“Free Choice”
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William A. Albrecht, PhD
1888 - 1974
Dr. Wm. Albrecht has been widely
acclaimed as the Father of
Modern Soil Science. In the
1940’s, his research at the
University of Missouri
investigated the relationship
between soil minerals and animal
health. He established the
concept that it takes healthy soil
to have healthy plants, and
healthy plants to have healthy
animals.
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One of Dr. Albrecht’s favorite bits of advice
was
“Observe nature and study books, if they do not
agree, throw away the books.”
Good advice … even today!
Dr. Albrecht’s view of the relationship
between minerals in the soils and in animals
is displayed in the next slide.
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Mineral Wheel
Mineral Interrelationships in Animals
Based on research by several investigators, these mineral
interrelationships have been well established.
How to Interpret
the Mineral Wheel
The arrows indicate the
relationship between
the minerals. If a
mineral has an arrow
pointing to another
mineral, it indicates
that mineral is a
requirement for
absorption.
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TCI
Talbot-Carlson, Inc.
A pioneer in the industry
In 1957, using Dr. Albrecht’s findings, Tully
Talbot started TCI and developed a free
choice mineral feeding system for livestock.
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His first application was for Horses.
One instance that illustrates the advantage is an
Appaloosa gelding that participated in a two thousand
mile endurance race. The horse covered fifty miles per
day and never missed a day. He was the only one that
achieved this accomplishment in that particular race.
This horse was on the free-choice minerals the entire
trip, allowing him to adjust his Cation/Anion balance,
and balance his nutritional needs to maintain his
workload with different grasses and water every day.
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This technology was
then successfully
adapted to beef, dairy,
horse, sheep and goats.
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IDM
InDividual Minerals
Bill Johnson
After Tully Talbot passed away, the
company was dissolved.
A few years later, Bill Johnson, the General
Manager of the old TCI company, resurrected the
concept of individual free choice minerals and
continued to develop and refine the technology
under the logo of IDM.
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IDM was very successful in introducing
this concept to mega-dairies in California.
These dairies were fed truck-farm
processing waste; for instance, tomato
rinds would be fed in the morning and
carrot tops in the afternoon.
With the free choice system, he was able
to maintain a rolling herd average of
70 to 100 lbs. of milk.
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In 1988, Helfter Enterprises, Inc., dba
Advanced Biological Concepts®, started
manufacturing the product line for IDM.
Eventually, Bill Johnson retired and
Advanced Biological Concepts® purchased IDM.
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Advanced Biological Concepts® compiled a
computer database which included water
analysis, feed, and various environmental data
from its customer base. This data quickly
revealed that water had a tremendous affect on
the consumption of free choice minerals.
It became obvious that water has to be
classified as a premier nutrient and must be
considered as a major component in the ration.
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Water stands alone as the
most important nutrient.
For every 1 lb. of dry matter,
3 lbs. of water should be consumed.
Milk is 87% Water
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Water is to a feed ration, what soil
is to a fertilizer program.
No one would consider formulating a soil
amendment (fertilizer) program without a soil
test. Why would anyone formulate a ration
without a water test?
All water is not the same!
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Feeding Free Choice Minerals has
Affects on Many Levels.
• It allows the animal to balance
nutritional minerals and trace minerals
• It allows the animal to balance the
Cation/Anion charge in feed
• It allows the animal to balance the
Cation/Anion charge in water
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Cationic Charges
Over the last two years, research has been
on-going in the development and perfection of a
free-choice or a force fed Cation/Anion
formulation,
marketed as C/A
Fortifier®,
C/A Fortifier®, provides a concentrated source of
available charges for the animal to adjust their
Cationic balance. It is critical to animal health to
have a cationic balance.
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Cation/Anion Imbalance
What does it mean to your bottom line?
If a dairy cow has a 10% Cation/Anion
imbalance, that results in a 10%
production decrease.
Only 90% of the genetic potential is realized.
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Over the years, the data revealed that in addition to
water and feedstuffs, there are other influences that
affect the health and consumption of minerals. These
things were identified as:
Environmental Influences on
Cationic Charges
•
•
•
•
•
•
High Voltage Transmission Power Lines
Ley Lines
Underground Gas Lines
Underground Streams
Stray Voltage
Electromagnetic Fields
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Factors Affecting
Cationic Charges on Feedstuffs
•
•
•
•
•
•
Hammermilling of Feedstuffs
Mechanical Drying
Storage in Electromagnetic Fields
Environmental Heat
Augers or Mixers Rotating in the wrong
Direction (Improper Vortex)
GMO Feedstuffs
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Factors Affecting Cationic Charges
on Water
• Pumping
• Storage and Plumbing Contamination
• Passing Water Near or Through
Electromagnetic Fields
• Bacterial Contamination
• Plastic or Galvanized Tanks (Zinc?)
• Natural Geologic Events like Earthquakes
• Chlorine
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Cationic Changes
Water is a conductor in the body and is a vehicle
through which the body communicates and
transfers nutrients. Cationic balance of the water
is critical for full genetic potential, and each stage
of life has a different cationic charge.
For example, the ideal Cation/Anion difference in
the lactating dairy cow is 30-40 mE
(milliequivalents) and -12 to -8 for prefresh cows.
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Advanced Biological Concepts® has developed
a spreadsheet from our database and
experience that addresses the genetic
nutritional requirements for dairy herds.
Our Goal:
To maximize the use of on-farm feedstuffs and
minimize purchasing of commodities.
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Comments:
Date: 4-14-08
Customer Number: 0123
Customer Name: John Doe
Phone Number:
Fax:
Species: Beef
Dairy X
Sheep
Swine
Other
No. of Animals:
Age:
Breed:
Weight: 1400#
Condition: Thin ___ Avg. ___ Fat ___
Purpose of Feeding: Milk X
Beef
Grow Finish Breed Pounds of Gain per Day:
Feedstuffs In Short Supply:
Stray Voltage:
Lay Lines:
High Power Lines:
Underground Streams:
Pounds of Milk / Day:
52
Kcal Needed 1100# Cow:
37.336
April 14, 2008
Lactation ME Cation 30-40
ME /
LBS
LBS
Feedstuff
as is % D.M. D.M.
Corn Silage 63% Moisture
25
0.25
Distillers Grains Corn
0
94
0
Corn Grain Ground
0
90
0
30% Moisture Corn
14
65
9.1
Shelled Corn
0
87
0
Oats
0
90
0
Barley
0
90
0
Soybean Meal 46.5%
0
88
0
Full Fat Soybeans 38%
0
90
0
Cottonseed Whole w/lint
0
90
0
Linseed Meal
0
90
0
Alfalfa Haylage
0
50
0
Alfalfa Hay
5
86
4.3
Baylage
43
77
33.11
Prairie Plants (MW)
0
91
0
Corn Stalks
0
90
0
Orchard Grass/Fresh MidBloom
0
27
0
Orchard Grass Hay
0
90
0
Timothy Grass/Fresh MidBloom
0
29
0
Timothy Grass/Hay MidBloom
0
89
0
Beet Pulp
0
91
0
Meat/Bone Meal 50%
0
93
0
Urea
0
0.1
0
Porcine Blood Meal
0
89
0
Totals
DUA - pounds per ton
*1/2 oz per cow per day
87
3.5
112
0.02
0
0
0.12
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.35
2.65
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
LBS
Ash
1.13
0
0
0.18
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.4
3.44
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3.14
5.15
LBS of
% Ash Mineral
4.5
2.4
1.25
1.25
1.25
2.5
4.6
6
4.5
6
6
8
8
8
7.2
6
2.1
9.1
1.9
4.6
4.4
33
4.4
46.76
Calorie
s Mcal
0.76
0.96
1.57
1.57
1.57
1.25
0.71
1.55
1.65
1.08
0.85
0.89
0.89
0.89
0.67
0.65
0.25
0.88
0.27
0.78
0.86
1.05
1.2
Kcal/
%
LBS
100gm
Lb
Protein Protein ME/LB
DM
0.19
7
0.02 14.17
3.55
0
23
0
-16.82
0
0
10
0
-4.3
0
14.29
10
0.91
-4.3 -39.13
0
10
0
-4.3
0
0
12
0
-4.65
0
0
11.7
0
0
0
46.5
0
38.06
0
0
38
0
19.29
0
0
41
0
2.21
0
0
32
0
14.61
0
0
20
0
72.1
0
3.83
16
0.69 85.15 366.15
29.47
25
8.28 85.15 2819.3
0
5.8
0
45
0
0
4
0
0
0
2.8
0
19
0
0
7.6
0
19
0
0
2.7
0
20
0
0
7.2
0
20
0
0
9.7
0
32.57
0
0
50
0
281
0
0
6.25
0
0
0
0
80
0
36.5
0
47.78
10.444
9.9
67.37
Water ME/liter 5.67
Total
73.04
38.04
Cow Weight =
1400
Cow Weight x 4% BW = DM
Organic Grain: Cow Weight x 3.5% BW = DM
Dry Matter Needed (lbs)
Protein Needed (lbs)
% Protein - Total Ration 21.17
49
5.6
% Protein
Total Ration
Lbs. DM
fed
Lbs. Milk
per day
21.17 %
46.76 lbs.
52 lbs.
Additional Products being used
Agri-King Mineral 150#
Redmond Salt 740#
Vitamin E 24#
Selplex Selenium 80#
Magnesium Oxide 150#
-2.24
Cation
Anion
Sodium Bicarbonate 260#
XP-4 106#
Dical Phosphate 333#
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Comments:
Date: 5-30-08
Customer Number:0123
Customer Name: John Doe
Phone Number:
Fax:
Species: Beef
Dairy X
Sheep
Swine
Other
No. of Animals:
Age:
Breed:
Weight: 1400#
Condition: Thin ___ Avg. ___ Fat ___
Purpose of Feeding: Milk X
Beef
Grow Finish Breed Pounds of Gain per Day:
Feedstuffs In Short Supply:
Stray Voltage:
Lay Lines:
High Power Lines:
Underground Streams:
Pounds of Milk / Day:
62
Kcal Needed 1100# Cow: 44.516
LBS
LBS
Feedstuff
as is % D.M. D.M.
Corn Silage 63% Moisture
11
37
4.07
Distillers Grains Corn
0
94
0
Corn Grain Ground
0
90
0
35% Moisture Corn
0
65
0
Shelled Corn
16
87
13.92
Oats
0
90
0
Alfalfa Haylage
0
50
0
Alfalfa Hay (dry)
18
86
15.48
Alfalfa Blooming (fresh)
5.3
23.8
1.27
Alfalfa Late Vegetative (fresh)
3.9
23.2
0.91
Prairie Plants (MW)
3.9
91
3.55
Alsike Clover (fresh)
3.9
18.9
0.74
Birdsfoot trefoil (fresh)
3.9
19.3
0.76
Birdsfoot trefoil (dry)
0
90
0
Brome (fresh)
0
26.1
0
Brome (dry)
0
90
0
Ladino Clover (fresh)
3.9
19.6
0.77
Ladino Clover (dry)
0
90
0
Reeds Canary (fresh)
3.9
22.8
0.89
Reeds Canary (dry)
0
90
0
Red Clover (fresh)
3.9
19.6
0.77
Red Clover (dry)
0
90
0
Timothy Grass/Fresh MidBloom
0
29
0
Timothy Grass/Hay MidBloom
3
89
2.67
Beet Pulp
0
91
0
Meat/Bone Meal 50%
0
93
0
Urea
0
0.1
0
Porcine Blood Meal
0
89
0
Totals
DUA - per ton
C/A Fortifer per ton
LBS of
% Ash Mineral
4.5
2.4
1.25
1.25
1.25
2.5
8
8
2.6
2.4
7.2
2.4
2.2
2.2
2.7
2.7
2.3
2.3
2.3
2.3
2
2
1.9
4.6
4.4
33
4.4
80.6
45.8
12 oz *1/2 oz per cow per day
1.5
Cow Weight =
1400
Cow Weight x 4% BW = DM
Organic Grain: Cow Weight x 3.5% BW = DM
Dry Matter Needed (lbs)
Protein Needed (lbs)
Mineral Needed (lbs)
49
5.6
1.26
0.19
0
0
0
0.18
0
0
1.24
0.04
0.03
0.26
0.02
0.02
0
0
0
0.02
0
0.03
0
0.02
0
0
0.13
0
0
0
0
2.18
112
LBS
Ash
0.5
0
0
0
0.2
0
0
1.44
0.14
0.09
0.28
0.09
0.09
0
0
0
0.09
0
0.09
0
0.08
0
0
0.14
0
0
0
0
3.23
Kcal/
Lb
0.76
0.96
1.57
1.57
1.57
1.25
0.89
0.89
0.25
0.31
0.67
0.21
0.19
0.19
0.31
0.31
0.22
0.22
0.26
0.26
0.22
0.22
0.27
0.78
0.86
1.05
1.2
May 30, 2008
Lactation ME Cation 30-40
ME /
MCal/
%
LBS
100gm
DM
Protein Protein ME/LB
DM
3.1
0
0
0
21.86
0
0
13.78
0.32
0.29
2.38
0.16
0.15
0
0
0
0.17
0
0.24
0
0.17
0
0
2.09
0
0
0
0
44.71
0.194
7
23
10
10
10
12
20
16
4.6
5.1
5.8
4.5
4
20.6
5.6
21.3
5
26
3.9
17
4.1
20.8
2.7
7.2
9.7
50
6.25
80
0.29
0
0
0
1.4
0
0
2.48
0.06
0.05
0.21
0.04
0.04
0
0
0
0.04
0
0.04
0
0.04
0
0
0.2
0
0
0
0
14.17 57.68
-16.82
0
-4.3
0
-4.3
0
-4.3 -59.86
-4.65
0
72.1
0
85.15 1318.1
36
45.72
32
29.12
45
159.75
22
16.28
34
25.84
34
0
25
0
25
0
26
20.02
26
0
21
18.69
21
0
38
29.26
38
0
20
0
20
53.4
32.57
0
281
0
0
0
36.5
0
4.89
37.43
Water ME/liter 5.67
Total
43.1
% Protein
Total Ration 10.68%
Lbs. DM
fed
45.8 lbs.
Lbs. Milk
per day
62 lbs.
Eliminated 8
Supplements
& Pre-mixes
-3.2
% Protein - Total Ration 10.68
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What does this Spreadsheet do?
It provides a format to adjust 7 key areas:
1. Calories
2. Proteins
3. Fiber
4. Minerals
5. Vitamins
6. Cation/Anion Balance
7. Management Protocol
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How to get started:
•
•
•
•
•
Water sample from where animals drink
Current Nutritional Ration & Inputs
Information on herd health & production
Homegrown feedstuffs available
Feedstuffs available for purchase
•Number of Head
•Tie Stall
•TMR
•Cow Weight
•Parlor
•Housing
•Production Groups
•Grazers
•Environmental Issues
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When herds have adequate time to
adjust, benefits are:
• An improvement in fertility
• Lower somatic cell count
• Continuous improvements in health and
production to meet genetic potential
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All images and content Copyright© 2006-2008 by Helfter Feeds, Inc.®
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D.U.A.™
DAIRY COWS:
LACTATING COWS: Top Dress ½ Ounce / Head / Day
DRY COWS:
Add 2 Pounds Per Ton of Grain
CALVES:
Add 5 Pounds Per Ton of Complete Feed
BEEF CATTLE:
Top Dress ¼ Ounce / Head / Day Add 2 Pounds Per Ton Of Grain
Receiving:
Top Dress ½ Ounce Per Head Per Day for 14 Days
POULTRY:
SILAGE:
Add 2 Pounds Per Ton Complete Feed
Add 4 Pounds to Starter Rations
Add 2 Pounds Per Ton of Corn
Silage or Haylage
SWINE
ADD 3 Pounds Per Ton Of COMPLETE FINISHING Rations
ADD 5 Pounds Per Ton Of COMPLETE GROWER and LACTATION Rations
ADD 7 Pounds Per Ton Of COMPLETE STARTER and GESTATION Rations
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D.U.A.™
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D.U.A.
™
Digestion Utilization Absorption
D.U.A.™ increases the availability
of homegrown feedstuffs, such as:
• Protein
• Minerals
• Vitamins
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Available in pelleted form for
top-dressing applications for:
•Calves
•Beef Cattle
•Dairy Cattle
•Pig Starter
•Sows
•Llamas
•Sheep
•Emus
•Goats
•Alpacas
•Chickens
794ORG50BAG
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ABC Team
Jim Helfter
CEO
35 Years Experience
Antibiotic &
Hormone Free
Livestock Nutrition
Dr. Richard
Holliday
Senior Veterinary
Consultant
Kendra Helfter
Gordy Jordahl
Research,
Formulator,
Water Physiologist
Customer Service
All images and content Copyright© 2006-2008 by Helfter Feeds, Inc.®
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Dedicated to Bill Johnson
June 13, 1933 – October 19, 2008
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Free Choice Starter Kit
15 Hole Mineral Feeder including
12 Free Choice Minerals
Item # - 15 Hole Mineral Feeder
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To Be Released Soon…
Proprietary herbal formula that
boosts the immune system,
increases feed efficiency, and
enhances physiological activity
within dairy cow that results in an
added benefits of milk productions.
All images and content Copyright© 2006-2008 by Helfter Feeds, Inc.®
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