National Unification in Italy
and Germany
HST 112
Lecture 8
Ethan Pollock
Lecture Outline
I.
II.
III.
IV.
What is a nation?
Italian Unification (1858-1861)
German Unification (1862-1871)
Nationalism as a Divisive Force
Key Terms
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Risorgimento
Piedmont-Sardinia
Mazzini
Cavour
Garibaldi
Victor Emmanuel II
Habsburg Dynasty
(Austria)
•
•
•
•
Prussia
Bismarck
Junker
Franco-Prussian War
(1870-1871)
• Realpolitik
I. What is a nation?
II. Italian Unification (1858-1861)
Timeline:
A. Legacy of 1848 – Competing Goals
1848 Revolutions in
Europe
B. Possible Sources of Leadership
1853-56 Crimean War
1859 PiedmontSardinia at war
with Austria
C. Alliances and Warfare
1860 Treaty of Turin
D. Garibaldi
1866 Venetia to Italy
1871 Papal States to
Italy
E. Completion of the Unification
Mazzini
Cavour
II. Italian Unification (1858-1861)
Timeline:
A. Legacy of 1848 – Competing Goals
1848 Revolutions in
Europe
B. Possible Sources of Leadership
1853-56 Crimean War
1859 PiedmontSardinia at war
with Austria
C. Alliances and Warfare
1860 Treaty of Turin
D. Garibaldi
1866 Venetia to Italy
1871 Papal States to
Italy
E. Completion of the Unification
Garibaldi
III. German Unification (1862-1871)
Timeline:
1848 Revolutions in
Europe
1862 Bismarck
appointed Prime
Minister
A. Legacy of 1848 – competing goals
B. William I and Bismarck
C. Prussian Leadership in War
1864 Prussia at war
with Danes
D. North German Confederation
1866 Prussia at war
with Austria
1870-1871 FrancoPrussian War
E. Franco-Prussian War
III. German Unification (1862-1871)
Timeline:
1848 Revolutions in
Europe
1862 Bismarck
appointed Prime
Minister
A. Legacy of 1848 – competing goals
B. William I and Bismarck
C. Prussian Leadership in War
1864 Prussia at war
with Danes
D. North German Confederation
1866 Prussia at war
with Austria
1870-1871 FrancoPrussian War
E. Franco-Prussian War
Bismarck
III. German Unification (1862-1871)
Timeline:
1848 Revolutions in
Europe
1862 Bismarck
appointed Prime
Minister
A. Legacy of 1848 – competing goals
B. William I and Bismarck
C. Prussian Leadership in War
1864 Prussia at war
with Danes
D. North German Confederation
1866 Prussia at war
with Austria
1870-1871 FrancoPrussian War
E. Franco-Prussian War
IV. Nationalism as a Divisive Force
A.
The Austrian Empire
B. The Ottoman Empire
C. The Russian Empire
D. Great Britain, United States, Germany,
Italy, France