Script for Movie Story
John B. Watson
By: Mike Plaza
Slide Number
1. Introduction
Picture
Script
Welcome to the autobiography of
John B. Watson
Presented by:
Mike Plaza
2. Historical
Timeline
John B. Watson was born January 9, 1878
and he died on September 25, 1958.
3. Historical
Timeline
1878 ~ John Broadus Watson was born
in Greenville, South Carolina.
4. Historical
Timeline
1891 ~ John's father, Pickens Watson,
left his family.
5. Historical
Timeline
1899 ~ John graduated from Furman
University.
6. Historical
Timeline
1901 ~ John majored in psychology and
minored in philosophy and neurology at
the University of Chicago. He married
Mary Ikes.
7. Historical
Timeline
1903 ~ John B. Watson received his
doctorate from the University of
Chicago.
8. Historical
Timeline
1905 ~ Dr. Watson's first child, Mary,
was born. He enrolled at John Hopkins
University
9. Historical
Timeline
1906 ~ Watson was hired as an
instructor at the University of Chicago
10. Historical
Timeline
1907 ~ Watson was hired as an associate
professor of psychology at John Hopkins
University. It was at JHU that he
became known as the Founder of
Behaviorism.
11. Historical
Timeline
1913 ~ Watson gave the lecture and
published the article entitled
"Psychology as the Behaviorist Views
It."
1914 ~ He published Behavior: An
Introduction to Comparative
Psychology.
12. Historical
Timeline
1915 ~ Watson became the President of
the American Psychological
Association.
13. Historical
Timeline
1916 ~ Dr. Watson began his study on
mental illnesses. He began working in
advertising at the J Walter Thompson
Agency.
14. Historical
Timeline
1919 ~ Watson published Psychology
From the Standpoint of a Behaviorists.
15. Historical
Timeline
1920 ~ Watson was dismissed from
John Hopkins University. He published
the "Little Albert" Experiment. He
turned his focus to advertising.
16. Historical
Timeline
1924 ~ Watson became Vice President
of J Walter Thompson Agency. He
published Behaviorism.
17. Historical
Timeline
1928 ~ Watson published the
Psychological Care of Infant and Child.
18. Historical
Timeline
1945 ~ He retired as Vice President of
William Esty Agency.
19. Historical
Timeline
1958 ~ Dr. John Broadus Watson burnt
all of his unpublished works and died a
short time later.
20. Famous
Quote
John Watson was known for his studies
on behaviorism. The follow is a wellknown quoted in Watson’s Dozen
Healthy Infant Study:
"Give me a dozen healthy infants, wellformed, and my own specified world to
bring them up in and I'll guarantee to take
any one at random and train him to become
any type of specialist I might select–doctor,
lawyer, artist–regardless of his talents,
penchants, tendencies, abilities, vocations
and race of his ancestors" .
21. Basics of
Theory
Watson is often listed as one of the most
influential psychologists of the twentieth
century; his work is standard material in
most introductory psychology and
educational psychology texts.
22. Classical
behaviorism
John B. Watson was an important
contributor to classical behaviorism,
who paved the way for B. F. Skinner's
radical or operant behaviorism, which
has had a major impact on American
educational systems.
23. Basics of
Theory
In The Ways of Behaviorism, Watson
states that behaviorism is the scientific
study of human behavior.
24. Basics of
Theory
Behaviorism is simply the study of what
people do.
25. Basics of
Theory
Behaviorism is intended to take
psychology up to the same level as other
sciences.
26. Basics of
Theory
The first task is to observe behavior and
make predictions, then to take determine
causal relationships.
27. Basics of
Theory
Behavior can be reduced to relationships
between stimuli and responses, the S --R Model
28. Basics of
Theory
A stimulus can be shown to cause a
response or a response can be traced
back to a stimulus.
29. Basics of
Theory
All behavior can be reduced to this basic
component. According to Watson’s,
"life's most complicated acts are but
combinations of these simple stimulusresponse patterns of behavior."
30. Basics of
Theory
Conditioning is the process of learning
to react to the environment.
31. Basics of
Theory
Many behaviors have been previously
conditioned in the human species by the
environment.
32. Basics of
Theory
To gain control of a subject of study the
behaviorist must know difference
between what behaviors have been
preconditioned and what was inherited
from past generations.
33. Basics of
Theory
Gardner Murphy wrote in his book, An
Historical Introduction to Modern
Psychology, that some "believe that all
learning is simply conditioning, and that
the conditioned response is the true unit
of learned behavior."
34. Basics of
Theory
The behaviorist is purely objective.
35. Strengths
and
Weaknesses
The position is taken that the behavior of
man and the behavior of animals must
be considered the same.
36. Connection
Skinner
B.F. Skinner and J.B. Watson shared
similar positions on all key issues.
37.
Differences. The argument that
Skinner’s and Watson’s positions
greatly overlapped is often based on the
assumption that they believed:
(a) Verbal behavior is stimulus-response
chains
(b) Thinking is sub-vocal speech.
Neither is correct.
38.
Skinner’s Verbal Behavior is an operant
analysis and a far more sophisticated
account than Watson’ S-R analysis of
language.
39.
Skinner and Watson differed on many
key issues. Two issues they disagreed on
are:
40.
(1) Role of operant (Skinner)-vsrespondent (Watson) models in verbal
behavior.
41.
(2) According to Baer. They also
differed on the value of emphasizing
redefinitions of mentalistic terms
because this practices “proved to be
awkward and inappropriate, and
Watsonianism was, in fact, practically
wrecked in the attempt to make them
work”.
42. How does
this apply?
Currently we are using the behaviorism
model to promote positive behaviors.
43.
The End
Watson’s theory of behaviorism will be
used for centuries to come.
Many scientists and psychologist will
argue their positions on behaviorisms.
However, I feel there is much validity to
his research. I hope you have learned the
basics about Watson’s behaviorism
theory. His theory continues to be
studied at universities across the nation
by at the undergraduate level and
graduate level.
Bibliography
Buckley, K. W. (1989). Mechanical Man. New York London: The Guilford Press.
Hothersall, David. 1995. History of Psychology. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Murphy, G. (1930). An historical introduction to modern psychology. New York, NY: Harcourt,
Brace & Company, Inc.
Watson, J. (1913). Psychology as the Behaviorist Views it. Psychological Review, 20, 158-177.
Watson, J. (1928). The ways of behaviorism. New York, NY: Harper & Brothers Pub.
Green, Christopher D. Classics in the History of Psychology , An internet resource, York
University, Toronto, Ontario.
Baer DM, Wolf MM, Risley TR (1968). “Some current dimensions of applied behavior
analysis“. J Appl Behav Analysis 1(1): 91-97