Verbs
Tenses
Verb Tenses
Past – already happened
Present – happening now
Future – will happen
Verb Forms
Better known as:
Principle Parts
of a Verb
Verb Forms
The principle parts of
verbs are used to
express time for regular
and irregular verbs.
The Principle Parts of Verbs
Base or Infinite: Is the
dictionary form of the verb
(help)
Present Participle: helping
verb plus “ing”
(is helping)
The Principle Parts of Verbs
Past: adding ed to the base verb
(helped)
Past Participle: adding the
helping verb have
(have helped)
Regular Verbs
A regular verb forms
its past and past
participle by adding –
d or –ed to the base
form.
Base
(regular
verb)
Present
Participle
(Helping verb –
am, are, is)
wash
Past
Past
Participle
(Helping verb –
has, had, have)
is
washed have
washing
washed
hop
am
hopped
has
hopping
hopped
use are using used had used
Present Participle
All verbs in the present
participle are regular!
Spelling Present Participles
Most regular verbs that end in –
e drop the –e before adding –
ing. Some regular verbs double
the final consonant before
adding –ing or –ed.
Examples
cause causing caused
drop dropping dropped
Quick Notes
One common error in
forming the past or past
participle of a regular
verb is to leave off the –d
or –ed ending.
Examples
Incorrect:
Josh was suppose to meet us
here.
Correct:
Josh was supposed to meet us
here.
Examples
• The audience _____ with laughter.
(roar)
• The curtains are ______ dust. (collect)
• Latisha is _____ the directions. (follow)
• I had ____ to do that. (plan)
• Alex ____ lemonade yesterday. (serve)
• Many farmers have _____ against the
new tax laws. (rebel)
Verbs
Tenses
Irregular Verbs
Irregular Verbs
An irregular verb forms its
past and past participle in
some other way than by
adding –d or –ed to the
base form.
Irregular Verbs
An irregular verb forms
its past and past
participle in one of the
following ways:
Changing Vowels
Base
Present Past
Past
Participle
Participle
(Not irregular)
win is winning won have won
sing is singing sang have sung
hold is holding held have held
Changing Consonants
Base
Past
make
made
Past
Participle
have made
lend
lent
have lent
hear
heard
have heard
Changing Vowels and
Consonants
Base
Past
catch caught
Past
Participle
have caught
draw
tear
have drawn
have torn
drew
tore
Making No Change
Base
Past
Past
Participle
burst
burst
[have] Burst
cut
cut
[have] cut
hurt
hurt
[have] hurt
Examples
• Judy _____ the world record. (break)
• Coretta has _____ to research
whales. (go)
• Larry ___ his lunch. (make)
• Our family _____ to the lake. (drive)
• She has ____ her leg. (hurt)
• The concert has not _____. (begin)