Notes 5: Other Civil Rights Movements of
the 1960’s and 1970’s
Unit 5 – Civil Rights
Latino Rights
Chicano American
Movement
 Focus




Basic civil rights: voting, protection from police violence
Changing what was taught in history education in schools
Quality of education for Latino Americans and bilingual education
The high minority draft rate in Vietnam
 Actions
 Protests
 Student Walkouts (Blowouts) – 1968 East LA and elsewhere
 Accomplishments
 Bilingual education
 Increase of Latino Americans in politics and activism
 Brown Berets – worked in local communities – set up the East LA
Free Clinic
Cesar Chavez and the United Farm
Workers
 Focus
 Protecting the rights of farm workers
 Actions
 Strikes and Economic Boycotts
 1966 Grape Boycott
 1970 Salad Bowl Strike
 Accomplishments
 1975 California Agricultural Labor Relations Act, which
gave collective bargaining rights to farm workers
Young Lords – Puerto Rican Americans
 Focus
 Improving access to services in Puerto
Rican neighborhoods
 Stopping the removal of Puerto Ricans
from their neighborhoods (Chicago)
 Actions
 What were two examples of actions the
Young Lords took?
 Accomplishments
 Look at the last page of your reading, what
were two examples of their
accomplishments?
American Indian Movement
Red Power
 Focus
 Began in Minnesota in 1968 to address issues of Native
American life at the time: poverty, housing, police
abuse
Red Power Actions
 Red Power Movement occupied Alcatraz Island for 19 months to
reclaim traditional Native American Land
 1972 “Trail of Broken Treaties” protest in Washington. Seized
Bureau of Indian Affairs and presented list of problems
 1973: 71 day armed standoff at Wounded Knee
 1978: The Longest Walk from Alcatraz to DC to protest laws
they felt would hurt Native Americans
Red Power Accomplishments
 According to PBS: “The occupation [of Alcatraz] also succeeded
in getting the federal government to end its policy of termination
and adopt an official policy of Indian self-determination. From
1970 to 1971, Congress passed 52 legislative proposals on behalf
of American Indians to support tribal self-rule. President Nixon
increased the BIA budget by 225 percent, doubled funds for
Indian health care and established the Office of Indian Water
Rights. Also during Nixon's presidency, scholarship funds were
increased by $848,000 for college students. The Office of Equal
Opportunity provided more funds for economic development
and drug and alcohol recovery programs and expanded housing,
health care and other programs.”
 The Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act of 1975:
Allows Tribes to decide how to use Federal Funds themselves
Second Wave Feminism
1960’s-1980’s
Second Wave Feminism
 Focus
 Where the first wave focused on suffrage, the second wave
focused on equality in society, the economy, and education
 Events /Actions
 The Birth Control Pill receives FDA approval in1960
 Betty Friedan wrote The Feminine Mystique in 1963
Attacks society’s portrayal of women as housewives and
the “cult of domesticity”
 The National Organization for Women (NOW) founded 1966
 1968 Miss America Protest
 Burning of typically female products –
the anti-feminists called it bra-burning

Senator Birch Bayh exercises with Title IX athletes at
Purdue University
Second Wave Feminism
 Accomplishments
 Title IX 1972
 No person in the United States shall, on the basis of sex, be excluded
from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to
discrimination under any education program or activity receiving
federal financial assistance...
 Affects access to education including funding for women’s
sports
 Roe vWade 1973
 Supreme Court Case that legalized abortion
 Not Accomplished
 The ERA (Equal Rights Amendment) failed to be ratified
 Equality of rights under the law shall not be denied or abridged by
the United States or by any State on account of sex.
Gay Rights
Gay Rights
 Focus
 Equal Rights
 Educators (and others) who were gay were usually fired
 Bars that catered to gays were shut down and newspapers
would publish lists of people who went there
 FBI and Post Office tracked those they thought were gay
 You could be arrested and jailed for being caught in a gay
relationship
 Medical associations classified being gay as a disease /
mental illness
Gay Rights Action: Sip In 1966
 Action:
 The Mattachine Society
staged a “sip-in” at a bar in
Greenwich Village because
the New York Liquor
Authority would not allow
bars to serve gay patrons
 Accomplishments:
 New York City Commission
on Human Rights
acknowledged that gay people
had the right to be served in
bars
Gay Rights Action Stonewall Riot –
June 28, 1969
 Action
 After another police raid on the Stonewall Inn (a gay bar in
Greenwich Village, NYC), patrons and people in the
neighborhood started a three-day riot on the police who tried
to raid the club
 Accomplishments:
 Stonewall led to the beginning of media coverage and the
formation of Gay Rights Groups
Gay Rights Accomplishments
 On June 28, 1970, the
first Gay Pride
marches took place in Los
Angeles, Chicago, and New
York commemorating the
anniversary of the Stonewall
riot
 1973, the American
Psychiatric Association
voted unanimously to
remove homosexuality
from the Diagnostic and
Statistical Manual (they no
longer saw being gay as a
mental illness)
NYC Gay Pride Parade 1976