Chapter 4 Questions
True/False
Indicate whether the statement is true or false.
____
1. All flowers are large and brightly colored.
____
2. Most flowers that open at night have strong scents.
____
3. Some flowers have no smell.
____
4. Asexual reproduction of a plant produces many different-looking forms of that plant.
____
5. Female cones may stay on a gymnosperm plant for more than one year.
____
6. The sporophyte stage of a plant's life cycle has structures made of diploid cells.
____
7. Spores are part of the gametophyte stage of a plant's life cycle.
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____
____
8. ____, or the development of a seed into a new plant, begins when water is absorbed into the seed.
a. Pollination
c. Fertilization
b. Germination
d. none of the above
9. Which of the following represents asexual reproduction of a plant?
a. a sprouting acorn
c. planting coleus clippings
b. a fern growing from a prothallus
d. a field of wheat
Matching
Match each term with the correct description below.
a. gametophyte
b. sporophyte
c. meiosis
____ 10. process by which haploid cells are formed
____ 11. produces sex cells
____ 12. produces spores
Match each term with the correct letter in Figure 10-2.
Figure 10–2
____
____
____
____
____
____
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
embryo
sporophyte
developing spores
gametophytes
sex cells
zygote
Match each term with the correct description below.
a. rhizome
b. frond
c. sori
____ 19. leaf of a fern
____ 20. underground stem of a fern
____ 21. spore-producing structures on the underside of a fern leaf
Match each term with the correct description below.
a. ovary
i. pistil
b. endosperm
j. pollen grains
c. sepals
k. seed coat
d. stamen
l. style
e. pollination
m. stigma
f. pollen tube
n. ovules
g. flower
o. anther
h. filament
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
grows from a pollen grain to an ovule
female reproductive organ of a flower
the stalk part of the stamen
tissue in wheat seed where food is stored
where pollen grains form
contains the reproductive organ of an angiosperm
has a water-resistant covering and gametophyte parts that can produce sperm
small, green, leaflike parts that cover flower buds
transfer of pollen grains from stamen to ovules
male reproductive organ of a flower
protects the embryo
where the eggs of gymnosperms and angiosperms are produced
the part of the pistil between the ovary and stigma
where pollination takes place
swollen base of pistil where ovules form
Completion
Complete each statement.
37. Fern fronds grow from underground stems called ____________________.
38. A(n) ____________________ is a structure within a seed that stores food for plants like beans and peanuts.
Figure 10-1
39. Structure A in Figure 10-1 is a(n) ____________________.
40. Structure B in Figure 10-1 is a(n) ____________________.
41. Structure C in Figure 10-1 is a(n) ____________________.
42. Structure D in Figure 10-1 is a(n) ____________________.
43. Structure E in Figure 10-1 is a(n) ____________________.
Short Answer
44. Fern life cycles are similar to moss life cycles, and both are seedless plants. Why are ferns not classified as
mosses?
45. Identify these plant parts with the organism they are part of by filling in either moss, fern, or both: rhizoid,
prothallus, rhizome, frond, sori, spores, sporophyte, gametophyte.
46. Describe the life cycle of a fern.
47. Use the letters A through G to place the following steps of the life cycle of mosses in order, beginning with
the production of spores.
A spores land on soil and germinate into thin, threadlike, green structures
B small gametophytes grow along threadlike structure
C male sex cells swim to female sex cells
D spores produced by meiosis in sporophyte
E zygotes develop into new sporophytes
F gametophytes produce sex cells
G sex cells unite to form diploid zygotes
48. Why are flowers often brightly colored with attractive scents?
49. Name three ways seeds can be dispersed.
50. Under what conditions could a seed remain dormant for long periods of time?
51. To what two senses do flowers appeal in order to attract insects, birds, and animals?
52. The word gymnosperm means “naked seed” How do gymnosperms differ from angiosperms?
53. Why are spores important to seedless plants?
54. Why do the flowers of wheat and other grasses not have bright colors or strong odors?
55. Why are spores important to plants like mosses and ferns?
Chapter 4 Questions
Answer Section
TRUE/FALSE
1. ANS:
STA:
2. ANS:
STA:
3. ANS:
STA:
4. ANS:
STA:
5. ANS:
STA:
6. ANS:
STA:
7. ANS:
STA:
F
6-2.4
T
6-2.4
T
6-2.4
F
6-2.6
T
6-2.3
T
6-2.5
T
6-2.5
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 7/3
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 7/3
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 7/3
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 1/1
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 6/3
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 2/1
PTS: 1
DIF: A
OBJ: 2/1
B
6-2.5
C
6-2.6
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 6/3
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 1/1
10. ANS:
STA:
11. ANS:
STA:
12. ANS:
STA:
C
6-2.5 | 6-2.6
A
6-2.5 | 6-2.6
B
6-2.5 | 6-2.6
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 2/1
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 2/1
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 2/1
13. ANS:
STA:
14. ANS:
STA:
15. ANS:
STA:
16. ANS:
STA:
17. ANS:
STA:
18. ANS:
C
PTS:
6-2.4 | 6-2.5 | 6-2.6
E
PTS:
6-2.4 | 6-2.5 | 6-2.6
F
PTS:
6-2.4 | 6-2.5 | 6-2.6
A
PTS:
6-2.4 | 6-2.5 | 6-2.6
B
PTS:
6-2.4 | 6-2.5 | 6-2.6
D
PTS:
1
DIF: B
OBJ: 3/2
1
DIF: B
OBJ: 3/2
1
DIF: B
OBJ: 3/2
1
DIF: B
OBJ: 3/2
1
DIF: B
OBJ: 3/2
1
DIF: B
OBJ: 3/2
MULTIPLE CHOICE
8. ANS:
STA:
9. ANS:
STA:
MATCHING
STA: 6-2.4 | 6-2.5 | 6-2.6
19. ANS:
STA:
20. ANS:
STA:
21. ANS:
STA:
B
6-2.3
A
6-2.3
C
6-2.3
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 5/2
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 5/2
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 5/2
22. ANS:
STA:
23. ANS:
STA:
24. ANS:
STA:
25. ANS:
STA:
26. ANS:
STA:
27. ANS:
STA:
28. ANS:
STA:
29. ANS:
STA:
30. ANS:
STA:
31. ANS:
STA:
32. ANS:
STA:
33. ANS:
STA:
34. ANS:
STA:
35. ANS:
STA:
36. ANS:
STA:
F
6-2.4 | 6-2.5
I
6-2.4 | 6-2.5
H
6-2.4 | 6-2.5
B
6-2.4 | 6-2.5
O
6-2.4 | 6-2.5
G
6-2.4 | 6-2.5
J
6-2.4 | 6-2.5
C
6-2.4 | 6-2.5
E
6-2.4 | 6-2.5
D
6-2.4 | 6-2.5
K
6-2.4 | 6-2.5
N
6-2.4 | 6-2.5
L
6-2.4 | 6-2.5
M
6-2.4 | 6-2.5
A
6-2.4 | 6-2.5
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 7/3
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 7/3
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 7/3
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 7/3
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 7/3
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 7/3
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 7/3
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 7/3
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 7/3
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 7/3
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 7/3
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 7/3
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 7/3
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 7/3
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 7/3
DIF: B
OBJ: 3/2
STA: 6-2.3
DIF: B
OBJ: 6/3
STA: 6-2.3
COMPLETION
37. ANS: rhizomes
PTS: 1
38. ANS: cotyledon
PTS: 1
39. ANS: petal
PTS: 1
40. ANS: pistil
DIF: B
OBJ: 7/3
STA: 6-2.4
PTS: 1
41. ANS: stamen
DIF: B
OBJ: 7/3
STA: 6-2.4
PTS: 1
42. ANS: ovary
DIF: B
OBJ: 7/3
STA: 6-2.4
PTS: 1
43. ANS: sepal
DIF: B
OBJ: 7/3
STA: 6-2.4
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 7/3
STA: 6-2.4
SHORT ANSWER
44. ANS:
Ferns have vascular tissue.
PTS: 1
DIF: A
OBJ: 3/2
STA: 6-2.3
45. ANS:
moss—(none); fern—prothallus, rhizome, frond, sori; both—spores, sporophyte, gametophyte
PTS: 1
DIF: A
OBJ: 3/2
STA: 6-2.3
46. ANS:
Ferns produce spores in sori. The spores germinate into a prothallus. The prothallus produces sex cells. The
sex cells unite to form a zygote. The zygote develops into a sporophyte.
PTS: 1
47. ANS:
D, A, B, F, C, G, E
DIF: A
OBJ: 5/2
STA: 6-2.3
PTS: 1
DIF: A
OBJ: 3/2
48. ANS:
to lure insects and other animals that help pollinate flowers
STA: 6-2.3
PTS: 1
DIF: A
OBJ: 7/3
49. ANS:
gravity, water, wind, animals, some plants eject seeds
STA: 6-2.4
PTS: 1
DIF: A
OBJ: 8/3
50. ANS:
if there is no water available for germination
STA: 6-2.5
PTS: 1
DIF: A
OBJ: 8/3
STA: 6-2.8
51. ANS:
Flowers use color and odor to appeal to the senses of sight and smell.
PTS: 1
DIF: A
OBJ: 7/3
STA: 6-2.4
52. ANS:
Angiosperm seeds are protected by a fruit. Gymnosperm seeds are not.
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 6/3
STA: 6-2.3
53. ANS:
Seedless plants do not have seeds for reproduction; they rely on spores that grow into plants that produce sex
cells.
PTS: 1
DIF: A
OBJ: 4/2
STA: 6-2.3
54. ANS:
Wheat and other grasses depend on the wind, rather than insects, birds, and animals, for pollen dispersal.
PTS: 1
DIF: A
OBJ: 8/3
55. ANS:
Spores can grow into plants that will produce sex cells.
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 4/2
STA: 6-2.4
STA: 6-2.3