Head Office
10.0.0.1/8
S0
E0
192.168.1.1/24
LAN - 192.168.1.0/24
Branch Office
S1
10.0.0.2/8
E0
172.16.0.1/16
LAN – 172.16.0.0/16
Routing
• Routing is the process of moving packets from one
network to another network.
• Routing involves two basic activities:
– Determining best paths.
– Forwarding Packets through these paths.
Rules of Routing
• Head Office Ethernet interface should be in the
same network as your Head office LAN and similarly
on Branch Office side. Show Diagram
• Head Office S0 and Branch Office S1 should be in same
network. Show Diagram
• Head Office LAN and Branch Office LAN should be in
different Network. Show Diagram
• All interfaces of Router should be in different network.
Show Diagram
Types of Routing
• Static Routing
• Default Routing
• Dynamic Routing
Static Routing
• It is configured manually by Administrator.
• It is Secure & fast.
• Require Destination Network ID for configuration
• Used in Small Networks
• Administrative distance for Static Route is 0 and 1.
{Administrative Distance (AD) is the “trustworthiness” of
the routing information. AD range is 0-255, lesser the
Administrative distance, higher the priority}
Static Routing Network Diagram
Head Office
10.0.0.1/8
S0
E0
192.168.1.1/24
LAN - 192.168.1.0/24
Branch Office
S1
10.0.0.2/8
E0
172.16.0.1/16
LAN – 172.16.0.0/16
Routing Network Diagram
Head Office
10.0.0.1/8
S0
E0
192.168.1.1/24
LAN - 192.168.1.0/24
Branch Office
S1
10.0.0.2/8
E0
172.16.0.1/16
LAN – 172.16.0.0/16
Routing Network Diagram
Head Office
10.0.0.1/8
S0
E0
192.168.1.1/24
LAN - 192.168.1.0/24
Branch Office
S1
10.0.0.2/8
E0
172.16.0.1/16
LAN – 172.16.0.0/16
Routing Network Diagram
Head Office
10.0.0.1/8
S0
E0
192.168.1.1/24
LAN - 192.168.1.0/24
Branch Office
S1
10.0.0.2/8
E0
172.16.0.1/16
LAN – 172.16.0.0/16
Routing Network Diagram
Head Office
10.0.0.1/8
S0
E0
192.168.1.1/24
LAN - 192.168.1.0/24
Branch Office
11.0.0.1/8
S0
S1
10.0.0.2/8
E0
172.16.0.1/16
LAN – 172.16.0.0/16
Routing Network Diagram
Head Office
10.0.0.1/8
S0
E0
192.168.1.1/24
LAN - 192.168.1.0/24
Branch Office
S1
10.0.0.2/8
E0
172.16.0.1/16
LAN – 172.16.0.0/16
Microsoft Windows 2000 [Version 5.00.2195]
(C) Copyright 1985-2000 Microsoft Corp.
C:\> telnet 192.168.1.1
Connecting .....
================================
Welcome to Chennai Router
================================
User Access Verification
password : ****
Chennai> enable
password : ****
Chennai# configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Chennai(config)# interface serial 0
Chennai(config-if)# ip address 10.0.0.1 255.0.0.0
Chennai(config-if)# no shut
Chennai(config-if)# clockrate 64000
Chennai(config-if)# encapsulation hdlc
Chennai(config-if)# exit
Chennai(config)# exit
Chennai#
Diagram
Chennai# show ip route
Default gateway is not set
Host
Gateway
Last Use
Total Uses Interface
ICMP redirect cache is empty
Chennai# configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Chennai(config)# ip routing
Chennai(config)# ^Z
Chennai# show ip route
Enabling Routing
Router(config)#ip
Codes: C - connected,
S - static, I routing
- IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i- IS-IS, L1-IS-IS level-1, L2-IS-IS level-2,*- candidate default
U - per-user static route, o - ODR
Gateway of last resort is not set
C
192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0
C
10.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serial0
Chennai#
Diagram
Chennai# configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Chennai(config)# ip route 172.16.0.0 255.255.0.0 10.0.0.2
Chennai(config)# ^Z
Chennai# show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
Configuring
Route
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP
external, Static
O - OSPF,
IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external
1, N2 - OSPF
NSSA external
Router(config)#
ip routetype
<Destination
Network
ID> type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
<Destination
Subnet
Mask> candidate default
i- IS-IS, L1-IS-IS
level-1, L2-IS-IS
level-2,*<Next-hop
address >
U - per-user static
route, o IP
- ODR
Or
Gateway of last resort is not set
Router(config)# ip route <Destination Network ID>
<Destination
Subnet Mask>
C
192.168.1.0/24 is
directly connected,
Ethernet0
<Exitvia
interface
type><interface number>
S
172.16.0.0/16 [1/0]
10.0.0.2
C
10.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serial0
Chennai#
1 is nothing but
S – for Static Routing
Administrative Distance
Diagram
Microsoft Windows 2000 [Version 5.00.2195]
(C) Copyright 1985-2000 Microsoft Corp.
C:\> telnet 172.16.0.1
Connecting .....
================================
Welcome to Hyderabad1 Router
================================
User Access Verification
password : ****
Hyderabad1>enable
password : ****
Hyderabad1# configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Hyderabad1(config)# interface serial 1
Hyderabad1(config-if)# ip address 10.0.0.2 255.0.0.0
Hyderabad1(config-if)# no shut
Hyderabad1(config-if)# encapsulation hdlc
Hyderabad1(config-if)# exit
Hyderabad1(config)# exit
Hyderabad1#
Hyderabad1#
Diagram
Chennai# configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Chennai(config)# ip route 172.16.0.0 255.255.0.0 10.0.0.2
Chennai(config)# ^Z
Chennai# show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i- IS-IS, L1-IS-IS level-1, L2-IS-IS level-2,*- candidate default
U - per-user static route, o - ODR
Gateway of last resort is not set
C
192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0
S
172.16.0.0/16 [1/0] via 10.0.0.2
C
10.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serial0
Chennai# ping 172.16.0.10
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.2.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 40/43/44 ms
Chennai#
Diagram
Hyderabad1# configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Hyderabad1(config)# ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 S1
Hyderabad1(config)# ^Z
Hyderabad1# show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i- IS-IS, L1-IS-IS level-1, L2-IS-IS level-2,*- candidate default
U - per-user static route, o - ODR
Gateway of last resort is not set
C
172.16.0.0/16 is directly connected, Ethernet0
S
192.168.1.0 is directly connected, Serial1
C
10.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serial1
Hyderabad1# ping 192.168.1.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 40/43/44 ms
Hyderabad1#
Diagram