Chapter 3 Recap/Lecture
LISTENING:
BEING AN ETHICAL AUDIENCE MEMBER
ETHICAL RESPONSIBILITY (LISTENER)
Listen
 Be respectful

 No
distracting behaviors
Do not prejudge
 Keep an open mind
 Consideration for our class

 Be
welcoming!
LISTENING VS. HEARING
What is the difference?
 Listening + Critical Thinking

TYPES OF LISTENING

Textbook gives 4 as examples:
 Appreciative
Listening
 Empathic Listening
 Comprehensive Listening
 Critical Listening
Focus of Chapter;
Most connected with
Public Speaking
CAUSES OF POOR LISTENING

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
Not concentrating
Listening too hard
Jumping to conclusions
Focusing on delivery and
personal appearance
WAYS TO IMPROVE LISTENING



Take it serious
Use active listening
Resist distractions



Hold off on judgment
Focus


Including appearance or delivery
Main points, evidence, technique
Take notes

Ex: keyword note-taking/outline
GOOD LISTENING VS. POOR LISTENING
WHAT TYPE OF LISTENER ARE YOU?
Textbook activity, pg. 54
Chapter 5 Recap/Lecture
SPEECH TOPIC AND PURPOSE
CHOOSING A TOPIC
Topics you want to learn about
 Topics you know a lot about



Introduction speeches
Brainstorming for topics
 Personal
inventory, clustering, internet search
DEFINING THE PURPOSE


General purpose (to persuade, to inform….to introduce)
Specific purpose






Full infinitive phrase
Statement, not question
No figurative language
Focus on one idea
Avoid vague statements
Ask yourself:
Does it work?
 Does it fit in my time frame?
 How will my audience feel (Relevant? Trivial? Too Technical?)

WHAT’S WRONG?
“What is an individual retirement account?”
 “To inform my audience about New Zealand”
 “Donate blood”
 “To persuade my audience that something has
to be done about the problem of antibioticresistant bacteria”

CENTRAL IDEA
One, concise statement
 A.K.A. thesis statement, subject sentence, major
thought, residual message
 Answers the question: “what are you going to say?
What’s the overall point/message?”
 Similar to summarizing main points
 Guidelines

Full sentence
 Statement, not question
 No figurative or vague language

EXAMPLE
Topic: The benefits of living in Georgia
 General Purpose: To inform
 Specific Purpose: To inform my audience about three benefits of
living in Atlanta, Georgia
 Central Idea: Living in Atlanta, GA can be a wonderful experience
because of its rich culture, various forms of entertainment, and the
beautiful surroundings
OR
Living in Georgia is a wonderful experience that provides its residents
with opportunities to enjoy a variety of events, people, and places.

Does this work? What should we change?
Chapter 6 Recap/Lecture
AUDIENCE ANALYSIS
AUDIENCE CENTERED SPEECHES

Ask yourself
 Who
is your audience?
 What is your goal/desired result?
 How can you effectively reach that goal/desired
result?
Create some type of bond
 Make them choose to listen

LEARNING YOUR AUDIENCE:
AUDIENCE ANALYSES

Demographic audience analysis
Age, gender, religion, sexual orientation, race, group
membership
 Avoid stereotypes and insensitive language


Situational audience analysis

Size, physical setting (consider uncontrollable
circumstances), disposition (towards speaker, topic,
and occasion)
Gathering information
 Adapting to the audience

TODAY

NEXT CLASS
Speech Workshop
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

Brainstorming
Practice with purpose
statements
Audience analysis (you will
need this for your outline)

Speech workshop




Practice using objects as visual
aid
Practice with audience
centered speeches
Speech sign-ups
Last class period before
Speech 1