Animation for
children on Heart
Animation for
children on lungs
John Levasseur
Springfield Central High School
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Give some example of how the skeletal system interacts with
other systems.
What are some bone diseases and how does it occur?
What is the function of the skeletal system?
Where are blood cells produced?
What is the function of cardiac muscle?
Where can cardiac muscle be found in the body system?
What is the function of the skeletal muscle?
Where can skeletal muscle be found in the body system?
What is the function of the smooth muscle?
Where can smooth muscle be found in the body system?
Give some examples of how the muscular system interacts
with other systems.
What is the function of the muscular system?
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4.2 Circulatory System
◦ Know the key structures of the circulatory
system including: heart, arteries, veins,
capillaries, red blood cells.
◦ Explain how the circulatory system transports
nutrients and oxygen to cells and removes cell
wastes.
◦ Describe how the kidneys and the liver are
closely associated with the circulatory system
as they perform the excretory function of
removing waste from the blood.
◦ Recognize that kidneys remove nitrogenous
wastes, and the liver removes many toxic
compounds from blood.
Purpose of the Circulatory System:
•Deliver oxygenated (red) blood to the various
cells and organ systems in your body
• cells use the oxygen in cellular
respiration and release CO2 back to the
blood stream
•Return blood carrying CO2 to heart and lungs
for oxygenation
•Allow for blood to be filtered for toxins at the
kidneys, liver and spleen
The Heart of the Circulatory System
Animation
Heart – the major organ of the circulatory system made of cardiac muscle.
•The heart pumps blood through its four
chambers
• Valves regulate the flow of blood
between the chambers.
•Blood enters the heart from the body via
the Superior Vena Cava into the first
chamber, the right atrium.
•Blood is pumped from the second
chamber, the right ventricle to the lungs
via the pulmonary artery.
•Blood returns to the heart from the lungs
through the pulmonary vein into the third
chamber, the left atrium.
•Blood is pumped out of the heart via the
aorta to the body by the fourth chamber,
the left ventricle
Remember:
Artery -> Vein -> Atrium -> Ventricle
i.e. A V A V
The Heart of the Circulatory System (cont)
•The heart's job is to move blood. The muscles of your heart contract and
relax to pump blood throughout your body. Blood leaves the heart through
arteries and returns to the heart through a complicated pathway of veins
1. Oxygen-poor blood (shown in blue)
flows from the body’s veins to the
superior vena cava into the heart’s right
atrium.
2. Blood flows from the right atrium
through a heart valve into the right
ventricle.
3. The right ventricle pumps the blood to
the lungs through the pulmonary artery;
in the lungs blood releases CO2 and
picks up oxygen.
4. The newly oxygen-rich blood (shown in
red) returns to the heart through the
pulmonary vein and enters the heart’s
left atrium.
5. Blood flows from the left atrium through
a heart valve into the left ventricle.
Animation
www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/heart/heartmap.html
6. The left ventricle pumps the oxygen-rich
blood out of the heart via the aorta then
to all parts of the body.
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Blood consists of plasma, red and white
blood cells, platelets, nutrients and salts.
◦ Plasma, the liquid part of blood, is 95%
water and the other 5% is nutrients, sugars
and fats as well as dissolved salts.
◦ There are two types of blood cells: red and
white.
 Red blood cells contain hemoglobin, an
iron-rich protein that carries oxygen.
 White blood cells are part of the immune
system.
 Some white blood cells capture pathogens;
while, other white blood cells kill
pathogens.
◦ A third component of blood is platelets.
Platelets clot the blood and stop blood loss
when the circulatory system is damaged.
Blood clot animation
http://www.smithlifescience.com/PH16Circulation.htm
Watch this animation:
http://www.kscience.co.uk/animations/blood_system.htm
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Arteries – carry blood away from
the heart and to the major
organs of the body
◦ Arteries take blood Away from
the heart
◦ Arteries have blood under
high pressure
◦ Arteries have thick walls
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Veins – carry blood back to the
heart away from the major
organs of the body
◦ Veins take blood into the
heart
◦ Veins have blood under low
pressure
Capillaries – small blood vessels
Animation
where gas exchange occurs
Video on Blood vessels
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O2
◦ O2 is delivered to cells for cellular
respiration
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Nutrients
◦ Monosaccharides are delivered
to cells to produce ATP
◦ Amino Acids are delivered to the
cells to produce proteins
◦ Lipids are delivered to the cell
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Wastes
◦ CO2 (to lungs)
◦ Nitrogenous wastes (to kidneys)
◦ Toxins (to liver)
 Toxic Metals
 Alcohol
 Drugs
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Hormones
◦ Hormones are chemical messages
produced in glands that tell other
parts of the body to respond to
some environmental stimulus.
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Liver
◦ Filters toxins from the
blood
Kidney
◦ Filters out nitrogenous
wastes and produces urine.
Lungs
◦ Exchange O2 for CO2 in the
blood stream
 CO2 is the waste
product of cellular
respiration.
Animation on Kidneys for children
Animation of Excretion system
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The circulatory system and the respiratory system are interactive and
interdependent.
The primary function of the circulatory system is to pump blood
carrying nutrients and waste throughout the body.
The primary function of the respiratory system is to exchange oxygen
and carbon dioxide. Inhaled oxygen enters the lungs and reaches the
alveoli. The layers of cells lining the alveoli and the surrounding
capillaries are each only one cell thick and are in very close contact with
each other. Oxygen passes quickly through the membrane barriers into
the blood in the capillaries. Similarly, carbon dioxide passes from the
blood into the alveoli and is then exhaled.
Oxygenated blood travels from the lungs through the pulmonary veins
and into the left side of the heart, which pumps the blood to the rest of
the body. Oxygen-deficient, (carbon dioxide-rich blood) returns to the
right side of the heart through two large veins, the superior vena cava
and the inferior vena cava. Then the blood is pumped through the
pulmonary artery to the lungs, where it picks up oxygen and releases
carbon dioxide
Read and Know
Be able to picture the
interactions between these
two systems.
http://www.merck.com/mmhe/sec04/ch038/ch038d.html
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4.3 Respiratory System
◦ Explain how the respiratory system provides exchange
of oxygen and carbon dioxide.
◦ Know the key structures’, form and functions: nose,
pharynx, larynx, trachea, lungs, alveoli.
Purpose of
the respiratory
System: to
provide the
body with a
fresh supply of
oxygen for
cellular
respiration and
remove the
waste product
of respiration
carbon
dioxide.
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Nose and Nasal Cavity
◦ Air enters the body
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Pharynx
◦ Back of the mouth and upper throat
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Epiglottis
◦ Flap of skin that covers the trachea when you
swallow to prevent food or drink from entering
your lungs.
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Larynx
◦ Voice box
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Trachea
◦ Tube leading from pharynx to bronchi
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Bronchi
◦ The branching of the trachea to take air to the
different lungs and to different parts of the lungs.
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Lung
◦ Main organ of respiratory system for transporting
oxygen from the atmosphere into the bloodstream,
and releasing carbon dioxide from the
bloodstream back to the atmosphere.
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Alveoli
◦ Site of gas exchange (O2 /CO2) in lungs
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Diaphragm
◦ A thin muscle that causes the chest to rise and fall
to allow for ventilation, (breathing).
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Three processes are essential for
the transfer of oxygen from the
outside air to the blood flowing
through the lungs: ventilation,
diffusion, and perfusion.
Ventilation is the process by which
air moves in and out of the lungs.
Diffusion is the spontaneous
movement of gases, without the
use of any energy or effort by
the body, between the gas in
the alveoli and the blood in the
capillaries in the lungs.
Perfusion is the process by which
the cardiovascular system pumps
blood throughout the lungs. The
body's circulation is an essential
link between the atmosphere, which
contains oxygen, and the cells of
the body, which consume oxygen.
Animation
Animation 2
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http://www.merck.com/mmhe/sec04/ch038/ch038d.html
What are the parts of a human heart? Check your knowledge of the heart
at this site: http://www.kscience.co.uk/animations/heart_labelling.htm
What are the parts of human lungs? Check your knowledge of the Lungs
at this site: http://www.kscience.co.uk/animations/lungs.swf
What is the purpose of the circulatory system?
What is the purpose of the respiratory system?
What are the more scientific names for red and white blood cells?
What blood vessel takes blood away from the heart?
What blood vessel returns blood to the heart?
What part of the heart receives blood and what part actually pumps blood?
What part of blood is responsible for clotting?
What is the function of capillaries?
What is the function of alveoli?
What is the function of the epiglottis?
What is the interaction between the respiratory
system and the circulatory system?