a.
i.
ii.
Greatest examples of religious feelings were found in churches
1.
Built in the Gothic style
Churches were taller and brighter than earlier churches

1.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Flying Buttress
Most important advance
New type of support i.
ii.
Supported church was from outside
Allowed for higher ceilings
Will give church a more airy feeling i.
ii.
Allowed for larger windows
Churches hire artists to create stain glass windows
Showed scenes from the Bible or depicted lives of the saints

iv. Churches were decorated inside and out
1.
a.
b.
Exterior
Had statues of saints, kings and figures of the old testament i.
Gargoyles
Craved in the likeness of hideous beasts and served as water spouts to drain water from the roof

a.
i.
ii.
Number of decorative elements
Murals were used to depict religious scenes
Candleholders, crosses and statues were decorated with gold and precious stones

i.
1.
Process of decorating manuscripts with pictures and designs
One common technique was to decorate the first letter on the page

i.
ii.
iii.
Large woven hangings
Hung in castles to prevent drafts
Showed scenes of daily life or fantastic creatures like dragons or unicorns

a.
i.
ii.
Religious Texts
Create all sorts of works, from sermons about how people should live to interpretations of passages from the Bible
1.
2.
3.
Hildegard of Bingen
A nun and medieval poet
Wrote dozens of poems and music to accompany them
Wrote in Latin

i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
Long poems that tell stories of heroes and villains
Works differ in their subject matter
Often performed by wandering singers called troubadours
These poems were written in the vernacular (common language)

c. Major Works i.
1.
Geoffrey Chaucer a.
b.
c.
He wrote the
Canterbury Tales
Characters come from a wide rage of social backgrounds
His descriptions help historians know what life was like for people during the middle ages
Wrote in English and help spread the language in England

ii. Dante Alighieri
1.
a.
He wrote The Devine
Comedy
Book is composed of three parts: Inferno,
Purgatory, and
Paradise b.
c.
d.
Tells the story of the magical trip he made through the afterlife
The poet Virgil acts as his guide for part of the trip
His writing led to the increase of Italian

a.
i.
ii.
iii.
People began to conduct experiments
Practiced an early form of chemistry called alchemy
Gained practical experience in chemical reactions

i.
ii.
iii.
Helped increase the flow of Greek learning into
Europe
1.
Liberal arts
Study of Latin grammar, rhetoric, logic, geometry, arithmetic, astronomy and music
Also taught theology, medicine and law

c. Thomas Aquinas i.
ii.
iii.
Taught at the
University of Paris
Argued that both reason and faith were necessary for understanding truth
1.
His approach was called Scholasticism
Tried to show that
Christian teachings were also knowable and provable through the use of logic

http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/ancient/buildi ng-gothic-cathedrals.html