (“My way or
the highway”).
A. Democratic families
B. Authoritative families
C. Permissive families
D. Laissez-faire families
E. Authoritarian families
140. This psychologist studied object
permanence in child as young as 3 months in
age with this experiment.
a) Rovee-Collier
b) Renee’ Baillargeon
c) Philip Zimbardo
d) Jacob Knowlton
e) Martin Tealmen
141. In this picture, what factor should be
considered in determining if this type of
behavior is categorized outside the norm?
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Time period
Ethnicity
Race
Environment
Culture
142. In the 1800’s, disturbed people were no
longer thought of as madmen, but as mentally
ill. They were first put in hospitals. Early
mental hospitals were nothing more than
barbaric prisons. Who was the French doctor
who was the first to say take the chains off
and declare these people are sick. He said to
talk to them, be active, and trade brutality for
gentleness.
a)
b)
c)
d)
Philip Zimbardo
Sigmund Freud
Jean Piaget
Phillip Pinel
143. DSM V does NOT
a) classify disorders and describe the
symptoms.
b) explain the causes or possible cures.
c) help healthcare professionals when
communicating with one another and
establishing therapy.
d) have critics that argue that labels may
stigmatize individuals.
e) have a new edition coming out in this month
144. If a person is diagnosed with a Personality
Disorder, this would be listed on the DSM-V
on:
a) Axis I.
b) Axis II.
c) Axis III.
d) Axis IV.
e) Axis V.
145. Feelings of high energy where people get
(over)confident, some get irritable, some do
risky behavior all describe what type of
behavior.
a) Depression
b) Manic
c) Manic and Depression
d) Somatoform Disorder
e) Seasonal Affective Disorder
146. Dracula sent his minion to bite the kneck of Knowles.
That night, Knowles was bitten and fell into a coma like
state. He was buried and arose 3 days later,
a full-fledged vampire. Evaluating his situation, he realized this
would not be a good situation for him because he had a
phobia of blood and closed spaces (so much for the sleeping
in the coffin). He put on some sun glasses and walked
outside into the noon day sun. What two phobias did he suffer
from?
A. Agoraphobia, claustrophobia
B. Hemophobia, claustrophobia
C. Claustrophobia, altophobia
D. Hemophobia, Agoraphobia
E. Hemophobia, Altophobia
147. In treating mental health issues, this type of
will try to change the way we view the world
(change our schemas) is called:
A. Somatic Therapy
B. Psychoanalytic
C. Cognitive
D. Behavioral
E. Psychosurgery
148. Aversive (making one dislike) Conditioning,
Systematic desensitization and Flooding all fall
under what type of therapy
A. Somatic Therapy
B. Psychoanalytic
C. Cognitive
D. Behavioral
E. Psychosurgery
149. This picture (of two Stitchs kissing a baby)
would be an example of this assessment?
A. Theme Perception Test
B. Rorschach Test
C. DSM IV
D. Thematic Apperception Test
E. Personality Test
150. This picture (a woman discreetly examining
a scab on her knee) would be an example of this
assessment?
A. Theme Perception Test
B. Rorschach Test
C. DSM IV
D. Thematic Apperception Test
E. Personality Test