Lifelong Learning:
Issues of Effective Implementation
Lee S.T.1, Chia B.C. &
Dr Nik Hasnaa Nik Mahmood2
1 Center
for Graduate Studies, Open University Malaysia, Malaysia.
2 University Teknoligi Malaysia
LLL Issues of Effective Implementation
World Population on 14/11/2011:
7,003,082,000
Increasing Medium Population Age
Male
75-79
70-74
65-69
60-64
55-59
50-54
45-49
40-44
35-39
30-34
25-29
20-24
15-19
10-14
5- 9
0- 4
Female
• 7b 2011, +2.2b by 2050
•
+1.4b Asian, + 1b African,
-0.2b European & N American)
75-79
70-74
65-69
60-64
55-59
50-54
45-49
40-44
35-39
30-34
25-29
20-24
15-19
10-14
5- 9
0- 4
• 25-59 cannot support 60+
• Need to extend working age
• Need to re-train and re-skill
Increasing
Pace of Change
Table 1: The Race to the Mass Market (Source: Fortune Magazine, 2 March 2009)
ICT Product
Year Introduced
Year Reached
Number of
150 million users in USA
Years To Reach
Telephone
1876
1965
89
Television
1928
1966
38
Cellphone
1983
1997
14
iPod
2001
2008
7
Facebook
2004
2009
5
Needs of Lifelong Learning
Globalization + Increasing Medium Age +
Pace of change

Need to continually upgrade and update knowledge

Life-long Learning
• Continued learning & adapting, or left-behind
Types of Lifelong Learning
• Academic / Non-academic
• Pre-employment / Post employment
• Formal / Semi-formal / Informal
Four Pillars of Lifelong Learning
• Learning to Know
•
Acquire instruments of Learning; Learning to learn
• Learning to Do
•
Act creatively on one’s environment
• Learning to Live Together
•
Participate and co-operate with other people in all
human activities
• Learning to be
•
Develop one’s personality & to be able to act with
greater autonomy, judgment and responsibility
 Proposed in Delores Report (1998) & reaffirmed by the Belen
Framework for Action, Confintea VI in 2009.
Adult Education and Lifelong Learning
Lifelong Learning in the Workplace
• Human Resource Development (HRD) practice
of larger organizations
• Types of Learning
•
•
•
In-house / external training
Formal / on-the-job training
Instructor-led / Self-managed
• Justifications:
•
•
Skill improvements, productivity, goal alignment,
quality improvement
Continuous improvement, career development,
employee-centred learning organization
ICT and Lifelong Learning
• Extend traditional modes of learning
•
Classroom face-to-face, correspondence, on-thejob
• Basic Tools
•
PC, Notebooks, iPad, Smartphones
• Facilities
•
Internet, Network, Wifi, LMS (Moodle,
Blackboard, myLMS, Studynet)
• Lifelong Learning Modes
•
Online, Distance Learning, Blended ODL
• Applications
•
Khanacademy, MIT Opencourseware, Second Life
ODL Delivery Modes
Delivery Modes at OUM (Ali, 2005)
Self-managed Learning
• Learner empowerment
• Learner manages learning process:
• What to study, where to study, when to study and
how fast to acquire the knowledge
• Obtain lectures & coursework materials on-demand
• Learner manages own learning progress
• Learner manages balance between work and
study
Implementation Issues and Challenges
• Literacy
•
Indispensable foundation and pre-requisite
• English Language
•
Essential for accessibility, efficient and timely
global delivery and obsolescence avoidance
• Poor participation
•
•
Due to poor accessibility and attitude problems
Overcome by incentives and personal commitment
• Lack of Structure, Policy and Funding
•
Government and private sector CSR
• Assessment & Recognition
•
Accreditation & Recognition of prior learning
Implementation Issues and Challenges
• Continuous Improvements in LLL Materials
•
•
Improvements in ICT: capabilities, devices,
presentation (Smartphones, iPads, blogs, facebook,
twitter)
Improvements in contents available (Wikipedia,
khanacademy, MIT Opencourseware)
• Learner/Teacher Incompatibilities
• Learners exposed to & expects modern mode of
delivery and materials
• Improving Skill of Instructors
•
Use of latest ICT tools especially multimedia
Khanacademy
Khanacademy
• Watch, practice with 2,700 educational videos
for free
• 10-minute youtube videos
• Topics include:
•
•
Algebra, Arithmetic, Calculus, Developmental Mathematics,
Differential Equations, Linear Algebra, Geometry,
Trigonometry, Statistics, Chemistry, Physics, Biology
History, Art History, Banking, Finance, Valuation & Investing
• Excellent tutorial/supplementary teaching
• Suitable for self-directed learning & remedial
teaching
• Ideal for lifelong learning
MIT Opencourseware
MIT Opencourseware
• Over 2,000 courses available:
• From Aeronautics to Writing & Humanistic Studies
• Syllabus, readings, lecture notes & assignments
• No support from faculties
• Useful for supplementary /complementary
/benchmarking materials
• Ideal for lifelong learning
Second Life Education
Successfully used for collaborative global workplace training
Thank You