iSeries FTP made easy
Thibault Dambrine,
owner, TYLOGIX Consulting Inc.
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


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iSeries FTP made easy
Thibault Dambrine,
owner, TYLOGIX Consulting Inc.
FTP client/server considerations



FTP consists of two parts: the Client and the
Server.
The distinction between FTP client and FTP
server is from the viewpoint of where the FTP
commands are initiated, not from the viewpoint of
where the data resides.
The files being transferred may initially reside on
either system.
More information on www.tylogix.com
FTP conversation diagram
CLIENT
SERVER
FTP
FTP
TCP
TCP
IP
IP
Network Link
& Hardware
Network Link
& Hardware
More information on www.tylogix.com
LOOPBACK Address




With FTP, you can actually be your own Client and
Server, using the well-known address called
LOOPBACK. This is the equivalent of a “local
controller” in the APPC world
When you FTP to LOOPBACK, FTP will connect to
your own system using address 127.0.0.1.
The 127.0.0.1 address is consistent for ALL
implementations of FTP, the LOOPBACK handle for
127.0.0.1 is consistent for MOST implementations.
Practical for testing applications
ASCII vs. EBCDIC






EBCDIC is used nearly exclusively in IBM machines
(stands for Extended Binary Coded Decimal
Interchange Code)
ASCII is used by the rest of the world (stands for
American Standard Code for Information
Interchange)
FTP has to work with both
Conversion from ASCII to EBCDIC and back can be
done with a translation table
Note: the numeric data has to be ZONED
Note: ASCII and EBCDIC are “single byte” character
sets
More information on www.tylogix.com
Three types of transfers
ASCII

Use if you want to purposely translate your data to
ASCII - for example when the target system is a PC
or a UNIX machine
EBCDIC

Use if you want to purposely maintain EBCDIC
Coding - for example when the target system is an
IBM 390 or an other AS/400
BINARY

Use if you want to preserve the original content of
the file and ensure NO translation takes place in the
transfer of data. For example when transferring a
*SAVF or a graphic image
A very basic FTP application
When using FTP, the user will perform some or
all of the following operations:



Connect to a remote host
Define the transfer mode
Copy files to or from the remote host
More information on www.tylogix.com
Opening FTP screen:
FTP LOOPBACK initial screen
File Transfer Protocol
Previous FTP subcommands and messages:
Connecting to host LOOPBACK at address 127.0.0.1 using port 21.
220-QTCP at LOOPBACK.
220 Connection will close if idle more than 5 minutes.
Enter login ID (catda7):
===>_________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
F3=Exit
F6=Print
F17=Top
F18=Bottom
F9=Retrieve
F21=CL command line
The HELP command:
What can you do with FTP?
...................................................................
:
FTP Client Subcommands - Help
:
:
:
: !______
?______
ACCT___
APpend_
AScii__
Binary_
:
: CD_____
CDUp___
CLose__
DEBug__
DELete_
DIr____
:
: EBcdic_
Get____
Help___
LCd____
LOCSIte
LOCSTat
:
: LPwd___
LS_____
LType__
MDelete
MGet___
MKdir__
:
: MOde___
MPut___
NAmefmt
NOop___
Open___
PAss___
:
: PUt____
PWd____
QUIt___
QUOte__
REInitialize______
:
: REName_
RESet__
RMDir__
SENDPAsv__________
:
: SENDPOrt__________
SENDSite__________
SIte___
STAtus_
:
: STRuct_
SUnique
SYSCmd_
SYSTem_
TYpe___
User___
:
: Verbose
:
:...................................................................:
Note the short-cut commands (capitalized)
File naming convention when using FTP
Windows/NT/UNIX: PATH\FILE.EXTENSION
AS/400: LIBRARY/FILE.MEMBER



If you want to target or replace a particular member with FTP,
you can do so by adding the member in the command.
Note: In the AS/400 system LIBRARY, FILE and MEMBER
names can only be a maximum of 10 characters or fewer.
Unix, Windows-based systems do not have these restrictions.
File naming conventions may be a consideration when you
build FTP automated applications.
PUT/GET: FTP bread & butter
Typical PUT and GET instructions from an AS/400 to
an NT server could read as:


Put library/file.member
directory\file.extension
Get directory\file.extension
library/file.member (replace
Note:
The “(replace” in the Get example has no right bracket.
You can do a Put or a Get using well-known address
LOOPBACK
Practical (manual) experimenting
with FTP

On your own system, connected or not, you can
FTP to your own location by using the well-known
address LOOPBACK

First step to FTP, type

FTP LOOPBACK
or

FTP REMOTE
or

FTP IP-Address
FTP Put example using
LOOPBACK
Previous FTP subcommands and messages:
Connecting to host LOOPBACK at address 127.0.0.1 using port 21.
220-QTCP at LOOPBACK.
220 Connection will close if idle more than 5 minutes.
> catda7
331 Enter password.
230 CATDA7 logged on.
OS/400 is the remote operating system. The TCP/IP version is "V4R3M0".
250 Now using naming format "0".
257 "CATDA7" is current library.
> put catda7/f0911td.f0911 catda7/f0911tst
227 Entering Passive Mode (127,0,0,1,4,115).
150 Sending file to member F0911TST in file F0911TST in library CATDA7.
250 File transfer completed successfully.
2862 bytes transferred in 0.198 seconds. Transfer rate 14.437 KB/sec.
===>_______________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
F3=Exit
F6=Print
F9=Retrieve
F17=Top
F18=Bottom
F21=CL
command on
line
More information
www.tylogix.com
FTP reply codes

1yz - Positive Preliminary: The requested action is being initiated,
another reply should follow.


2yz - Positive Completion: The requested action was successfully
completed. A new request may be initiated.

3yz - Positive Intermediate: The command was accepted, but the
requested action is being held, pending receipt of further
information.

4yz - Transient Negative Completion: The command was not
accepted and the requested action did not take place, but the error
condition is temporary and the action may be requested again.

5yz - Permanent Negative Completion: The command was not
accepted and the requested action did not take place.
FTP reliability & recovery considerations



FTP DOES NOT provide re-transmission services if
the transmission was interrupted. This has to be
done with logic in a program if you want to do it.
FTP DOES NOT encrypt data when it transmits it
For those and other more sophisticated types of
data transfers, options such as MQ Series, Tuxedo
and others are probably better options
More information on www.tylogix.com
FTP automation 101:
What you will need

A physical file to contain the command to execute
(INPUT)

A physical file to receive the result of your FTP
request (OUTPUT)

A CL program to execute the command
More information on www.tylogix.com
Creating an FTP input file
A typical FTP input file would contain the
following instructions:

USER USERNAME PASSWORD

ASCII or EBCDIC or BINARY

PUT LIBRARY/FILE PATH\FILE
More information on www.tylogix.com
FTP sample input file
FTPINPUT
000001
000002
000003
000004
000005
000006
000007
000008
000009
000010
USER CATDA7
MYPASWRD
EBCDIC
STRUCT R
PUT CATDA7/F0911TD.F0911
CATDA7/F0911NEW.NEWMBR
QUIT
More information on www.tylogix.com
Simple FTP program: 3 commands

The most basic CL program to execute an FTP
command will have the following components:
*************** Beginning of data *******
0001.00
PGM
0003.00
0004.00
OVRDBF
FILE(INPUT) TOFILE(FTPCMD)
0005.00
0006.00
OVRDBF
FILE(OUTPUT) TOFILE(FTPLOG)
0008.00
0009.00
FTP
RMTSYS(LOOPBACK)
0010.00
0011.00
DLTOVR
FILE(INPUT OUTPUT)
0012.00
0013.00
ENDPGM
****************** End of data **********
More information on www.tylogix.com
Automation 102 : Enhancing your automated
FTP program:

The three original components remain:
 The INPUT file
 The OUTPUT file
 The CL

We will add :
 An RPG/C/COBOL program to customize the INPUT file
with parameters
 An RPG/C/COBOL program to read the OUTPUT file
and review/report the results of the FTP operation
More information on www.tylogix.com
Flexibility in automation: PGMS & PARMS
PGM
DCL
DCL
DCL
DCL
DCL
DCL
PARM (&FILE &SRCPATH &DESTPATH &USRPRF &REMOTESYS &SUCCESS)
VAR(&FILE) TYPE(*CHAR) LEN(10)
VAR(&SRCPATH) TYPE(*CHAR) LEN(30)
VAR(&DESTPATH) TYPE(*CHAR) LEN(30)
VAR(&USRPRF) TYPE(*CHAR) LEN(20)
VAR(&REMOTESYS) TYPE(*CHAR) LEN(10)
VAR(&SUCCESS) TYPE *CHAR) LEN(1)
CALL
FTPCMDPGM
PARM(&FILE &SRCPATH &DESTPATH &USRPRF )
/* Program to modify the contents of
FTPCMD based on parameter */
OVRDBF
FILE(INPUT)
OVRDBF
FILE(OUTPUT)
TOFILE(FTPCMD)
TOFILE(FTPLOG)
FTP &REMOTESYS /* Execute the FTP Command */
CALL
FTPMONITOR PARM(&SUCCESS) /* Program to read the FTPLOG
file and verify that the FTP result is successful */
DLTOVR FILE(INPUT OUTPUT)
More information on www.tylogix.com
ENDPGM
Real-life experience:
Successful transfer



Note the positioning of the USER/PASSWORD
Combination in the INPUT file
Note the File and Member Combinations in the
INPUT file
Note the Reply Codes and where they are in relation
to the commands in the OUTPUT file
More information on www.tylogix.com
FTP input for a successful transfer
FTPINPUT
000001
000002
000003
000004
000005
000006
000007
000008
000009
000010
USER CATDA7
MYPASWRD
EBCDIC
STRUCT R
PUT CATDA7/F0911TD.F0911
CATDA7/F0911NEW.NEWMBR
QUIT
More information on www.tylogix.com
FTP output for a successful transfer (1 of 2)
FTPOUTPUT
000001 Output redirected to a file.
000002 Input read from specified override file.
000003 Connecting to host LOOPBACK at address 127.0.0.1 using port 21.
000004 220-QTCP at LOOPBACK.
000005 220 Connection will close if idle more than 5 minutes.
000006 Enter login ID (catda7):
000007 331 Enter password.
000008 OS/400 is the remote operating system. The TCP/IP version is "V4R3M0".
000009 250 Now using naming format "0".
000010 Enter an FTP subcommand.
000011 > USER CATDA7
********
000012 331 Enter password.
000013 230 CATDA7 logged on.
000014 OS/400 is the remote operating system. The TCP/IP version is "V4R3M0".
000015 250 Now using naming format "0".
000016 257 "CATDA7" is current library.
000017 Enter an FTP subcommand.
000018 >
000019 Enter an FTP subcommand.
000020 > EBCDIC
000021 200 Representation type is EBCDIC nonprint.
000022 Enter an FTP subcommand.
000023 >
More information on www.tylogix.com
FTP output for a successful transfer (2 of 2)
FTPOUTPUT
000024 Enter an FTP subcommand.
000025 > STRUCT R
000026 250 Data structure is record.
000027 Using structure R to transfer files.
000028 Enter an FTP subcommand.
000029 >
000030 Enter an FTP subcommand.
000031 > PUT CATDA7/F0911TD.F0911
CATDA7/F0911NEW.NEWMBR
000032 227 Entering Passive Mode (127,0,0,1,5,9).
000033 150 Sending file to member NEWMBR in file F0911NEW in library CATDA7.
000034 250 File transfer completed successfully.
000035
5193 bytes transferred in 0.326 seconds. Transfer rate 15.921 KB/sec.
000036 Enter an FTP subcommand.
000037 >
000038 Enter an FTP subcommand.
000039 > QUIT
000040 221 QUIT subcommand received.
More information on www.tylogix.com
Member missing or wrong member
unsuccessful transfer


Note the File and Member Combinations in the
INPUT file
Note the Reply Codes in the OUTPUT file
More information on www.tylogix.com
FTP input for an unsuccessful transfer
FTPINPUT
000001
000002
000003
000004
000005
000006
000007
000008
000009
000010
USER CATDA7
MYPASWRD
EBCDIC
STRUCT R
PUT CATDA7/F0911TD
CATDA7/F0911NEW
QUIT
More information on www.tylogix.com
FTP output for an unsuccessful transfer (1 of 2)
FTPOUTPUT
000001
000002
000003
000004
000005
000006
000007
000008
000009
000010
000011
000012
000013
000014
000015
000016
000017
000018
000019
000020
000021
000022
000023
Output redirected to a file.
Input read from specified override file.
Connecting to host LOOPBACK at address 127.0.0.1 using port 21.
220-QTCP at LOOPBACK.
220 Connection will close if idle more than 5 minutes.
Enter login ID (catda7):
331 Enter password.
OS/400 is the remote operating system. The TCP/IP version is "V4R3M0".
250 Now using naming format "0".
Enter an FTP subcommand.
> USER CATDA7
********
331 Enter password.
230 CATDA7 logged on.
OS/400 is the remote operating system. The TCP/IP version is "V4R3M0".
250 Now using naming format "0".
257 "CATDA7" is current library.
Enter an FTP subcommand.
>
Enter an FTP subcommand.
> EBCDIC
200 Representation type is EBCDIC nonprint.
Enter an FTP subcommand.
>
More information on www.tylogix.com
FTP output for an unsuccessful transfer (2 of 2)
FTPOUTPUT
000024
000025
000026
000027
000028
000029
000030
000031
000032
000033
000034
000035
000036
000037
Enter an FTP subcommand.
> STRUCT R
250 Data structure is record.
Using structure R to transfer files.
Enter an FTP subcommand.
>
Enter an FTP subcommand.
> PUT CATDA7/F0911TD
CATDA7/F0911NEW
Member F0911TD in file F0911TD in library CATDA7 not found.
Enter an FTP subcommand.
>
Enter an FTP subcommand.
> QUIT
221 QUIT subcommand received
More information on www.tylogix.com
Unrecognized user profile
unsuccessful transfer


Note the positioning of the USER/PASSWORD
Combination in the INPUT file
Note the Reply Codes in the OUTPUT file
More information on www.tylogix.com
FTP input for a successful transfer
(Reminder)
FTPINPUT
000001
000002
000003
000004
000005
000006
000007
000008
000009
000010
USER CATDA7
MYPASWRD
EBCDIC
STRUCT R
PUT CATDA7/F0911TD.F0911
CATDA7/F0911NEW.NEWMBR
QUIT
More information on www.tylogix.com
FTP input with user profile unrecognized
FTPINPUT
000001
000002
000003
000004
000005
000006
000007
000008
000009
USER CATDA7
MYPASWRD
EBCDIC
STRUCT R
PUT CATDA7/F0911TD.F0911
CATDA7/F0911NEW.NEWMBR
QUIT
More information on www.tylogix.com
FTP output for unrecognized
user (1 of 2)
FTPOUTPUT
000001
000002
000003
000004
000005
000006
000007
000008
000009
000010
000011
000012
000013
000014
000015
000016
000017
000018
000019
Output redirected to a file.
Input read from specified override file.
Connecting to host LOOPBACK at address 127.0.0.1 using port 21.
220-QTCP at LOOPBACK.
220 Connection will close if idle more than 5 minutes.
Enter login ID (catda7):
Number of arguments for a prompted login to the server not correct.
Enter an FTP subcommand.
>
Enter an FTP subcommand.
> EBCDIC
200 Representation type is EBCDIC nonprint.
Enter an FTP subcommand.
>
Enter an FTP subcommand.
> STRUCT
250 Data structure is record.
Using structure R to transfer files.
Enter an FTP subcommand.
More information on www.tylogix.com
FTP output for unrecognized user (2 of 2)
FTPOUTPUT
000020
000021
000022
000023
000024
000025
000026
000027
000028
>
Enter an FTP subcommand.
> PUT CATDA7/F0911TD.F0911
CATDA7/F0911NEW.NEWMBR
You must first issue the USER subcommand.
Enter an FTP subcommand.
>
Enter an FTP subcommand.
> QUIT
221 QUIT subcommand received.
More information on www.tylogix.com
The Quote Command in the AS/400
The Quote Command allows you to run commands on the
remote system you are FTP-ing to.





To get the syntax of the QUOTE command, type in:
HELP QUOTE
To get the list of the commands supported via QUOTE on the
remote system, type in: QUOTE HELP
Most useful QUOTE command: RCMD (Remote Command)
To get help on any of the remote system’s command (i.e. for
RCMD), type QUOTE RCMD HELP
Note: The AS/400 has a 1,000 character limit on a Quote command
Typical use for the QUOTE Command
after a PUT
FTPINPUT
000001
000002
000003
000004
000005
000006
000007
000008
000009
000010
000011
000012
USER CATDA7
MYPASWRD
EBCDIC
STRUCT R
PUT LOCLIB/F0911TD.F0911
REMLIB/F0911NEW.NEWMBR
QUOTE RCMD CALL PROCESSPGM
QUIT
More information on www.tylogix.com
Typical use for the QUOTE Command
before a GET
FTPINPUT
000001
000002
000003
000004
000005
000006
000007
000008
000009
000010
000011
000012
USER CATDA7
MYPASWRD
QUOTE RCMD CALL GATHERPGM
EBCDIC
STRUCT R
GET REMLIB/F0911TD.F0911
LOCLIB/F0911NEW.NEWMBR
QUIT
More information on www.tylogix.com
Beef up your FTP security with EXIT programs
of 3)
Your AS/400 Server
FTP
request
from the
outside
world
UserDefined
Exit
Program
(will receive
parameters
and act as a
gate, allowing
or not the
FTP
request
to proceed)
User-defined
FTP security
parameters
Access to
the
file server
file
system
More information on www.tylogix.com
Beef up your FTP security with EXIT programs
of 3)
Typically, an FTP Exit program will receive the
following parameters and will decide with a
return value if the operation is allowed.
1) Application ID (FTPClient for example)
2) Operation ID (Sending a file for example)
3) User profile
4) Remote IP address
5) Length of remote IP address
6) Operation
7) Length of operation
8) Allow Operation (this value when returned
will determine if the operation will be allowed)
Beef up your FTP security with EXIT programs
of 3)




Where are EXIT programs accessed on the
AS/400?
WRKREGINF displays a list of the various system
exit points
What is the ID of the FTP Exit point?
The Exit point for FTP is
QIBMQTMF_SVR_LOGON. This is where you
specify a user-built program that is called every
time a user tries to log on to your AS/400 via FTP
More information on www.tylogix.com
Questions?
Submit your questions now by clicking on on
the “Ask A Question” button in the left corner
of your presentation screen.
Thibault will answer your questions off-line.
The questions and answers will then be
posted on Search400.com. We will e-mail you
when your question has been answered.
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