HEALTHY PREGNANCY
Chapter 5-1
Early Signs of Pregnancy
A. Missed Period
B. Full feeling or mild ache in lower abdomen
C. Feeling tired or light headed
D. Frequent need to urinate
E. Swollen breasts
F. Nausea or vomiting
A doctor will perform tests to
confirm.
If you think you are pregnant - try
a home pregnancy test and SEE
A DOCTOR !!!!!!!
Medical Care During
Pregnancy
Doctors Obstetrician - a medical doctor who
specializes in the care of pregnant women
and delivering babies.
Gynecologist - a medical doctor who
specializes in diseases and routine physical
care of the reproductive systems of women.
OB-GYN - a medical doctor who is both an
obstetrician and a gynecologist - specializes
in delivering babies and women’s health.
Certified Nurse-Midwife (CNM) - a
medical nurse who is certified and
trained to care for women with low-risk
pregnancies and to deliver babies.
In most states, they work under
the supervision of an obstetrician.
They are preferred by some
women because of their respect
for the natural process of
childbirth - they are less likely to
suggest pain-relieving drugs and
other medical interventions
unless they are truly necessary.
Discomforts of Pregnancy
A. Nausea/Vomiting - usually stops by 4th month - can
happen any time of day.
B. Sleepiness - Hormones during early preg. and at end.
C. Heartburn - has nothing to do with your heart, indigestion
- tell doctor for safe relief.
D. Shortness of breath - pressure on the lungs - later in
pregnancy.
E. Varicose veins - swollen, twisted enlarged veins - get
exercise - rest with legs elevated, wear support stockings.
F. Muscle Cramps in Legs - gentle stretches, rest, diet rich in
calcium and potassium.
G. Lower Back Pain - Wear low heeled shoes, lift correctly
(with legs), exercise.
Serious Complications - If these occur - call
your doctor!
1. Vaginal bleeding
2. Unusual weight gain or loss
3. Thirsty a lot
4. Problems urinating
5. Severe abdominal pain
6. Headaches
7. Severe vomiting
8. Fever
9. Increased vaginal mucus
10. Swelling of face, hands, or ankles
11. Blurred vision or dizziness
12. Prolonged backache
Nutrition During Pregnancy
Nutrients
 Protein
 Vitamins
 Minerals
 Carbohydrates & Fats
Proteins
 Meat, fish, poultry, dried beans, nuts, eggs,
milk and cheese.
 Growth and development of bones and
teeth in baby
 Keeps mothers body in good condition
 Need more protein than before they were
pregnant
Vitamins
 Supplements only with doctors approval
 Deficiencies can lead to birth defects

Not enough folic acid can lead to spina bifida
 Vitamin A – eye development
 Vitamin B – general fetal development
 Vitamin C – builds healthy teeth and gums
 Vitamin D – aids in creation of bones and
teeth
 Fresh fruits and veggies, whole grain bread,
cereal, fortified milk and dairy products
Minerals
 Produce strong bones and teeth
 Ensures regular elimination of waste
 Iron – Prevents anemia

Helps baby develop its own blood supply

Extra stored in baby’s liver

Sources – dried beans, raisins, dates, meat,
leafy green veggies
 Calcium & Phosphorus

Work together – mom’s bones and teeth
strong. Build baby.

Sources – milk and dairy products
Carbohydrates and Fats
 Provide energy
 Sources – Whole grain bread, cereal, fruit,
starchy veggies, and sugar in moderation
 Foods high in fat should be avoided
Making Wise Food Choices
Guidelines for Healthy Eating

Focus on fruits




Vary your veggies

Dark greens – broccoli, kale, leafy greens

Orange – carrots, sweet potatoes, pumpkin, squash

Beans and peas – pinto, kidney, black beans, garbanzo, split peas and lentils
Get calcium rich foods

Low fat or fat free milk

Yogurt

Cheese
Make half of your grains whole


Fresh, canned, frozen, etc.
“Whole” should be listed in ingredients
Go lean with protein

Lean meat and poultry – Bake, broil, or grill

Vary your choices!
Pregnant Mothers

300 extra calories/day

6-11 servings of whole grains

5 servings fruits & veggies

Orange and leafy green veggies – folic acid

3-4 servings of proteins

6-8 glasses of water

AVOID




Supplements
Raw eggs, unpasteurized milk and cheese
Alcohol
Smoke
Nutrition and Pregnant Teens
 Teens bodies are still developing
 Pregnancy adds additional drain
 Many teens eat high calorie, low nutrient
foods
Special Diets
 Mom is lactose intolerant
 Sugar in milk causes upset stomach
 Lactase – found in yogurt, helps body digest
lactose
 Vegetarians
 Be sure you get protein

Tofu

Soybean products

Dried beans, nuts, peanut butter
Weight gain
 Typically 24-30 pounds
 Month 1-3
 Little gain, sometimes a little loss
 Month 4-6
 About ½ pound per week
 See chart pg. 156
Personal Care &
Activities
 Get plenty of rest, exercise, and practice
good hygiene
 Continue with normal activities – use
moderation
 Maternity Clothes
 4th or 5th month
 Looser clothes

Pants – stretch panel

Tops – looser

Choose clothes that will fit in 9th month
Emotional Health
 Stress Reduction Techniques
 Avoid sugary foods and caffeine
 Exercise – stretching & moderate physical activity
 Taking a break – relax & enjoy a favorite activity
 Practice Relaxing Techniques – breathing and
visualization
 Talking to supportive friends and family
 Taking a class for expectant mothers
Missing Journals?
 Monday 11/24 – 11/26
 Write 5 things you are thankful for each day!
 Monday 12/01 – What are ways you have seen
pregnant women take care of themselves?