The Rock
Cycle
Sedimentary
Rocks that form when
sediments are
compacted and
cemented together.
Sedimentary
The sediments come
from weathering and
erosion of igneous,
metamorphic, or other
sedimentary rock.
Sandstone
Description
Formation
dull
grainy
cementing
grains of sand
Limestone
Description Formation
Dull
Fine to
coarse
grain
Most are
consolidation
of skeletons of
marine
invertebrates
Shale
Description Formation
Dull
Consolidation
of
mud
or
Splits into
clay
layers
Metamorphic
Rock that forms when the
texture and composition
of a pre-existing rock is
changed by heat or
pressure deep
underground.
Metamorphic
Igneous and sedimentary
rock can change into
metamorphic rock, and
metamorphic rock can
change into other
metamorphic rock.
Marble
Description
Formation
hard, made
of glassy
grains
metamorphism
of limestone
Quartzite
Description
Formation
Hard, sparkly
grains, dense
metamorphism
of sandstone
Slate
Description
Formation
Splits into
layers
metamorphism
of shale
Igneous
Forms from the
cooling of magma.
When magma cools
and solidifies, it
forms igneous rock
Granite
Description Formation
coarse grain formed from
with clear
magma
glassy
minerals
Basalt
Description
Smooth with
possible air
bubbles, light
Formation
Volcanic rock
formed by
rapid cooling
of melted
peridotite
Obsidian
Description Formation
Glassy,
Felsic lava
smooth
cooled
sharp edges rapidly
Pumice
Usually 90%
dark
porous,
colored light,
full of
air
pockets
Formed
when
material
is
ejected
into the
air as
froth