New College English
Unit Six
I Preparation
III Further Development
II Reading Activities
IV Translation & Writing
Part I
1. Word association
2. The pet show
Preparation
Activity 1 Word association
Directions: Work in groups to list as many animal names as
possible and write them on the chalkboard. The group who
gets the most animal names wins.
Activity 1 Word association
Sample
ant, antelope, bat, bear, beaver, bee, bird, bull, butterfly, camel,
cat, chicken, cod, cow, crab, crocodile, cuttlefish, deer, dog,
dolphin, donkey, dragonfly, duck, eagle, eel, elephant, fish, fly,
fox, frog, goat, goose, giraffe, hippo, horse, lion, lizard, mandarin
duck, monkey, mosquito, mouse, mule, ostrich, owl, panda,
parrot, peacock, paenuim, pig, pigeon, pony, rabbit, rat, rhino,
salmon, scorpion, sea, lion, shark, sheep, shrimp, skunk, snail,
snake, spider, squirrel, swallow, tiger, tortoise, turkey, turtle,
weasel, whale, worm, zebra
Activity 2 The pet show
Directions: Work in groups to find the solution.
May, Beth, and Kim all entered their pets in the annual pet show. Each
animal did a trick and won a prize. Read the following hints and then
match each girl with her pet, its trick and its prize. Use the process of
elimination.
1) May’s pet took third place
2) The bird does not speak
3) The snake can roll over and play dead
4) The first place pet jumps.
5) Beth had a bird.
6) The snake was second.
Activity 2 Interpreting Body language
Sample
May: dog, speak, third
Beth: bird, jump, first
Kim: snake, roll over and play dead, second
Part II
Reading Activities
1. Pre-reading Questions
2. Text Organization
3. Sentence Study
4. Words & Phrases
Pre-reading Questions
Directions: Work in groups and answer the following questions.
Are you frightened of dogs? If so, Why?
When are animals aggressive?
When do people become aggressive?
Pre-reading Questions
Sample
Yes. I’m terrified of them because I feel they can
easily become fierce and nasty. They attack and
bite people. They also carry diseases.
---when they are threatened;
---when they are attacked or hurt
---when they want to protect their young
When they are put in certain situations:
--- in war
---in self-defense
---when tjey are extremely angry
---when they lack space and freedom.
Text Organization
Para.1
Man must be the most aggressive and cruel of all
living creatures
Para.2-4
The comparison of aggression in animals and human
Beings.
Para.5
Only if hostility and aggression can be expressed in
constructive activity and non-violent competition, will
the human race be able to survive.
Sentence Study
1.
2.
Normally one animal will only kill another for food, and
rarely does an animal kill a member of its own species.
(Line 6)
Only if hostility and aggression can be expressed in
constructive activity and non-violent competition, will
the human race be able to survive. (Line 61)
以上两句都是部分倒装（助动词提前，实义动词仍在主语之后）
的句子。
【例句】
(1) Beijing has reiterated that under no circumstances will
China use nuclear weapons first.
Sentence Study
2. It is not surprising if in these conditions people
behave aggressively towards each other. (Line 31)
【句型】It is not surprising if sth. happens
如果发生了什么事，人们不会感到吃惊。
【例句】
(1) It is not surprising in Japan if a woman quits her job permanently after
having a child.
Sentence Study
3. A tiger that once came out of the jungle into a village and
attacked a man was later found to have an injured paw
that had evidently prevented it from hunting its usual
prey. (Line 10)
【句型】此句中两个 that 从句都是定语从句。本文作者多用主从复合
句来表达事物内部错综复杂的逻辑关系，体现了文章逻辑思维缜密
的特点。
【译文】有一只老虎从丛林跑到村庄来，袭击了人。人们后来发现原来
它的爪子受了伤，使它显然不能像平时那样去猎食。
Words & Phrases
1. aggressive
aggressively
adj.好争吵的；有进取心的；有冲劲的
adv.
【例句】
He appeared to be now in a less aggressive mood.
An aggressive young man can go far in this university.
Words & Phrases
2. assert v.
1) (assert oneself) say clearly what you think
坚持自己的想法、 权利、意见
2) state or declare forcefully
断言，宣称，声明
【例句】
Don’t be so shy. You need to learn to assert yourself.
Words & Phrases
3. centralized
adj. 集中的
centralize v. 集中
centralization
n.集中
【例句】
Under the old political system power was centralized in the hands of
one person.
The project centralizes the technical elites of the country.
Words & Phrases
4. intrude
v. 闯入,侵入
【例句】
I don’t want to intrude on them if they are busy.
The memory of her childhood kept intruding itself into her mind.
Part III
Further Development
1. Debate
Debate
Directions: The class is to divided into two groups and debate on
whether animals should be trained to help humans. Support
your arguments with convincing and clear evidence.
Group Discussion
Sample
Animals should be trained to help humans because:
 ---in this way we can make better use of the resources
on the earth;
 ---we can develop a closer relationship between
humans and animals;
 ---we can protect them better by giving them food
and shelter.
 ---animals are saving and wild and thus should not
have the same rights as humans;
 ---some animals have to be trained, for example, dogs
Group Discussion
Sample
Animals should not be trained because:
 ---animals should have the right to live freely;
 ---animals shouldnot be enslaved as the blacks used
to be;
 ----animals are not personal belongings of human
beings;
 ---animals should live peacefully in nature;
 Humans are selfish in doing so.
Part IV Translation & Writing
1. Translation Skills
2. Writing Practice
Translation Skills
名词性从句翻译
Translation Skills
名词性从句翻译（1）
英语中的名词性从句主要包括
主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同
位语从句。在翻译此类从句时，可以
采用直译法、倒译法，或者采用分译
法。
Translation Skills
1. 以“what”、“whatever”、“whoever”等代词引导的主语从句的翻译方
法
常见句型结构：
What/Whatever/Whoever+从句谓语（+从句其他成分）+主句谓语（+主句
其他成分），可以分别翻译成“所……的(东西)”、“所……的一切”、
“一切……的人”，有时也可将“所”省略。
e.g.
1. What is hard is to do good all one’s life and never do
anything bad.
（所）难的是一辈子做好事，不做坏事。（直译法）
Translation Skills
2．以“that”、“what”、“how”等引导的宾语从句
e.g.
1. These scientists decided to find out whether, as many
smokers say, smoking helps them to “think and
concentrate”.
这些科学家想要证实是否如许多吸烟者所说吸烟有助于他们思考并集
中注意力。（直译法）
Writing Practice
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a
composition on the topic: Should Animals Be Trained to Help Humans?
You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below
in Chinese.
1) 我们通常训练动物帮我们干活；
2) 不应该让动物帮助人类工作；
3) 动物应该拥有与人类同样的平等生存权利。
Writing Practice
Sample Writing
Sample
Should Animals Be Trained to Help Humans？
For thousands of years many animals have been trained to do
all sorts of jobs for human beings all over the world. Horses and
cows help farmers with their farming. Elephants and camels are
often seen carrying heavy load for their human masters. Monkeys
are trained as servants, dogs as hunters and sniffers, and dolphins
as soldiers.
Writing Practice
We should not train animals to work for humans, for we
have no right to take advantage of them. When we force them
to serve us, they have no freedom and are like slaves. What’s
more, a lot of animals lose their lives when they work for
humans. But, it seems that human beings don’t care about their
lives at all. We show no mercy to animals when they have done
so much for us. We are cold-blooded creatures and we should
criticize ourselves.
Writing Practice
As we know, both humans and animals are creatures of nature
and we are equals. Life belongs to us only once and therefore it
is priceless, and it is also true with animals. If we have the right to
choose our fate, so do animals. Beasts should be allowed to run
freely over great distances and birds fly freely in the blue sky.
When they are in nature, they are active and able to live a normal
life. In summary, we should treat animals in the same way we
treat other people, and furthermore, we should give animals their
freedom.