Article 1 (scholarly) Article 2 (popular) 1. What type of publication was this article published in? What are the credentials of the author? • • Scholarly Journals PhD, professors, scholars, academics • • Discussion: Type of publication and the author’s credentials are often used to judge the authority of an article. What are some of the pro’s and con’s of this system? What voices might be excluded from the conversation because of it? • • • • Easy to figure out what’s scholarly or not, clear venues for scholarly work Cons, good work in non-scholarly sources may be ignored Native, indigenous voices excluded Eg. Residents of Cordoba or Muslim voices, etc. 2. Who is the intended audience? How does the intended audience effect the use of design, layout, and images that are employed? • • • Other scholars are the intended audience Design is intended to convey seriousness Layout is matter-of-fact, has abstract, citations. Images are mostly used to analyze not for aesthetics Has abstract • • • • • • • • • Discussion: Visual cues can instantly alert you to the type of article you are reading. This skill can be useful, but how can it also be misleading? Can you question the publication’s attempt to convince you of its authority? How can you develop the ability to judge a source based on other criteria? • • 3. How does the intended audience affect the language and writing style of the articles? What does the article assume the reader knows already? • • Discussion: How is the author of the scholarly article demonstrating that they are part of a scholarly conversation? What is the purpose of their engagement with previous, even sometimes conflicting scholarship? • • • • • • • Popular magazine/newspaper Journalist/Critic General public is the intended audience Design is intended to entice readers and to entertain Layout is more visual Images may be used simply for aesthetics Ads, comments, other distractions Meant to bring you to other articles through links Pulled out quotes and section headings to help you read Useful information can come from non-traditional sources Professional layout can lead you to trust a source or argument that may have flaws, isn’t intrinsically linked to quality On the web, scholarly sources may not have the best design. Need to be able to analyze and evaluate the argument and construction of the article, look for the quality of the writing and argumentation. Assumes you know the background info Uses the language of the discipline (jargon, dense and complicated writing), confers authority & demonstrates understanding of the field or a theory. Can be more precise and encapsulate complicated ideas in a word. • • Writing is meant to be understandable and interesting to a larger audience They will cover the basic facts, use more general/engaging language. Through citation and mention of other articles, through use of their theories, etc. Demonstrate they are an expert, and part of the academic community Prove the novelty of their argument, they have original ideas that haven’t been said before Counter opposing arguments that they assume their audience has read. Tie into the work that has come before, present an evolution of previous thinking or even a complete change. Scholarly Article Popular Article 4. What is the difference in length of the articles? How do the authors support their argument? What evidence do they use to support their claims? • • • • • With citations Visual Analysis Archives and primary sources Theory based arguments Articles are longer to allow arguments to be made and supported • • • • • Discussion: What is each article trying to achieve? What is its purpose or point? How does this affect the attempts to “construct authority” and how does it help them achieve their purpose? • Both articles are trying to convince of you of something, scholarly article is making an academic argument, popular is convincing you to go to Cordoba Convince you the author is the authority who can make the argument “right person” Having authority lends weight and credence to their argument. You are more likely to believe an academic article that does all the things in 1-3. More likely to trust a reporter in who does 1-3 5. For what questions or in what contexts could you use each of these types of sources? What kind of information could you get from each? • • • • • For academic papers Want to know other theories on a subject How have scholars analyzed this in the past, evolution of argument • • • • • Discussion: Beyond just verifying or proving facts, what are several other purposes for citing sources in an academic paper? Articles are shorter for easier consumption Interviews Using scholarly articles On-the-ground reporting Opinions and editorials, emotional arguments For travel information. Should I go to Cordoba? When you want to know public reactions and opinions at the time To get the facts: who what where when To get a more approachable coverage of topics that appear in scholarly journals When you have a very recent/contemporary issue Scholarly • Follow and engage with scholarly discourse on this theme • How have scholars analyzed similar ideas or topics, and apply to your case • Critique their ideas and present alternatives (countering the efforts to convince you of their authority) • Combine with the ideas of others to create a new argument Popular • As a primary source to gage: public reactions and opinions at the time • Verify events, yes that thing happened • May be only thing written on recent/contemporary issues • Reviews & interviews, the artists opinion Selections from Legacy of Muslim Spain 1. What type of publications were these articles published in? What are the credentials of the authors? Discussion: Type of publication and the author’s credentials are often used to judge the authority of an article. What are some of the pro’s and con’s of this system? What voices might be excluded from the conversation because of it? 2. Who is the intended audience? How does the intended audience effect the use of design, layout, and images that are employed? Discussion: Visual cues can instantly alert you to the type of article you are reading. This skill can be useful, but how can it also be misleading? Can you question the publication’s attempt to convince you of its authority? How can you develop the ability to judge a source based on other criteria? 3. How does the intended audience affect the language and writing style of the articles? What do the articles assume the reader knows already? Discussion: How is the author of the scholarly article demonstrating that they are part of a scholarly conversation? What is the purpose of their engagement with previous, even sometimes conflicting scholarship? 4. What is the difference in length of the articles? How do the authors support their argument? What evidence do they use to support their claims? Discussion: What is each article trying to achieve? What is its purpose or point? How does this affect the attempts to “construct authority” and how does it help them achieve their purpose? 5. For what questions or in what contexts could you use each of these types of sources? What kind of information could you get from each? Discussion: Beyond just verifying or proving facts, what are several other purposes for citing sources in an academic paper? Cordoba: The City that Changed the World