BELLWORK
OBJ: SWBAT COMPARE & CONTRAST DNA WITH RNA
1. What does DNA stand for?
2. Based on your answer to #1, predict what RNA stands for?
3. Do all living things have DNA, why or why not?
4. What other materials will you bring tomorrow to put on your
science fair poster?
Take out your slates
If you do not bring sci. fair board
materials tomorrow:
-if you have already built your FINAL board, you may
work on other classwork.
-if it is ‘at home’ or you didn’t do it or have it: you
will help clean up the classroom and do any menial
tasks I have for you.
RNA & Central Dogma
Look at the compare/contrast RNA and DNA diagram in
front of you.
With your partner write down at least 3 differences and
3 similiarities between DNA and RNA on your slate.
Think: Why might these differences exist?
DNA vs RNA
•How many
nucleotides?
•3 parts of a
nucleotide?
•What does
the “B” stand
for?
Deoxyribonucleic
Acid
DNA vs RNA
What’s the
difference?
•How many
nucleotides?
•3 parts of a
nucleotide?
OH!
•What does
the “B” stand
for?
Deoxyribonucleic
Acid
Ribonucleic
Acid
Remember this?
Structure is
related to
function!
What are DNA’s
2 functions?
RNA Structure Notes
•RIBOSE is the sugar in
RNA nucleotides (instead
of deoxyribose)
RNA Structure Notes
•RIBOSE is the sugar in
RNA nucleotides (instead
of deoxyribose)
•Uracil (U) is used instead
of T
RNA Structure Notes
•RIBOSE is the sugar in
RNA nucleotides (instead
of deoxyribose)
•Uracil (U) is used instead
of T
•RNA is usually singlestranded
Vote by sign language:
DNA
RNA
DNA
AGCCTGCTA
TCGGACGAT
RNA
NA
RNA
NA
Try this

What might it look like if you turned this double
stranded DNA molecule into an RNA copy?
AGTTCGA
TCAAGCT
RNA:
UCAAGCU
Which DNA strand
would this RNA be the
COMPLEMENT of?
Try this

What might it look like if you turned this double
stranded DNA molecule into an RNA copy?
AGTTCGA
TCAAGCT
RNA:
UCAAGCU
Which DNA strand
would this RNA be the
COMPLEMENT of?
AGUUCGA
Do the RNA
complement for the
bottom DNA strand
DNA vs RNA
Hint: other
names for
RNA
messenger RNA
ribosomal RNA
transfer RNA
RNA has a
different
structure…
predict it’s
functions
(jobs)
Central Dogma (“Big Idea”) of Biology
DNA
RNA’s
function is
to make
proteins!
DNA stores
information
to run cell
RNA
Protein
Proteins
actually
DO the
work in
the cell
Why are proteins so important?


Proteins are made of tiny subunits…what are they
called?
What are some functions of
proteins? (Hint:
)
 Chemical
Reactions (enzymes)
 Immune System (antibodies)
 Growth & Development (hormones)
 etc.
Types of RNA

mRNA: messenger RNA makes a copy (message)
of the information stored in DNA & moves the info
out of the nucleus! (DNA doesn’t leave nucleus)
Codons are 3 letter “words” that
make up the message- it’s a recipe
for a protein
Types of RNA

rRNA: ribosomal RNA folds into a ribosome which
reads the mRNA codons and connects amino acids
into a chain that will become a protein
rRNA folds into 2
subunits (large & small)
Together, they make
the ribosome!
Realistic image of
rRNA folded into a
ribosome
Types of RNA

tRNA: transfer RNA transports amino acids to the
ribosome, and uses an anti-codon to match the
correct amino acid to the correct mRNA codon. It
then transfers amino acids to the growing chain.
tRNA is
T-shaped!
Turn to your neighbor

Summarize the 3 types of RNA and how each is
related to protein synthesis
Practice Putting It All Together
Which of the following am I showing/describing?
DNA
mRNA
rRNA
tRNA
Protein
Practice Putting It All Together
Which of the following am I showing/describing?
DNA
mRNA
rRNA
tRNA
Protein
Amino Acids
are the small
subunits of
___________
Practice Putting It All Together
Which of the following am I showing/describing?
DNA
mRNA
rRNA
tRNA
Protein
Made with
Uracil (U)
instead of T:
___________
Practice Putting It All Together
Which of the following am I showing/describing?
DNA
mRNA
rRNA
tRNA
Protein
Practice Putting It All Together
Which of the following am I showing/describing?
DNA
mRNA
rRNA
tRNA
Protein
The central dogma of
biology says that
______  RNA  Protein
Practice Putting It All Together
Which of the following am I showing/describing?
DNA
mRNA
rRNA
tRNA
Protein
Transports amino
acids to the
ribosome:
___________
Practice Putting It All Together
Which of the following am I showing/describing?
DNA
mRNA
rRNA
tRNA
Protein
Practice Putting It All Together
Which of the following am I showing/describing?
DNA
mRNA
rRNA
tRNA
Protein
Practice Putting It All Together
Which of the following am I showing/describing?
DNA
mRNA
rRNA
tRNA
Protein
Reads mRNA and
assembles amino
acids into a chain:
___________
Practice Putting It All Together
Which of the following am I showing/describing?
DNA
mRNA
rRNA
tRNA
Protein
A copy of the information
in DNA that can be taken
out of the nucleus:
___________
Why not skip the DNA step?
DNA
RNA’s
function is
to make
proteins!
DNA stores
information
to run cell
RNA
Protein
Proteins
actually
DO the
work in
the cell
Closure- Structure & Function of DNA & RNA
DNA
RNA
*When you are finished work on the DNA/RNA worksheet*