Cardiovascular System
• Understand the concept of the heart as a double pump
• Identify what are the immediate effect of exercise on the cardiovascular system
Our Learning Objectives
Write them down so we can tick them off!
By the end of the lesson you should be able
to:
1.Be able to name at least 2 immediate
effects of exercise
2.Be able to explain Heart Rate and Blood
Pressure.
Task 1
Using your simple diagram of the heart:
1. Label the left and right side
2. Label the atrium
3. Label the ventricles
4. Draw arrows to indicate where blood is pumped in from the body and lungs.
5. Draw arrows to indicate where blood is pumped in to the body and lungs.
6. Use colours or labels to indicate which is side is deoxygenated and
oxygenated.
7. Write a brief paragraph summarising how the heart works using the diagram
you have labelled.
Cardiac system
The four chambers of the heart have special names:
An upper chamber is
called an atrium (plural: atria).
right
atrium
left
atrium
right
ventricle
left
ventricle
A lower chamber is called a ventricle.
The circulatory system
Immediate effects of exercise
Lets give it a go…
• Take you Resting Heart rate …………
• Exercise, then take your Working heart
rate …………..
Immediate effects of exercise
• What happens to your pulse?
Why?
• When feeling for your pulse was this
easier or harder?
Why?
The Immediate effects of exercise on the
Cardiovascular system
***Know These!!!!!!
• Increased Heart Rate
• Increased Blood Pressure
• Systolic/Diastolic Pressure
Why/How do these happen…….
Immediate Effects of Exercise
Increased Heart Rate
Increased Blood Pressure
Increased Systole/Diastole
Why this occurs
Heart Rate
Definition: The number of times the heart beats
per minute. (Write this down!)
For a normal person this is approx. 60-80 beats per minute
Why this happens:
• When the body works harder it requires more oxygen and nutrients to
meet the demands of exercise
• Oxygen and nutrients are carried to the muscles in blood, therefore the
heart has to work faster to pump more blood around the body.
• The heart rate is increased by the release of the release of adrenaline
(hormone).
• The heart rate also needs to increase in order to remove carbon dioxide
and lactic acid.
Blood Pressure
Definition: the force exerted by the circulating blood
on the walls of the blood vessels.
This increases during exercise because more blood is
being pumped around the body increasing the
pressure on the blood vessels.
A blood pressure meter is used to measure systolic and
diastolic blood pressure.
Systolic and diastolic blood pressure explained……
Systolic/Diastolic pressure
Systolic:
• where blood pressure is at its maximum
(pumping out of the heart).
• This rises with activity or excitement as more
blood is needed by the body
Diastolic
• The pressure of the blood during the relaxation
phase between heart beats (when the heart is
at rest)
• This depends mainly on the elasticity of the
arteries and quality of the vessels.
Blood Pressure
• The heart makes 2 beating sounds Systole and Diastole.
• Systole: This is made by the lower chambers
(ventricles) contracting and pushing the blood at high
pressure into the arteries and out of the heart.
• Diastole: Is the second sound and this is made by the
upper chambers (arterioles) contracting to push the
blood into the lower chambers (Ventricles).
• The actual sound we hear is the valves opening and
closing.
Blood Pressure
Abnormal blood pressure
High
Systolic – persistently above 140mmHg
Diastolic – persistently above 85mmHg
Low
Systolic – persistently below 90mmHg
Diastolic – persistently below 60mmHg
Causes!!!
•
•
•
•
•
•
Overweight
Alcohol
Smoking
Too much salt
Stress/Anxiety/Worry
Not enough exercise
Questions
1.
•
•
•
•
Fill in the blanks using the word arteries or veins.
I. ………………………………. Work under high pressure
ii. ………………………………. Rarely pulsate
iii. ……………………………….have thick walls
iv. ……………………………….have elastic walls.
2. Define Heart rate and explain how this changes during exercise
3. Provide 2 reasons why this change occurs.
4. Define blood pressure and explain what happens to this during exercise
5. What is the difference between systolic and diastolic pressure
6. What causes high blood pressure?
HOMEWORK
Create a poster highlighting all the
IMMEDIATE effects of exercise on each
of the bodies systems
• Skeletal – doesn’t have any
• Muscular
• Respiratory
• Circulatory
*Use notes, GCSE websites and power
points on the parent drive to help!