CHILD CARE & DEVELOPMENT
INFANT STUDY GUIDE CH. 7-10
CH. 7
1. The changes in an infant’s length, weight, and appearance of teeth is referred to as ____?
2. Infants body proportions differ from those of adults, how is their head in comparison to their
length?
3. The use and control over muscles that direct body movement is _____?
4. Learning to use and control large muscles, such as the truck, arms, and legs, for crawling and
walking is _____?
5. Learning to use and control small muscles, such as hands, feet, fingers, and toes, eventually to
be used for buttoning and cutting is _____?
6. Motor development occurs in two directions, what are they _____?
7. The ability for an infant to move from place to place is _____?
8. Infants do this by pulling with their arms, keeping their abdomens to the floor ____?
9. Infants do this by using their hands and knees or hands and feet, like a bear crawl _____?
10. When infants walk around while always holding something for support, it is called _____?
CH. 8
11. How people learn, what they learn, and how they express what they know through language,
as well as how infants react to stimuli is _____?
12. Sound, light, and other people are this to an infant _____?
13. Organizing information, such as how things are like and different, that comes through the
senses is _____?
14. At what age can infants tell the difference in the sounds of words such as mama and daddy?
15. In what three ways do infant preferences change?
CH. 8 CONT.
16. What colors do infants prefer around 3-6 months?
17. What is the act or process of knowing or understanding that gives meaning to perceptions
called ____?
18. How does psychologist Piaget believe infants learn?
19. What is the sensorimotor stage?
20. At what age does Piaget believe infants apply all of their learnings to solve problems?
21. When infants do what they see others do, it is _____?
22. An idea formed by combining what is known about people, places, objects, qualities, or
events is _____?
23. Give an example of object constancy.
24. Object concept has two parts, what are they?
25. What is the difference between object identity and object permanence?
26. When infants make sounds, such as ba, da, ga, it is called _____?
27. What is reduplication babbling?
28. What is the difference between active vocabulary and passive vocabulary?
CH. 9
29. What are the three parts of social-emotional development?
30. The tendency to react in a certain way, such as being happy or fussy, is _____?
31. What is another name for temperament?
32. What are the three characteristic groups of an infant’s temperament?
33. What three aspects are the focus of an infant’s social development?
CH. 9 CONT.
34. What stage of personality development does psychologist Erikson say happens to infants?
35. Name some attachment behaviors.
36. Thoughts that lead to feelings are _____?
37. Give an example of infant fear of the unknown.
38. Give an example of infant fear learned from direct experiences.
39. What is the first anxiety of an infant, and at what age does it most often occur?
40. What is the difference between dependence and independence?
41. Infants lack language skills, so how do they express their anger?
CH. 10
42. How do adults meet infants’ physical needs?
43. How do adults meet infants’ social-emotional needs?
44. How do adults meet infants’ mental needs?
45. At what age do doctors recommend starting solid foods?
46. Give some examples of solid foods for infants.
47. How often should new foods be introduced to an infant? Why?
48. What foods should adults avoid giving to infants?
49. Gradually taking the infant off of the bottle or the breast is called _____?
50. What is the reflexive response an infant has during a first spoon feeding?
51. Why do adults need to watch infants while they are eating finger foods?
52. When does an infant need shoes?
CH. 10 CONT.
53. When can adults begin giving an infant a tub (or sink) bath?
54. Why is important for infants to have routines for feeding, baths, bedtime, etc…?
55. When an infant cries at night, should an adult play with the baby to comfort them? Why or
why not?
56. What is SIDS?
57. What are some risk factors for SIDS?
58. What kind of environment offers infants a chance to learn?
59. What happens if too many activities are introduced to an infant?
60. Give an example of a sensory stimulation activity for an infant.
61. What is one of the first games that teaches problem solving to an infant?
62. The working together of muscles in movements is _____?
63. Give an example of an activity that encourages gross-motor skills.
64. Give an example of an activity that encourages fine-motor skills.
65. How do infants learn language?
66. What is one of the first language action games for an infant?
67. In the first year, infants develop an understanding of themselves and what they can do that is
called _____?
68. In what ways do mirrors increase an infant’s self-awareness?
69. What must infants do to objects before learning to share them?
70. How can parents recognize developmental delays in infants?