1. This chemist was the first to determine the molecular formula of ethanol and derived an
equation relating the specific heat of a gas to those of its constituent elements. A quantity named
for him is equal to the quotient of the ideal gas constant and Boltzmann’s constant as well as the
quotient of the Faraday constant and elementary charge. That value was approximated using
Einstein’s work on Brownian motion by Jean Perrin, improving on the work of Johann
Lochsmidt. Also the namesake of a law that states that at fixed temperature and pressure, equal
volumes of an ideal gas contain equal numbers of particles, name this namesake of the number of
molecules in a mole, approximately 6.022 x 1023.
ANSWER: Amedeo Avogadro
2. One character in this work lives by the Ten Commandments plus two more, “Think not”, and
“Sleep when you can” and is called a dog and a donkey after he tells a joke to his superior.
Another character in this work, a native of Kokovoko, uses the symbol for infinity as a signature
and saves Tashtego from drowning. Those two characters are the second mate Stubb and the
harpooner Queequeg, who work under a man with a lightning-induced scar on his face and a
peg-leg necessitated by an encounter with the title character. Narrated by Ishmael, for 10 points,
name this novel set aboard the Pequod captained by Ahab, a work of Herman Melville named
after a white whale.
ANSWER: Moby Dick
3. An Edward Said work is titled “this concept” and Imperialism, while Matthew Arnold
contrasts this concept with anarchy in a namesake essay. Edward Tylor wrote a work about
“primitive” types of this phenomenon, and a Bronislaw Malinowski work attempts to develop “A
Scientific Theory” of it. Franz Boas advocated “relativism” with respect to this concept. Another
work divides them into “shame” and “guilt” types, while the author of that work divides them
into Apollonian and Dionysian varieties in another work entitled Patterns of this concept. For 10
points, name this anthropological concept commonly defined as the way of life of a group of
people.
ANSWER: culture
4. One of these works asserts that “ambition must be made to counteract ambition” and calls
government “the greatest of all reflections on human nature”, and another proposes “two
methods of removing the causes of faction”. William Duer publicly defended these writings,
while attacks on them, including “Brutus”, written by Robert Yates. The best known of these
documents argues that republican government should not be limited to small states, and most of
them were published by the Independent Journal under the pseudonym “Publius”. Written by
Madison, Hamilton, and Jay, for 10 points, name this series of open letters in support of the
Constitution.
ANSWER: the Federalist Papers
5. An object exceeding this quantity will experience amplified pressure perturbations explained
by the Prandtl-Glauert singularity that causes a visible vapor cloud to form. For a solid, this
value is equal to the square root of Young’s modulus divided by the solid’s density; for liquids,
Young’s modulus is replaced by the bulk modulus. An object exceeding 25 times this value
causes the surrounding gas to turn to plasma, and in air, it is increased by about .6 meters per
second for every temperature increase of one degree Centigrade. An object traveling at this speed
is said to be at Mach 1. For 10 points, name this value measuring about 340 meters per second in
air.
ANSWER: speed of sound
6. The Sawtooth Mountains are found in the central part of this state, and the namesake of the
fourth largest city in this state, the seat of Bannock County, gave up part of the Fort Hall Indian
Reservation. Eagle and Meridian are suburbs of this state’s largest city, and this state contains
the deepest gorge in the United States. Only Utah has a greater percentage of Mormons than this
state, and Priest Lake and the city of Coeur d’Alene are in this state’s northern panhandle. Home
to the cities of Lewiston and Pocatello and bordered to the west by Washington and Oregon, for
10 points, name this state whose capital is Boise.
ANSWER: Idaho
7. One character in this work condemns “you liberals, and navigators into realms intellectual”
and defends “we…getters and hoarders of gold.” Another character in this work learned to read
while in prison for shooting Marshall Logan, and Kinsey Keene prosecutes the prominent banker
Thomas Rhodes. This work that includes the aforementioned section about Jack McGuire also
includes a poem about a character who “got a job in the canning works” after he “found
religion”, Butch Weldy. Set in a town based on Petersburg and Lewisville, Illinois, for 10 points,
name this collection of poetry written by Edgar Lee Masters.
ANSWER: Spoon River Anthology
8. One ruler of this kingdom claimed to have blinded 14,400 men in one eye, and its name was
changed from the then-derogatory Subartu. The first civilization to divide the circle into 360
degrees, another ruler of this civilization built the Black Obelisk shortly before the downfall of
this kingdom. The cult of Ninurta was centered at Kalakh, one of its capitals, and yet another of
this kingdom’s rulers defeated rulers of the Kassites and Mitanni. In addition to Adad-Nirari I,
other rulers of this kingdom included Tilgath-pileser I and Ashurbanipal I. Centered at Nineveh
during its later years, name this Mesopotamian kingdom that flourished from the 12th to 6th
centuries BC alongside Babylonia.
ANSWER: Assyria or Ashur
9. One of this man’s works deals with William de la Marck’s murder of the Bishop of Liege and
his subsequent arrest by Charles the Bold; a subplot follows the titular archer’s attempts to win
the hand of Isabelle. In addition to Quentin Durward, the title character of another of this man’s
novels kills Rashleigh, who is scheming against the narrator, Frank Osbaldistone. That novel is
part of a series that also contains Guy Mannering and The Heart of Midlothian and is entitled
Rob Roy. For 10 points, name this author of the Waverley series who also wrote about a
disinherited son of Cedric the Saxon who marries Rowena in Ivanhoe.
ANSWER: Sir Walter Scott
10. In eukaryotes, this process is followed by a sequence of 5’ (five prime) capping, 3’ (three
prime) polyadenylation, and splicing of exons; this produces its monocistronic type of product.
The lac operon insures that structural genes do not undergo this process by automatically
attaching a repressor protein to the relevant operator. This process begins when a promoter is
recognized and usually only takes place on a so-called template strand of DNA. Consisting of
initiation, elongation, and termination and following translation, for 10 points, name this process
by which complementary base pairing is used to convert DNA into mRNA.
ANSWER: transcription
11. In June 2009, this team sent Oleksiy Pecherov, Darius Songaila, and Etan Thomas to the
Minnesota Timberwolves in exchange for Mike Miller and Randy Foye. The last NBA team that
Michael Jordan played for, this current home of Andray Blatche and Brendan Haywood fired
Eddie Jordan as coach before hiring Flip Saunders. In January 2010, reports surfaced that two of
this team’s players had pulled guns on each other during a dispute about gambling debts; one of
those players was Javaris Crittenton. For 10 points, name this franchise whose current players
include Caron Butler, Antawn Jamison, and Gilbert Arenas, formerly known as the Bullets.
ANSWER: Washington Wizards (accept either)
12. Martin Malia wrote that this man’s rule created a “culture of dissidence” in his home country.
A protégé of Lazar Kaganovich, he was responsible for overseeing the construction of Moscow’s
subway system, and another of his innovations was the agrogorod, or “farming town”. A rival
of Grigory Malenkov, this man used the term “peaceful coexistence” to describe his foreign
policy, but took contradictory positions on Imre Nagy and Wladyslaw Gomulka. Known for
making the “secret speech”, he is best known for ordering the removal of weapons silos from a
certain Caribbean island. Overthrown by Brezhnev in 1964, name this Soviet premier during the
Cuban Missile Crisis.
ANSWER: Nikita Khrushchev
13. Unique beliefs of this religious group include condoning temporary apostasy in order to
avoid being killed, allowing temporary marriages, and a system of exegesis that extrapolates
“other levels of meaning” from its holy text known as taqwa. The Zaydiyyah are one sect
belonging to this group, which is divided into “twelvers” and “seveners”, sometimes called
Ismailis. This sect’s army lost the battle of Karbala, conceding temporal control to the
Umayyads. Having supported Ali as the rightful caliph, for 10 points, name this type of Islam,
prevalent in Iran and Iraq, whose members are far less numerous than Sunnis.
ANSWER: Shi’ites or Shi’a
14. The Cayley-Menger type of this mathematical construct is used to find the volume of a
simplex. Charles Dodgson developed a “condensation method” for calculating these values,
which are invariant under a singularity transformation and are multiplied by negative one if two
rows are interchanged. Cofactors and expansion by minors are used to calculate all but the
simplest of these quantities, and a matrix for which this value is zero is called singular. For 10
points, name this value, which for a 2 x 2 matrix a, b; c, d is found by calculating a times d minus
b times c.
ANSWER: determinants
15. One assassination attempt on this man was thwarted by Manuela Sáenz. He suffered early
military defeats at the hands of forces led by José Tomás Boves, after which he successfully
petitioned Haiti for military aid. This victor of the Battle of Junín and organizer of a
constitutional convention at Cúcuta relied on commanders such as Francisco de Santander and
José Antonio Paez to win the Battle of Boyacá, while his victory at Pichincha was aided by José
Antonio Sucre. The author of the Carta de Jamaica and the Cartagena Manifesto, for 10 points,
name this Venezuelan revolutionary, the namesake of a nation with capitals at La Paz and Sucre.
ANSWER: Simón Bolívar
16. One author from this country wrote a novel in which the unnamed protagonist, who is
misdiagnosed with lung cancer, dreams about finding the “Wild Man” and the titular locale, and
Ezra Pound’s “The River Merchant’s Wife” is a loose translation of a work of a poet from this
nation. An epic from this home of the author of Soul Mountain contains a pig and a river demon
who accompany the Monkey King on his titular trip. For 10 points, name this nation whose
literature is epitomized by the Five Classics, one of which is Journey to the West, and the works
of Li Po and Gao Xingjian.
ANSWER: China
17. In one of this man’s paintings, a boy is helped by two women as he tries on a red and yellow
costume, and much of his best-known work was done in a locale called Prout’s Neck. His
Prisoners from the Front depicts Civil War participants, while a modest log cabin lies behind a
line of young boys playing the titular game in another work. In addition to Dressing for the
Carnival and Snap the Whip, another painting by this man features a waterspout in the
background while a group of sharks hovers around a black sailor in a small boat. For 10 points,
name this foremost American watercolorist, best known for The Gulf Stream.
ANSWER: Winslow Homer
18. A lunar mountain range of this name is located in the Sea of Serenity. One star in this
constellation, Alcyone, is the center of a smaller object known as Subaru by the Japanese, and
another object in this constellation is accompanied by the newly discovered NP 0532. The alpha
star of this home of the Hyades cluster is a red giant whose name is Arabic for “the follower”,
Aldebaran. This constellation contains object M45 and object formed by a 1054 supernova. The
home of the Pleiades star cluster and the Crab Nebula, for 10 points, name this constellation
located between Aries and Gemini named for the bull.
ANSWER: Taurus
19. One of this man’s works contrasts two titular characters who represent “mother heritage” and
“father heritage”, and another novel by this man set in Castalia sees Joseph Knecht become the
master of the titular pursuit. This author of Narcissus and Goldmund also wrote about a friend of
Govinda who left the ascetic Samana sect to follow another teacher, and this man’s best known
novel follows the attempts of Goethe, Mozart, and Hermine to help Harry Haller live fully. For
10 points, name this German author of The Glass Bead Game, Siddharta, and Steppenwolf.
ANSWER: Herman Hesse
20. The Senate’s role in investigating this incident led to the McGrain v. Daugherty decision, and
John Kendrick first attracted attention to it. The rapid improvement of a cattle ranch in New
Mexico raised suspicion about one of its participants, whom Thomas Walsh investigated. Edwin
Denby was acquitted for his involvement in it, which involved approving of loans granted by
Edward Doheny in exchange for access to the Elk Hills reserves. Harry Sinclair and Albert Fall
were implicated in, for 10 points, what scandal of the Harding administration in which Fall
received kickbacks for granting exclusive drilling rights in the namesake Wyoming oilfields?
ANSWER: Teapot Dome scandal
Bonus
1. In this play, Creon announces that Laius’ murderer must be banished from Thebes, and the
title character learns that he is not really the son of Polybus and Merope. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this play in which the title character flees Thebes and blinds himself after learning
about the nature of his relationship with Jocasta.
ANSWER: Oedipus Rex or Oedipus the King
[10] Along with Antigone and Oedipus at Colonnus, Oedipus Rex is part of a trilogy by this
Greek playwright.
ANSWER: Sophocles
[10] In Antigone, this sister of the title character fails to persuade the latter that she should obey
Creon by not burying their brother Polyneices.
ANSWER: Ismene
2. In humans, the right one of these structures receives blood from both the inferior and superior
vena cava. For 10 points each:
[10] Give this name applied to the two upper chambers of the human heart that receive blood
into the heart, then supply it to the ventricles.
ANSWER: atrium or atria
[10] This node of the heart, also called the sinoatrial node, is contained in the right atrium and
releases electrical signals that activate the bundle of His. An artificial electrical device of the
same name can perform the same function.
ANSWER: pacemaker
[10] The electrical signals produced by the pacemaker are transmitted into the ventricles by
means of these fibers, named after a Czech physiologist.
ANSWER: Purkinje fibers
3. Its name comes from a staccato rhythm in its second movement. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this ninth of the London symphonies, its composer’s 101st.
ANSWER: Clock Symphony
[10] This official composer of the Esterhazy family wrote the Clock Symphony as well as the
Surprise, Military, and Drumroll symphonies.
ANSWER: Joseph Haydn
[10] Commissioned by Nicholas Esterhazy, the last movement of this early Haydn symphony
features a long coda during which the musicians gradually exit, suggesting its name.
ANSWER: Farewell Symphony or Symphony No. 45 in F-sharp minor
4. Albert Einstein was offered the presidency of this nation, and his refusal led to the election of
Chaim Weizmann to the post. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this nation that made David Ben-Gurion its first prime minister upon becoming
independent in 1948.
ANSWER: Israel
[10] An early step in the establishment of Israel was this 1917 correspondence named for the
British foreign minister at the time, which established British support for “the establishment in
Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people.”
ANSWER: Balfour Declaration
[10] This Hungarian-born Jew is considered the modern founder of the Zionist movement. He
published the pamphlet The Jewish State in 1896 and organized the 1897 First Zionist Congress.
ANSWER: Theodor Herzl
5. Bond polarity is determined by the difference of the values in this quantity for the two atoms
involved, and it is measured on scales named for Sanderson and Mulliken. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this ability of a chemical species to attract electrons.
ANSWER: electronegativity
[10] This Nobel laureate in both chemistry and peace developed the most widely used
electronegativity scale by comparing geometric means of bond enthalpy differences between
pairs of elements.
ANSWER: Linus Pauling
[10] Related to electronegativity is this quantity, the amount of energy needed for a neutral atom
to form an anion. Chlorine has the highest value of this quantity.
ANSWER: electron affinity
6. For 10 points each, identify the following about the history of the American labor movement.
[10] August Spies and three others were executed for their role in this 1887 riot in Chicago, in
which workers demanding an eight-hour work day gathered outside the McCormick Harvesting
Machine Company.
ANSWER: Haymarket Square
[10] Pinkerton agents broke up this 1892 Pennsylvania steelworkers’ strike. Alexander Berkman
attempted to assassinate Henry Frick for resisting workers’ demands.
ANSWER: Homestead Strike
[10] The cofounder of The Messenger along with Chandler Owen, this African-American labor
leader founded the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters and later served as vice-president of the
AFL-CIO.
ANSWER: A(sa) Philip Randolph
7. Clotaldo steals seven year old Isabela from her parents in one of these works, La Espanola
Inglesa. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this series of twelve works that includes El amante liberal, La Senora Cornelia, and
one in which Elicio and Erasto agree not to let their love for the title character get in the way of
their friendship, La Galatea.
ANSWER: Novelas Ejemplares
[10] The Novelas Ejemplares were written by this author of Don Quixote.
ANSWER: Miguel de Cervantes y Saavedra
[10] This character’s wife Tereza holds down the fort while this squire of Don Quixote is off
riding his mule Dapple ruling the island of Barataria.
ANSWER: Sancho Panza
8. Demeter turned herself into a mare to avoid the advances of this god, and Athena beat him out
for naming rights to Athens. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this trident-carrying father of Orion, Pegasus, and a whole slew of others, the Greek
god of horses and the sea.
ANSWER: Poseidon
[10] Poseidon sent a dolphin after this Nereid so he could marry her. She is also the mother of
Triton.
ANSWER: Amphitrite
[10] This son of Gaia and Poseidon challenged everyone he met to a wrestling match before
Heracles defeated him by holding him above the ground.
ANSWER: Antaeus
9. This man led raids on Lanark and Stirling Castle as part of his preparation to invade northern
England. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this loser of the Battle of Falkirk who was succeeded as effective ruler of his nation
by Robert the Bruce.
ANSWER: William Wallace
[10] William Wallace fought against British plans to control this region of northern Great
Britain. Its major cities include Glasgow and Edinburgh.
ANSWER: Scotland
[10] Wallace’s fought for independence in the name of this previous king from 1292-1296, who
had been exiled to France by Edward I for allowing the formation of the 'Auld Alliance' with
France.
ANSWER: John de Balliol (accept John I)
10. This novel contains a digression about a lightbulb named Byron, which parallels the
protagonist’s uncanny ability to predict the location of V2 rocket strikes in London. For 10
points each:
[10] Name this novel about Tyrone Slothrop’s search for Rocket 00000.
ANSWER: Gravity’s Rainbow
[10] This author of the short story collection Slow Learner and the novels Vineland and Mason
and Dixon also wrote Gravity’s Rainbow.
ANSWER: Thomas Pynchon
[10] In this other Pynchon novel, Oedipa Maas learns a lot about Jacobean revenge tragedies and
ends the novel waiting to discover the identity of the buyer of Pierce Inverarity’s titular stamp
collection.
ANSWER: The Crying of Lot 49
11. Early estimates of the value of this quantity were made by Guillaume Amonton and J.H.
Lambert. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this value, the coldest temperature possible and the temperature at which the entropy
of a system is zero, that measures -273.15 degrees.
ANSWER: absolute zero
[10] This law states that it is impossible to reach absolute zero because such an accomplishment
would require all bodies to have the same entropy.
ANSWER: Third Law of Thermodynamics
[10] This “fifth state of matter”, first created with a supercooled mass of rubidium atoms, exists
at temperatures very close to absolute zero.
ANSWER: Bose-Einstein condensates
12. The author of this work claims that “the road of excess leads to the palace of wisdom”, and it
consists of twenty-four plates and is continued in the three-plate A Song of Liberty. For 10 points
each:
[10] Name this work which opens with “The Argument”, features the prophet Rintrah, and
attacks the Swedenborgians.
ANSWER: The Marriage of Heaven and Hell
[10] This author of The Sick Rose and The Lamb also wrote The Marriage of Heaven and Hell.
Other collections of his include Songs of Innocence and Songs of Experience.
ANSWER: William Blake
[10] Another of Blake’s poems addresses this animal “burning bright”, in which the speaker asks
“What immortal hand or eye / dare frame thy fearful symmetry?”
ANSWER: tiger or tyger
13. For 10 points each, identify the following mathematicians.
[10] Perhaps best known for a doubtful story about summing the numbers 1 to 100 as a child,
this “Prince of Mathematicians” also provided the first proofs of the Fundamental Theorem of
Algebra and the quadratic reciprocity theorem.
ANSWER: Carl Friedrich Gauss
[10] This man has a namesake “little theorem” as well as one that states that there are no
nontrivial cases that satisfy the equation an + bn = cn for n > 2.
ANSWER: Pierre Fermat
[10] This Norwegian mathematician used elliptic functions to prove that there is no general
solution using radicals for fifth-degree equations. An adjective adapted from his name is a
synonym for “commutative”.
ANSWER: Niels Henrik Abel
14. Albrecht von Wallenstein commanded Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand II’s troops during
this conflict, and this war’s battles included White Mountain, a victory for Count Tilly. For 10
points each:
[10] Name this conflict between the Catholic League and an alliance of Protestants that lasted
from 1618 to 1648 and was ended by the Peace of Westphalia.
ANSWER: Thirty Years’ War
[10] This nation entered the war on the Protestant side in 1630 under its king Gustavus
Adolphus, known as the Lion of the North.
ANSWER: Sweden
[10] Gustavus Adolphus was killed at this 1632 battle, in which reinforcements under the Count
of Graffenberg helped lead Wallenstein’s army to victory.
ANSWER: Battle of Lützen
15. For 10 points each, identify these African-American writers.
[10] In addition to the autobiographical Black Boy, this contributor to The God that Failed is best
known for a novel in which Mary Dalton and Bessie Mears are killed by Bigger Thomas, Native
Son.
ANSWER: Richard Wright
[10] This playwright’s Seven Guitars and Ma Rainey’s Black Bottom are part of his Pittsburgh
cycle, which also includes a play about Troy Maxson entitled Fences.
ANSWER: August Wilson
[10] Tante Lou encourages Grant Wiggins to comfort the death row inmate Jefferson in this
man’s Lesson Before Dying. His other novels include A Gathering of Old Men and The
Autobiography of Miss Jane Pittman.
ANSWER: Ernest Gaines
16. The “academic” version of this school of philosophy was led by Arcesilaus and Carneades.
For 10 points each:
[10] Name this school of philosophy founded by Pyrrho of Elis whose adherents denied that
anything could be definitively known. A later school of this named challenged Cartesianism.
ANSWER: Skepticism or Skeptics
[10] A member of that later school was this Scottish philosopher, the author of Essays, Moral
and Political and An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding.
ANSWER: David Hume
[10] Hume’s work On “these” argued against the occurrence of the titular events, Biblical ones
of which include making some loaves and fishes and turning water into wine.
ANSWER: miracles
17. This hero of the Battle of Lake Okeechobee won the only election he ever contested over
Lewis Cass. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this winner of the 1848 presidential election, nicknamed Old Rough and Ready who
only spent sixteen months in office.
ANSWER: Zachary Taylor
[10] Taylor was also the hero of this 1847 Mexican War battle fought near Monterrey in which
Taylor’s troops were outnumbered four to one. It set up Winfield Scott’s victory at Cerro Gordo
a month later.
ANSWER: Battle of Buena Vista
[10] Taylor’s opponent at Buena Vista was this Mexican general who was also the commander at
the Alamo and the Battle of Goliad.
ANSWER: Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna
18. One section of this work, A Digression Concerning Critics, compares some critics to serpents
that cannot bite and are instead “addicted to their own vomit”. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this satire written by Jonathan Swift in which Peter, Martin, and Jack represent the
Catholic Church, the Church of England, and Protestants respectively.
ANSWER: The Tale of a Tub
[10] Swift is best known for this work in which the title character travels to the lands of Lilliput
and Brobdingnag, among others.
ANSWER: Gulliver’s Travels
[10] One race that Gulliver encounters is this nasty human-like species that antagonizes the
peaceful horselike Houhynhymns.
ANSWER: Yahoos
19. Light that passes through the cornea is then reflected onto this structure, which is connected
to the brain by the optic nerve. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this layer of tissue that covers the inside of the eyeball.
ANSWER: retina
[10] The retina contains the fovea centralis, an area of high concentration of this type of
photoreceptor cells that aid detailed vision as opposed to simply sensing light.
ANSWER: cones
[10] Damage to the central region of the retina can result in this age-related eye disorder
characterized by buildup of drusen in the eye.
ANSWER: macular degeneration
20. The Phillips curve measures this phenomenon’s correlation with unemployment, and an
aggressive campaign to reduce it was led by Federal Reserve Chairman Paul Volcker. For 10
points each:
[10] Name this economic conflict simply defined as any increase in prices or the money supply.
ANSWER: inflation
[10] In his paper The Role of Monetary Policy, this University of Chicago economist argued that
raising inflation will not result in a long-term drop in unemployment.
ANSWER: Milton Friedman
[10] Besides Friedman’s Monetarists, another group of conservative economists, led by Paul
Roberts and Arthur Laffer, supported this theory that lowering taxes would raise tax revenue.
George H.W. Bush famously called it “voodoo economics”.
ANSWER: supply-side economics