Let’s Move Ahead Again … Vocab Section 1.ABERRATION Read as A+ BERRA(a deaf person) which is an abnormality. SYNONYMS Abnormality, Eccentricity, Irregularity, Deviation, Distortion, Quirk USAGE Jane's negative comments about her teacher were an aberration, because she normally speaks of him in glowing terms. The police say that last week's robbery was an aberration, because the neighborhood has always been very safe. 2. Abase Read as “Ab”(away) + Base If you do not see the base or support carefully and sit, you will fall and that is disgraceful. SYNONYMS Dishonor, Demean, Shame, Disgrace, Lower, Belittle The father abased the boy by scolding him badly. Because of his inability to achieve his own life-long goals, the father abased his children whenever they failed. 3.QUANDARY READ AS LAUNDRY So many clothes lying, which one to wash first….CONFUSION. SYNONYMS ANTONYM Dilemma, Doubt, Complexity, Problem, Enigma Certainty The CEO found himself in a quandary: the company was losing money, but he couldn’t break the union contract and lay off workers. (dilemma, predicament) I've had two great offers, and I'm still in a quandary over which one to accept. (uncertainty, perplexity) I have a major quandary: I am dating two great girls and both want to have an exclusive relationship with me. (perplexity, problem) 4. INDUSTRIOUS Industrious rhymes with INDUSTRY. For profits, in an industry we need hardworking people. SYNONYMS Sedulous Dynamic Tireless Patient Active Enterprising A farmer had two sons both of whom were very industrious and never avoided work. We never miss a chance to laugh at a donkey, but we should never forget that it is the most industrious animal. His industrious devotion to the project resulted in a quick turnaround with virtually no errors. Not only is she a genius, but also an industrious student who never wavers from her commitment to excel. 5. INDOLENT Indolent = In + dolna (in Hindi meaning moving) i.e., not moving or LAZY ANTONYM SYNONYM Sluggish, Lazy, Lethargic, Otiose, Slothful, Laggard Industrious, dynamic She gave an indolent shrug and continued to stare at the television. (disinterested, apathetic) Her indolence made it clear that she didn’t have any passion or enthusiasm for her job. (laziness, apathy) Garfield is a notoriously indolent comic cat who loves to eat and sleep. 6. UNRULY UNRULY = UN (not) + RULE i.e., having no rule or not in discipline, ungovernable. SYNONYMS difficult to manage, rule, or discipline, disobedient, disorderly, ornery, rebellious, uncontrollable, wild The unruly passenger was escorted off the plane. (disorderly, disobedient, uncontrollable) The unruly students nearly caused the substitute teacher to have a nervous breakdown. (disorderly, wild, uncontrollable) ANTONYM Obedient, wellbehaved I was taken aback to see such an unruly infuriated crowd. 7.TRACTABLE Read as Tractor + Able – The barren land becomes manageable because a Tractor is a farm machine which is able to do the job. I have always found horses, an animal I am attached to, very tractable when treated with humanity and steadiness. SYNONYMS Submissive Docile Malleable Pliant Willing Obedient Manageable Ductile Willing ANTONYMS Intractable Stubborn Uncontrollable The loud and outspoken secretary was replaced by a more tractable one. (compliant, amenable, submissive) My car problems were not as tractable as I had originally thought, and instead of trying to have them fixed, I sold the car and bought a new one. 8.ENSNARE You happen to see a snake…… Your immediate reaction…. SYNONYMS Snare Capture Catch Decoy Waylay Entangle Ambush Bait CATC H this sick animal and... Usage Her beauty ensnared him. At the Center Stage Mall, a family was ensnared in the elevator. The Geese and the Cranes were feeding in the same meadow, when a bird catcher came to ensnare them in his nets. 9.BOLSTER Read as BOL (in Hindi) + STAR Have you heard the star Shahid Kapoor Bol in “Jab We Met”? What is he doing? Encouraging or Boosting Kareena SYNONYMS to lift up, encourage, support, raise, increase, Long round pillow, cushion The campaigners set out to bolster their candidate's public image. (raise, increase, boost) The athlete surged ahead to win the race, bolstered by applause and cheers from the spectators. (encouraged) The doctor said that I should get a bolster to help with my back pain. (support, supportive pillow) ANTONYMS Undermine, weaken, discourage I purchased a set of bolsters for my house. 10.DANK Remember a water TANK from DANK that spills water and dampens the surface. SYNONYMS unpleasantly damp and cold moist, wet, damp, chilly, clammy The cellar's dank atmosphere gave Juliet the creeps, and she shivered in her thin sweater. (damp and cold) The dankness of the building is a health hazard; residents should be provided with dehumidifiers and space heaters. (dampness, wetness) ANTONYMS Dry, warm, cozy The dank atmosphere of the old church did not make it a pleasant place to worship. 11.JOCOSE Read as JOKE + US He is very humorous, he keeps telling good jokes to us everyday. SYNONYMS Jocund Jovial Funny Humorous Philip was nervous, but tried to hide the fact by a jocose manner. When Adam was marching along the lanes, with his basket of tools over his shoulder, he caught the sound of jocose talk and ringing laughter from behind the hedges. ANTONYMS Serious Humorless In the office, Ellie's lively, jocose personality keeps everyone smiling and upbeat. 12. ABATE If I can keep away from eating, I can decrease my weight!!! Read as Ab (away) + ATE SYNONYMS Slacken Decrease lessen Cool Temper Reduce Suppress The violent storm has unexpectedly abated and the weather is fine now. I hope the heavy downpour should abate in a short while and then we can resume our journey. ANTONYMS Increase The sun was sure to abate the water level in the jar. 13.ABNEGATE Read as Ab(away) + No + Gate I went away from the gate and said NO to the luxuries of my house and thus surrendered the rights. SYNONYMS To give up (rights or a claim); renounce. To deny (something) to oneself Refuse, curb, hold, control, check Surrender, give up, Renounce The minister abnegated the luxuries of life. The King abnegated his power to the ministers. The last Taleban fighters finally abnegated. Abnegate your anger, it can cause negative effects at times. The religion allowed the tribal members to abnegate their gods. 14.COMPLIANCE Compliance rhymes with COMPLAN. If you adhere to your mother and drink Complain, you’ll grow up fit and strong. SYNONYMS the act of obedience to order or law; the act of surrendering power to another, deference, conformity, yielding ANTONYMS The released offender's compliance with her parole officer was to her benefit. (conformity, deference) If you don't comply with the rules of the house, you'll be punished. (adhere to, conform) Noncompliance Disobedience Nonconformity I acted in compliance with your request. 15. ACQUIESCE Acquiesce: The first word that comes to mind is QUIZ A quiz always has certain rules and guidelines that one has to agree in order to play. SYNONYMS To agree or give consent, assent, comply, consent, concede, concur They were compelled to acquiesce in a government which they did not regard as just. I hoped my boss would acquiesce to my request for an extended vacation. (agree, consent) There was a nod of acquiescence from the board members as the CEO outlined his plan for the coming year. ANTONYMS object, protest, differ, dissent The singing maestro acquiesced to the request for singing the song again. 16. VITIATE Read as We two Ate. We two are good at eating bribes! Are we CORRUPT? SYNONYMS To corrupt morally; debase. corrupt, debase, debauch, demoralize,deprave misdirect, pervert, profane, subvert In certain circumstances the decision of the Tribunal in not vitiated. The lion roared so angrily, that it vitiated the peace of the jungle. Mr. John suddenly walked into the conference room which vitiated the proceedings of the conference. Both the parties suffered from some major flaws which appear to have the effect of vitiating the whole process. 17. VENT He went out of the trap through a small outlet. SYNONYMS outlet, opening, hole, split, aperture express, release, voice, air, empty, utter, emit, come out with, give expression to ANTONYMS Hold back Consumers vented their anger on the group by boycotting its products. I felt sad because I found my little child to vent out my frustration. She gave vent to her misery and loneliness by spending her weekends at an orphanage nearby. There was no vent in the room from where the smoke could pass out , I felt choked. 18. UNILATERAL Read as UNI (one) + Late (in hindi meaning to sleep) i.e., to sleep on one-side. SYNONYMS ANTONYMS Relating to or affecting one side. Obligating only one of two or more parties, Having leaves, flowers, or other parts on one side only Multilateral, Bilateral, manysided That country's forces operated unilaterally, without the help of armed forces from other nations. (independently) You can’t make unilateral decisions without consulting the group. (one-sided, independent) The CEO made a unilateral decision, without the approval of the board of directors. (one-sided) We often make unilateral decisions without consulting our parent company because they take too long to respond to our questions. 19. SOLILOQUY Read as SOLE + GUY : A sole and lonely guy usually keeps talking to himself, usually called as a monologue. SYNONYMS a speech where a person talks to himself, especially used when a character in a play talks to himself in order for the audience to know his thoughts and ideas speech, address, discourse, talk The audience gets to know the conflict that Hamlet is going through during the character's soliloquy. (address, speech, talk) The main character sang his soliloquy during the second act. (speech, address) The politician spoke at the college campus, expressing his thoughts in a long-winded soliloquy. (speech, address) When giving a presentation, it's important to interact with the audience, rather than engage in a soliloquy. (monologue, sermon) 20. AMNESTY Read as AM + NEST “I AM in your NEST without your permission. Please forgive me.” SYNONYM A general pardon granted by a government, especially for political offenses. forgiveness, reprieve, oblivion, remission, clemency, dispensation, absolution The president granted a general amnesty for all political prisoners. 2 000 knives have been handed in during the month-long amnesty. Many libraries have an amnesty week where people can return late library books and they will not be charged a fine for having them out. Amnesty for illegal Indians in Oman - The Omani authorities have agreed to allow thousands of Indians living illegally in the country to go home without paying fines following an initiative by the Indian Embassy. 21. AMPUTATE Read as ARM + PUT + TAKE The arm was cut off, put in a tray, and taken by the doctor. SYNONYMS To cut off, especially by surgery Eliminate Separate Remove Her leg had to be amputated above the knee to have a clean surface for healing. A Doctor who has had to get his right leg amputated has accused two doctors of Hamidia Hospital of negligence leading to his state. Her right leg was badly affected and eventually amputated. 22. BILLOWING Billow rhymes with Pillow. A pillow is filled with fluffy cotton to swell it and make it big. SYNONYMS characterized by great swelling waves or surges Bulge He has been working very hard since the last 3 years and now you can see that his business has billowed rapidly. The army billowed forward in the battle field. Swell The winds billowed the sail and it looked terrifying. 23. CAPACITY Read as CAP + CITY i.e., CITY inside a CAP, what an ability! SYNONYMS ability, power, strength, facility, efficiency, genius, capability, size, room, range, space, volume, extent, dimensions, scope, magnitude, compass, amplitude, function, position, role, post In your capacity as the Sales Manager of our company, you have to meet the target of 180 clients for the first quarter. I was amazed to see a capacity crowd at the concert. The refinery had a capacity of three hundred thousand barrels a day. Acting in an official capacity of the Director today, I take the responsibility of today’s misconduct. 24. CONSOLE Read as CON (in Hindi) + SOLE i.e., which sole will give comfort to my feet? I went to console my friend who lost her husband in a road accident. The drought hit families could not be merely consoled by a few kilos of ration sanctioned by the government. SYNONYMS a panel of controls for electronic equipment, a cabinet for a television or audio equipment give moral or emotional strength to comfort Console Gaming This console table has added new dimensions to the otherwise plain room. 25. FORSWEAR Read as FORCE + WEAR i.e., do not force me to wear this dress, I have rejected it. SYNONYMS to formally renounce or reject, usually with an oath or pledge, a formerly held belief or action; to deny and disavow under oath, abjure, disavow, forgo, renounce, retract, disown ANTONYMS Adopt, take on She was told by Alcoholics Anonymous to forswear her association with her former friends. (forgo, renounce) Most political candidates will forswear raising taxes at election time. (disavow, retract) I forswear cigarettes and vow to never smoke again. (forgo, renounce) 26. GIBBERISH Read as GABBER + IS Gabber Singh is here, he will now talk nonsense and try to scare us. SYNONYMS Unintelligible talking, Babble, Double Talk, Nonsense He must have felt a little stupid up on stage singing total gibberish, flicking his long blond hair about. For a humanities student like me, it was all gibberish when I accidentally attended a seminar on “Assembly Languages”. Though Maria was very sweet on the stage, her “vote of thanks” was absolutely gibberish. 27. IMPINGE Read as “IN + PINCH” Pinch and move into someone’s place. SYNONYMS to strike or hit; to encroach, infringe, impose, or intrude; to have an influence on strike, hit, encroach, trespass, infringe, impose, intrude, intervene, influence I hope our sudden visit doesn't impinge on your schedule. (infringe, impose) These 5 o'clock board meetings are starting to impinge on my personal time. (encroach, infringe) I used the hammer to impinge the stake into the ground. (strike, hit) My boss keeps impinging on my family time by asking me to come into the office on Saturdays. (infringing, imposing) 28. INDELIBLE Read as IN + DEL + ABLE i.e., I am not able to delete the signs made by this marker, they are permanent now. SYNONYMS impossible to be erased, removed, or washed away permanent, enduring, indestructible, durable, established, unchangeable ANTONYMS adjustable, changeable Because the child had written on her blouse in indelible ink, there was no way to wash out the stain. (permanent) Because of his kindness and generosity, he left an indelible impression on everyone he met. (enduring) Bobby was grounded for a week for writing on the wall with an indelible marker. (permanent) 29. INDISSOLUBLE Read as IN + THIS + SOLUBLE I have been whisking sand and water, but this is insoluble. SYNONYMS Impossible to dissolve, disintegrate, or decompose, insoluble Permanent, lasting Marriage is not an indissoluble contract, it can be broken through legal procedures. The bond between Lord Krishna and Sudama is an example of indissoluble friendship as depicted in our Indian mythology. The indissoluble impurities can be removed from water by letting the water stand for some time and then carefully decanting. 30. INDUBITABLE Read as IN + DOUBT + ABLE i.e., not able to doubt or beyond doubt SYNONYMS Too apparent to be doubted; unquestionable Beyond doubt, definite I arrived at an indubitable conclusion that he suffered from some brain problem. With all the activities going on, it made it indubitable that he was going to fly to U.S.A soon. 31. INFLATED Read as IN + FLAT In my Flat I have a party today and the rooms are all filled with friends and family. SYNONYMS Filled or expanded by gas or air. Unduly enlarged or aggrandized; swollen, Full of empty or pretentious language The farmers have sold their houses for inflated prices to the contractors and builders who are moving into the rural areas now. The cost of living has reached a peak where almost all the essential commodities are available at an inflated price. The suggestions presented in the board meeting are not practical and are unduly inflated. The success in the stock markets has inflated Mike’s ego all the more. 32. INGRATE Read as “ IN + GREAT” i.e., not great or ungrateful SYNONYMS An ungrateful person A person who shows no gratitude Thankless person He is a vicious little ingrate and, no matter how much people try to do for him, he always wants more. In earlier days, an NRI was seen as an ingrate who left the country when it was his time to contribute to the nation’s development. Man is an ingrate, who uses the nature and its resources ruthlessly for its own needs. 33. INSATIABLE Read as IN + SAT + ABLE i.e., I am not able to make him sit at one place, probably he is unsatisfied by my company. SYNONYMS Impossible to satisfy unquenchable, greedy, voracious, ravenous, rapacious, intemperate, insatiate, quenchless Even though he had eaten a large amount of food, he could not seem to satisfy his insatiable hunger. (unsatisfied, voracious) The politician seemed to have an insatiable need for power. (unquenchable, greedy) ANTONYMS satiable She has an insatiable appetite for knowledge and is currently working on her third doctoral degree. (unappeasable, unsatisfied) 34. INSOMNIA Read as “IN + SO (in Hindi) + MANY” i.e., with many people around I can not sleep or inability to sleep. SYNONYMS Inability to sleep, Sleeplessness Restlessness Wakefulness Scientists have concluded that exposure to a bright light source for 30 minutes in the morning or evening may be able to cure insomnia. The undue stress of work has started interrupting my glorious night rests and I toss along the bed the whole night now realizing what Insomnia is all about. 35. IRREPARABLE Read as IR + REPAIR + ABLE i.e, not able to repair or beyond repair SYNONYMS impossible to repair unfixable, destroyed, incurable, irreversible, hopeless I wasn't hurt in the accident, but my car suffered irreparable damage. (unfixable) The surgeon performed the wrong operation, making an irreparable mistake. (irreversible) ANTONYMS saved, rescued, repairable The horrible insult caused irreparable damage to their relationship. (incurable, irreversible) The fire caused irreparable damage to the building, which had to be torn down and rebuilt. (unfixable, incurable) 36. DISBURSE Read as Dis(Away) + Purse i.e., The money in the Purse was given away or paid out. SYNONYMS Pay Spend th Distribute The salary is disbursed on every 7 of a month in our company. Expend Pay out Shell out In the financial budget this year, Rs.1000 cr. have been allocated for the Education sector which has to be disbursed over the next 5 years with emphasis on rural areas. The board has agreed to disburse the incentives to its employee on a quarterly basis. 37. DISCOMFIT Read as Dis (away) + Comfort i.e., Going for higher studies but away from the comfort of your home, hence being upset. SYNONYMS cause to lose one's composure discompose, upset, disconcert, To make uneasy or perplexed; disconcert. frustrate She was discomfited by the sudden death of her parents. His play was full of confidence and not a single delivery could do anything to discomfit the batsman. The amazing growth of our company discomfits our competitors and pulls their morale down, which in turn is good for us! 38. INVETERATE Read as INVERTER + ATE The rats have eaten the wires of my Inverter. It is confirmed that it cannot be repaired now. SYNONYMS habitual and settled on by long continuance; firmly established, chronic, abiding, protracted He was an inveterate smoker and there was little hope of him being able to quit. (habitual) She is known as an inveterate liar, so beware of believing her. (chronic, habitual) ANTONYMS intermittent, temporary, occasional Whenever he gets nervous, he becomes an inveterate nail-biter and can’t control his bad habit. (chronic, habitual) 39. DISLODGE Read as DIS + LODGE= He was thrown out of the lodge by the angry caretaker. SYNONYMS to forcibly remove someone or something from a safe or stable position; stable, remove, extricate, eject, expel ANTONYMS Lodge,wedge, imbed, deposit With considerable effort, he was able to dislodge the root from the ground. (remove) The former president of the club was shocked to find that the most recent vote was to dislodge him from office. (remove) The gardener needed to dislodge some rocks from the dirt before she could resume planting. (remove, extricate) 40. DECAPITATE Read as De+cap+it+ate Remove the cap, cut the head and eat it, i.e., behead the person SYNONYMS Behead Execute Guillotine Kill Stephen Orchard ( 19 ) was decapitated by a train near the Army headquarters. With the terrorists moving around, we weren't really sure what to do with the bag, was there a decapitated head inside? The guillotine struck with such force that the criminal was instantly decapitated and the head and the body fell apart. 41. RELENT Read as Re(repeat, again) + Lent Though he tore my book, I softened my anger and lent him the book again. SYNONYMS be merciful, yield, give in, soften, acquiesce, change your mind, show mercy, have pity, slow, relax The lawyer finally pleaded the judge to relent on compassionate grounds as the accused was a minor. To pay off my friend’s loans I initially decided to give my wedding ornaments but then relented. Though the GRE vocabulary is tough, I will not rest and I will not relent till I get through with flying colors. When the weather relented, I continued with my shopping spree. 42. STALEMATE Read as Stale + Meat If you eat stale meat you will be dead and everything will come to standstill. SYNONYMS a situation where there is contention between two sides, to win or give in stand-off, impasse, deadlock, standstill, draw Our relationship has reached a stalemate and now carrying on looks impossible.(impasse, standstill) The two countries have been in a diplomatic stalemate for years, but with the election of a new president, there is hope for a renewed relationship. (impasse, standstill) ANTONYMS Progress, win The production so far was good but due to technical problem in the machinery everything has come to stalemate. 43. REPUTABLE Read as Re + put + able You are able to repeatedly put things in your bag for your different purposes, i.e. it is a reliable source. SYNONYMS respectable, good, excellent, reliable, worthy, honorable, honored, trustworthy, creditable, wellthought-of, of good repute One must only go to a reputable career counselor for guidance as a compromise here would be of no gain. Online shopping should only be done from reputable websites. Though an illiterate, he has managed a good living for his family and himself by running a small reputable business. ANTONYMS Disreputable 44. TRANSMUTE Read as TRAIN + COMMUTE The Delhi Metro Trains for commuting have changed the transport scenario all together. SYNONYMS To change from one form, nature, substance, or state into another; Transform, Change, Convert, modify, Alter, alchemies She transmuted the clay into a beautiful sculpture. In the movie, the villain transmuted into a monster using his magical powers. A complete failure can be transmuted into success through continuous hard work. Alchemists tried to transmute lead into gold. 45. TRILOGY Read as TRI + LOG ( In Hindi ) Remember the movie Om Jai Jagdish, in which the story revolves around three brothers, i.e., a triplet. In ancient India, an example of an early trilogy includes the epic Mahabharata, which originally consisted of three portions. SYNONYMS A group of three dramatic or literary works related in subject or theme Triad, triple, triplet, trio The films Batman, Batman Returns, and Batman Forever were released on home video in 1995 as the "Batman Trilogy”. Trilogies — and series in general — are common in science fiction and fantasy because of the artistic importance of complex ideas and the commercial importance of brand names. 46. TUMULT Read as Tum + ulte TUM ULTE in your car!!! Any confusion? SYNONYMS Noisy Commotion, as of a crowd; Uproar Confusion Disturbance ANTONYMS quiet, calm, peace I could barely hear my friend's voice over the tumult of the blaring music. (noise, racket) The tumult from the angry, screaming protesters could be heard for blocks. (commotion, din, noise) The country was in tumult after the uprising of its people. (state of confusion) Following her divorce, Monica had several tumultuous years where she wasn't sure she would ever be normal again. (disorderly, confused) 47. TURGID Read as Too +Rigid= He is too rigid to change his pompous and bombastic way of writing. Even if you tell him to do so he comes up with a swollen face. Synonyms Swollen Distended Bombastic Pompous Grandiloquent I could not sit through another minute of the actor's long, turgid, and unnecessarily complicated acceptance speech. (pompous, wordy, grandiose) The doctor said grandpa's turgid veins were caused by his diabetes. (swollen, bloated) After his success in the stock market, Mike's already turgid ego became even more inflated. (figurative sense of swollen, inflated) There is a woman at my book club who loves to expatiate about her understanding of the book in a turgid manner. (grandiose, pompous) 48. TURNCOAT Read as Turn +coat = change coat Every time you go to a party , you make sure that you change the color of your coat Synonyms Traitor Betrayer Apostate Usage So I have decided to become a comedy turncoat and try to make people laugh at me. He is a turncoat, he was not true to his profession. Deserter If one is in a habit to turncoat , how can you trust them. 49. UNDERMINE Read as Under +Mine They kept digging under the mine and it was weakened by the continuous removal of soil. SYNONYMS to make something weaker, as if by tunneling under the foundation of a structure weaken, corrode, soften, impair ANTONYMS strengthen, fortify, encourage Many people feel that political contributions from special interest groups undermine the democratic process. (corrode, wreck, weaken) The principal undermined the teacher's authority by questioning her teaching style in front of her students. (weakened, undercut) The couple works hard not to undermine one another's authority in front of their children. (weaken, undercut) 50. UTOPIA Read as U + Top +I Boy friend : I feel on top of the world when I see you Girl friend : It seems as if I am in heaven. SYNONYMS Paradise, bliss, Perfect place, Garden of Eden, Happy Valley, seventh heaven, ideal life, Wonderland, Heaven Utopia is a term for an ideal society which is far away from our dreams. At present a system which is totally uncorrupt would seem wholly utopian. Political utopias are ones in which the government establishes a society that is striving toward perfection.