Birthplace of Three Religions
Three of the world's religions-- Judaism,
Christianity, and Islam have their roots
in SW Asia (Middle East).
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Judaism- Abraham (Mesopotamia)
Christianity- Jesus Christ (Israel)
Islam- Muhammad (Saudi Arabia)
Jerusalem/ Dome of the Rock
Judaism- Abraham & Isaac, King Solomon's temple
Christianity- Abraham & Isaac
Islam- Spot where Mohammad ascended into heaven.
The sacred rock over which the Dome of the Rock is built was considered holy before
the arrival of Islam. Jews believed, and still believe, the rock to be the very place
where Abraham prepared to sacrifice Isaac (an event which Muslims place in Mecca). In
addition, the Dome of the Rock (or the adjacent Dome of the Chain) is believed by many
to stand directly over the site of the Holy of Holies of both Solomon's Temple and
Herod's Temple.
Judaism
• Judaism is the oldest
monotheistic religion.
• Abraham is regarded
as the father of the
Jewish people.
.
Beliefs/Sacred Texts
• Jews believe God made a
covenant with Abraham
that his descendants
would be God’s chosen
people. In return they
would have to keep God’s
laws.
].
• God gave the Jewish
people the 10
Commandants and other
rules to live by (contained
in the Torah, the first five
books of the Bible).
Gone Fishin’
• Moses led the Jews
out from captivity in
Egypt.
What it may have been like fishing
with Moses.
Jewish beliefs
• The Torah consists of the
five books revealed to
Moses, also called the
Pentateuch, and is the
most important part of the
Hebrew Bible.
• The name for a Jewish
place of worship is a
synagogue.
• The Hebrew word for God
is Yahweh.
.
Has anyone heard of these
Jewish Holidays?
• Rosh Hashanah: The
beginning of the Jewish New
Year.
• Hanukkah: An eight day
festival which
commemorates the rededication of the temple in
Jerusalem.
• Passover: Week long
memorial retelling the
Israelites’ release from
Egypt.
Christianity
• Christianity takes its name
from the Greek word ‘Christ’,
meaning Anointed One, whom
Christians believe was Jesus,
the son of God.
• Jesus was born in Bethlehem,
near Jerusalem and grew up
as a Jewish boy.
• At about the age of 30 he
began three years of traveling
and teaching. He taught a new
way of drawing upon the
Jewish tradition.
Spread of Christianity
• He revealed himself to
be the Son of God.
• He claimed to be the
Messiah.
• The holy book of
Christianity is the
Bible.
• The place of worship
for Christians is a
church.
The yellow areas show the spread of Christianity
from 200 CE to 400 CE.
Have you heard of these
Christian holidays?
• Christmas (December 25): The
celebration of Jesus’ birth
• Easter: The holiest period of the
Christian calendar. It begins with
Good Friday, which solemnly
commemorates Jesus’ crucifixion,
and continues until Easter Sunday
which celebrates the resurrection
of Jesus.
Islam
• Islam means
submission to Allah
(God). Islam was
revealed to the
Prophet
Muhammad (the
founder of Islam).
Location of the holy city of Mecca in
Saudi Arabia
Islam continued . . .
The Grand Mosque in Mecca, Saudi Arabia. It is the largest mosque in
the world and surrounds one of Islam's holiest places, the Kaaba.
Muslims face in the direction of the Kaaba while performing Salat. One
of the Five Pillars of Islam requires every Muslim to perform
the Hajj pilgrimage at least once in his or her lifetime if able to do so,
includes circumambulation of the Kaaba.
Islam continued . . .
The Qur’an, holy text of Islam.
• Muhammad continued
receiving messages from
God throughout the later
part of his life.
• He memorized these
messages and passed
them on to his followers.
After his death they were
collected and written
down in the Qur’an
(Koran).
The Five Pillars of Islam
The practice of religious faith is also built on the
five pillars of Islam:
Declaration of faith: "I bear witness that there is no god, but God; I bear
witness that Muhammad is the prophet of God." By reciting this, one enters
Islamic faith.
Prayer: Muslims are required to pray five times a day and facing in the
direction of Mecca while praying.
Charity: Muslims are required to give away a percentage of their earnings to
those less fortunate, regardless of their religion.
Fasting: Muslims fast for one lunar month each year, a period called
Ramadan. During this time, Muslims reflect on their behavior and strive to
purify their thoughts.
Pilgrimage: If it is financially possible, Muslims are required to travel to Mecca
once in their lifetime.
Understanding Political Cartoons
In this political cartoon, why is
this man’s question silly?
Hey, Jack!
Which way's Mecca?
Have you heard of any of this
Islamic holiday?
• Ramadan:
Celebrates the gift of
the Qur'an. During the
month of Ramadan,
Muslims must fast
between sunrise and
sunset.