INTRODUCTION TO SERVERS, ACTIVE DIRECTORY & NETWORK
INFRASTRCTURE; VIRTUALIZATION; CABLING
Cabling-Rj45
Cabling Rj45 is a way by which you embed combined network cable color codes in Rj45 pins. We have
basically two types of color codes; Code A & Code B.
CODE A
CODE B
White of Green --- Green
White of Orange --- Orange
White of Orange --- Blue
White of Green --- Blue
White of Blue --- Orange
White of Blue --- Green
White of Brown --- Brown
White of Brown --- Brown
We also have two major types of cable; we have Crossover Cable & Straight through Cable.
Clipping Straight through Cables
Code A at one end Code A at the
other end
Code B at one end Code B at the other
end
Clipping Crossover Cables
Code A at one end Code B at the other end
Real time Clipping will be done in class.
Vitalization and Installation of Server
Virtualization as the training is concern is basically making a virtual network environment of systems
using a third party software called Virtual Machine Workstation. Installation of VM will be done in
class.
Installing an operating system on the virtual machine is what will be discussing wizard by wizard.
First Click Create new virtual Machine …… Choose Typical and Click Next …… Choose any guest
operating system (iso or disk) and click next (make sure an operating system is detected) …… put the
product key and select the version of Operating system to install and click next …… here you select
the name of your Operating Systems & installation location (preferable it’s better to leave the default
name and location) and click next …… specify the disk capacity in gigabyte and select split virtual disk
into multiple file then click next …… now click on customized hardware and change the RAM as
preferred and click close …… Now click on finish to start the operating system installation ……
The virtual system will restart several times during the installation, if it’s a Server Operating system,
after the whole installation, you will need to quickly made changes to some settings like Time Zones
and Change of computer name among all. After all this has been done, it’s time to start configuring
the server by upgrading it to a Domain Controller.
All other technical as far as installing server in concerned will be thought in class.
Installing Active Directory; Upgrading Server to a Domain Controller
What is Active Directory?
Active directory is a database file usually located in the ntds.dit file.
Advantages of Active Directory
1. Centralized
2. Secure
3. DNS Integration
4. Manageable
5. Scalable
6. Extensible
Domain Structure
Domain Structure Explanation in Class.
7. Replication
8. Group Policy Object
Installing the Forest Root
For you to manage Active Directory, you need to install a server and upgrade it to a domain
controller. The following steps below show the step by step ways to install the forest root in active
directory. This can be achieved by upgrading the server to a domain controller with the command
dcpromo
 Open the Run or The Administrator command prompt
 Type in the command dcpromo and hit the enter button (wait while an active directory wizard
pops up)
 Here the wizard welcomes you for an installation of active directory. Just click NEXT
 The wizard explain the compatibility issues which you must have met. Just click NEXT
 Now you need to choose a deployment configuration from either installing your domain in an
existing Forest or in a New Forest, but since we are installing forest root we will select Create
a new Domain in a new Forest and click NEXT
 Now you typed in the fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN) you want to use for your Domain.
For the training, we use airtel.com. Click the NEXT button to proceed.
 It’s time to set the Functional Levels, first set the forest functional level and click NEXT
followed by the domain functional level. Click the NEXT button (more about functional levels
will be thought in class but we use windows server 2003 for our forest and domain functional
level, the higher your functional level, the more features of Active directory you have.)
 Active directory prompt you to install additional Domain controller option like DNS, Global
Catalogue and Read only domain controller, by default its only DNS that you have the option
whether to install or not, others must be installed. In our own case we wanted to install DNS
right away so we checked the DNS button and click NEXT.
 There will be a certain complain here that that the computer has dynamically assigned IP
address but for now, we need a static address for our airtel.com. So here you close the little
popup dialog box and locate your system network icon, right click the icon and select Network
and Sharing center. When the Network and Sharing center pops up, just and click the manage
network connections, all network connections pops up, now right click the local area network
and choose properties, here you see TCP/IPv4 and TCP/IPv6, uncheck the TCPIPv6 and double
click on the TCP/IPv4. Now select use the following IP Address and put any Class A, B or C
private IP there, it automatically generate the default subnet mask, input in your default
gateway and on the DNS put the IP you used in the IP address box and click OK and OK. So
you can now go back to your active directory wizard and click NEXT
 A popup dialog box shows telling you that a delegation of the DNS server cannot be reached.
Just click YES to continue
 You can now set the location of the database, log and sysvol files but its better you leave them
at their default locations. Click NEXT.
 Try to set the Directory Service Restore mode administrator Password and click NEXT.
 The summary of all what you have configured pops up. You can decide to export settings to a
certain location or click NEXT for installation to begin.
 During the installation you can check the Reboot after completion button so the system reboot
after installing active directory. Now you have successfully upgraded your Server to a Domain
Controller.
Joining Clients to the Domain
After the installation of clients and servers, we now need to join the clients to the server. For this
to happen, the client must have gotten an IP of the same subnet with the Server. To give the client
an IP, follow step 9 idea in installing active directory. Now the steps below joins a client to the Server
or Domain.
 Click the Start button……locate and right click on My Computer……click properties
 On the properties pane, click computer name
 Now click change
 Select the radio button domain and type in the name of the domain you wanted to join. Click
OK
 A username and password tab comes up. Login the credentials of an administrator of the server
and press OK…… because only an administrator can join clients to the domain.
 Now you receive a welcome message welcoming you to airtel.com domain. Just click OK and
reboot your client computer.
For you to be sure of your connection with server, just ping by either IP address or name from the
client…… use ping 192.168.0.10 from either the admin command prompt or the Run command and see
if you receive packets.
Now after the computer reboots, you have option to either connect to your client computer or the
Domain using the option button in the Login dialog box.
For you to access the network from the client, for windows XP,
 You click on my computer
 My network places
 The entire network
 Microsoft windows network
 And now you locate your domain but you must also have given necessary permission to access
the domain from client computers,
But for you to ping a client computer from the server, you must first control the firewall of the client
to accept connections. To access administrative tools, just click on start button and locate it.