Daily Opener
Presentations?
Major Drug Types and
their effects (copy
chart on page 147,
color code)
 Biofeedback
 Try it
 Quizlet on terms
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HW due on MondayDream Log (record 3
dreams in detail, you
can use past dreams, or
someone else’s
dreams. We will
analyze this in class!)
 Test on Thur./Fri. – Ch.
5
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________________
 Alcohol
 Narcotics
______________________
 Nicotine
 Amphetamines
 Cocaine
 caffeine
________________________
 Marijuana
Mushrooms

What are you aware of right now?
Find a psychology book and turn to page 147 and copy the chart.
This paper will go into your notes section for this chapter.

By yourself:
 Read pages 126-127
 Answer the What do you think questions on a
sheet of paper

With a Partner:
 Research Biofeedback on an iPad
 Only use credible sources
 Record a summary of biofeedback on the same
sheet of paper
 What are your thoughts on biofeedback?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ttnfrj2vo
FI
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NXbGjk
V0UYU
Several meanings
Takes several forms

Read pages 126-127
Answer Questions 1 and 2
Think/Pair/Share
Whole Class Share
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Quizlet Ch. 5 -
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If it were not for cues such as the sunrise and
sunset, people would act as if a day were 25
hours long.
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If it were not for cues such as the sunrise and
sunset, people would act as if a day were 25
hours long.

For reasons not fully understood, however,
people may be more suited to a 25 hour day.
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The only time people dream is just before
they wake up.
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The only time people dream is just before
they wake up.
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It is possible to hypnotize any person at any
time.
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It is possible to hypnotize any person at any
time.
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People who are drunk always know that they
are drunk.
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People who are drunk always know that they
are drunk.

Smoking leads to more deaths in the U.S.
than automobile accidents on.

Smoking leads to more deaths in the U.S.
than automobile accidents.

1 out of 5 deaths in the US caused by
smoking.
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Sensory awareness is an awareness of the
environment.
Direct inner awareness allows people to
remember and to think about feelings to
abstract ideas.
Consciousness is also a sense of self as a
unique individual.
Consciousness means the awareness of
things that are both inside and outside
ourselves
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The focusing of attention on a particular
stimulus
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For example, to pay attention in class, you
must screen out the rustling of paper and the
scraping of chairs.
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Conscious Level
Preconscious Level
Unconscious Level
Nonconscious Level
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Perceptions
Thoughts
1.
2.
You arrive at the Homecoming game and
have a seat in the bleachers. You accidently
fall asleep. What disorder do you likely have?
You can’t sleep even though you are really
tired. What disorder do you likely have?
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At the preconscious level, information that a
person might not be thinking of can be
recalled if necessary.
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Memories
Stored knowledge
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At the unconscious level, information is not
usually available to consciousness.
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Selfish needs
Violent motives
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Immoral urges, fears, irrational wishes,
shameful experiences, unacceptable desires

Conscious
level
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Preconscious
level
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Unconscious
level
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Freud’s book The Interpretation of Dreams
(1899)
http://www.biography.com/people/sigmundfreud-9302400
Freud argued that dreams express
unconscious wishes.

In his book, The Interpretation of Dreams,
Freud argues that dreams express
______________ _____________.

Turn in your dreams to Mrs. Cleveland’s desk.
Turn in your book to page 132.
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Many of our basic biological needs that
people cannot bring into awareness are at the
nonconscious level
Fingernails and hair growing
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When a person’s sense of self or sense of the
world changes
Sleeping, drugs
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List different types of consciousness and
explain one.
When you wake up, do you ever feel like you
just fell asleep?
Is it easy to wake up sometimes?
Is it extremely difficult to wake up sometimes?
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We spend about 1/3rd of our life asleep.

Much of how people, animals, and plants
function is governed by circadian rhythms, or
biological clocks.
24 hours
But without cues, human rhythms expand to
25 hours.
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Sleep occurs in 5 stages.
Sleep stages are determined by brain wave
patterns that can be measured by an EEG.
Brain waves are cyclical, and they vary on the
basis of whether we are awake, relaxed, or
sleeping.
4 different brain wave patterns include the
following – beta waves, alpha waves, theta
waves, and delta waves.
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When we are awake and alert, the brain emits
beta waves, which are short and quick.
As we become drowsy, the brain waves
slowly move from beta to alpha waves.
 May experience visual images such as flashes of
color or sensations such as feeling as if we are
falling. This state is followed by the five stages of
sleep.
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Stage 1 – lightest, 30-40 minutes
brain waves slow down from alpha rhythm to
the slower pattern of the theta waves
May be accompanied by brief images that
resemble vivid photographs
B/c stage 1 is a light sleep, if you wake up, you
will probably recall these images and feel as if
we have not slept at all
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Then, we go through Stages 2,3,4
In stages 3 & 4 sleep is deep and the brain
produces delta waves – the slowest of the
four patterns
Stage 4 is the deepest sleep and one has the
most difficulty waking during it.
After around 30 minutes in stage 4, people go
back through 3,2,1. About 90 minutes has
passed now and then something strange
happens.
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Suddenly, we breathe more irregularly, blood
pressure rises, and the heart beats faster.
Brain waves similar to stage 1.
REM – eyes move rapidly beneath your
eyelids, heart beats faster, blood pressure
rises
During a typical 8 hour night, most people go
through these stages about 5 times.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VA4n1_
U_XlE
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Sleep helps revive tired bodies.
People deprived of sleep become irritable and
have speech problems and memory lapses.
Freud theorized that
dreams reveal
unconscious wishes
and urges.
 According to the
biopsychological
approach, dreams
occur because neurons
fire in different parts of
the brain.

How many times does the average person go
through the sleep cycle at night?
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Insomnia
Nightmares
Night terrors
Sleepwalking
Sleep apnea
Narcolepsy
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X2yfUL8
uct0
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Inability to sleep
Occur during REM
sleep towards the end
of the sleep cycle
 You can often recall.
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-usually happen in stage
3 or 4 sleep
-You might sit up in bed,
talk incoherently,
thrash about.
-Memories are vague.
-occurs earlier in the
sleep cycle
Roam about during
stages of deep sleep
 Myth of extreme
violence if woken up
has not been proved.
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Briefly stop breathing
during sleep
Sit up and gasp for air
Person often not aware
of it
Feels tired during the
day
Associated with
obesity
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Fall suddenly and unexpectedly asleep
Go to REM sleep
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8QBgLG
00sAQ
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https://create.kahoot.it/?deviceId=2f9c22f3b49a-4f4a-b5c923614449b8bd#quiz/73769f12-faed-40ca839f-040d720f9289
Which sleep disorder is this:
Fall suddenly and unexpectedly asleep
Go to REM sleep
To Do:
 Fill out your exemption form (Write down the class
period and circle yes or no) and turn in to Mrs.
Cleveland’s desk.
 Turn in your daily openers to Mrs. Cleveland’s desk.
 Get out an iPad (or your own computer) and log in
to the class website.
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Altered states of consciousness can occur through these methods
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A method some people use to try to narrow
their consciousness in order for stresses to
fade away
 Egypt – gazed upon an oil burning lamp
 Repeat mantras – om or sheereem (mentally
focus on these sounds)
 Focus on peaceful, repetitive stimulus
 Important to some religions – Buddhism
 Research shows – can lower blood pressure, heart
and respiration rate
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System that provides or ‘feeds back’
information about something happening in
the body
People have learned to control certain bodily
functions, such as heart rate
Has been used to treat tensions headaches
and help with ADHD
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4Sin4QR
4cwo
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Hypnos – sleep
Altered state of consciousness during which
people respond to suggestions and behave as
though they are in a trance
Frank Mesmer – Austrian physician, late
1700s, mesmerize
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Buv006D4vM
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Used to reduce anxiety, manage pain, or
overcome fear
Anesthetic in certain types of surgery
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Professional hypnotists – suggest the
person’s arms and legs are becoming warm,
heavy, and relaxed
May tell people they are becoming sleepy or
are falling asleep
Hypnotic suggestibility
Vivid imaginations – especially suggestible
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List 4 sleep problems.
Describe 2 of them.
What are examples of altered states of
consciousness?

http://app.discoveryeducation.com/player/vie
w/assetGuid/83457D45-1F55-4CD2-B8E65EE8379E61EF

Follows Robin Williams and a team of medical experts as they take
a scientific look at the true effects of drugs on the body. The
program profiles four of the most most widely used drugs in
America: heroin, cocaine, meth, and marijuana. Witness what
happens as drug addicts are faced with a variety of physical and
mental challenges.
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Drugs have a wide range of effects
Addiction to a drug means that after a person
takes that drug for a while, his or her body
craves it just to feel normal.
Depressants
 Alcohol
 Narcotics
 Stimulants
 Nicotine
 Amphetamines
 Cocaine
 caffeine
 Hallucinogens
 Marijuana
Mushrooms
 LSD
Ecstasy
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Mescaline
Peyote
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Drugs that slow the activity of the nervous
system
Give people a sense of relaxation
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Alcohol – widely used in US
Small amounts – relaxing
High doses- put to sleep
Too much – lethal
Intoxication = drunkenness
 Slurred words, blurs vision, makes them clumsy,
hard to concentrate
Withdrawal symptoms – tension and trembling
(facts - http://www.cdc.gov/motorvehiclesafety/impaired_driving/impaireddrv_factsheet.html )
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Every day, almost 30 people in the United
States die in motor vehicle crashes that
involve an alcohol-impaired driver.
This amounts to one death every 51 minutes.
The annual cost of alcohol-related crashes
totals more than $59 billion.
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Morphine, heroin, codeine - derived from
opium poppy plant
Morphine – introduced during Civil War to
deaden pain from battle wounds – “soldier’s
disease”
Heroin – gives user feeling of pleasure
High doses can lead to death
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Withdrawal symptoms may include tremors,
cramps, chills, rapid heartbeat, insomnia,
vomiting, and diarrhea
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Increase the activity of the nervous system
Speed up heart and breathing rate
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The drug found in tobacco leaves
Spurs release of the hormone adrenaline,
which causes the heart rate to increase
Reduces appetite and raises the rate at which
the body changes food to energy.
Withdrawal symptoms
 nervousness
 Drowsiness
 Loss of energy
 Headaches
 Lightheadedness
 Insomnia
 Dizziness
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Cramps
Heart palpitations
Tremors
Sweating
 from smoking-
related
diseases.
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This is more than the
number who die from
motor-vehicle
accidents, abuse of
alcohol and all other
drugs, suicide,
homicide, and AIDs
combined.
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Helping people stay awake and reducing
appetite
First used by soldiers during WWII to help
remain awake and alert during the night.
Sometimes called speed or uppers
Can produce feelings of pleasure
Pills or injections
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Highs can last days, then there is a crash.
People sleep, become depressed, and even
commit suicide during the crash.
Hallucination – perception of an object or a
sound that seems real but is not
▪ bugs crawling all over them
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Delusion – false idea that seems real
▪ flying
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Cocaine is derived from the coca plant
Feelings of pleasure, reduces hunger,
deadens pain, and boosts self-confidence
Raises blood pressure, decreases supply of
oxygen, can lead to death
Has been used as a painkiller since early
1800s
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Sigmund Freud loved it before he realized
how addictive it is.
Crack
 Especially harmful
 More addictive
 Unpure
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Drug that produces hallucinations
May cause feelings of relaxation, pleasure, or
panic
 Marijuana
 LSD
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Impairs perception and coordination
Hash – comes from sticky part of plant and is
stronger
Raises heart beat to 150-160 beats a minute,
raises blood pressure
100 years ago, it was used like aspirin is used
today.
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b/c of adverse health effects, it is now illegal
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Lysergic acid diethylamide
Sometimes called acid
Produces intense hallucinations
Not predictable
Often frightening
Long lasting effects like: memory loss, violent
outbursts, nightmares, and feelings of panic
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Detoxification
Maintenance programs
Counseling
Support groups

What is a system that provides or ‘feeds back’
information about something happening in
the body ?

What is REM sleep and what occurs during it?