Zoology/Animal Science Intro
Getting to Know You
 Name
 Birthdate
 Favorite Book
 Favorite Movie
 Favorite Cartoon Character
 Favorite Farm Animal
 Favorite Animal
 Parent’s Occupation
 Why did you take Zoology?
 What do you hope to learn?
Syllabus
 Upon the completion of this course, you will be able
to:
 Identify the major livestock types and breeds
 Be able to define common animal/livestock terms
 Be able to creatively design and label a plant and animal
cell
 Be able to name and define cell parts and funtions
 Be able to name the animal life systems and understand
their function
 Have a basic understanding of the classification of
organisms
 Learn to determine the difference between animal rights
and animal welfare
 Be able to draw and label both male and female
reproductive tract
 Be able to successfully define common animal
reproduction and breeding terms
 Have a basic understanding of animal genetics
 Be able to successfully complete simple Punnett
squares
 Have a basic understanding of animal/livestock
breeding systems
 Be able to successfully use breeding knowledge
to improve fictitious herd
 Be able to identify meat cuts
 Be able to identify where on an animal
different meat cuts come from
 Be able to define basic meat terms
 Be able to research an animal issue and
provide a well written paper
 Demonstrate reading comprehension and be
able to form informative opinions
 Be able to successfully demonstrate thought
out opinions on various agricultural issues
 Be able to complete work within a set
schedule.
Classroom Management
 Come to class prepared. Bring Notebook, writing utensil, any
assignments and brain!
 Come to class on time. The school policy will be followed regarding
tardies.
 If you are not in class 15 minutes after class starts you will be marked
absent. IF I change it you will be tardy. They add up!
 Come to class. There is a lot of in-class work in this course. If you
are not here, it is hard to make up. Make sure absences are excused
and be here otherwise.
 School policy will be followed on attendance and truancies.
 You will be allowed 2 school days to make up an assignment for every
day that is an EXCUSED absence. It is your responsibility to talk to
me about any missed work. I will NOT come after you.
 Be respectful. Be courteous and thoughtful of others as related to
personal space, belongings and people; teachers and students.
 Students who maintain a 92% or above for the semester with no
unexcused absences will NOT have to take the semester final.
 Make good choices. Everyone make mistakes, but try to limit
your number. Think before you act and life will be easier for
all of us in the class.
 No hats in class. This applies to both boys and girls.
 No Swearing
 No electronic devices.
 Accept the consequences. I would like this class to be
a lot of hands-on working in class time. This is
possible only if people cooperate. If you make a bad
decision, accept the consequences and move on. If
you make good decisions, we will have a lot of fun
doing projects in this class.
Requirements
 A three-ring notebook is required for this course. Notebooks will be
graded one Friday each month. Students need to have dividers
labeled “Notes, Journals, Tests/Quizzes. Folders and spiral
notebooks are NOT acceptable.
 Notebooks must be organized in chronological order and will be
graded on neatness and completeness. Syllabus and Classroom
Management Contract MUST be first pages of notebook.
 Three to Five page Research Paper. Topic due: Sept 24, Outline
due: Oct 22, Rough Draft Due: Nov 19, Final paper due: Dec 10.
 Assignments:
 Papers are due by 3pm ON due date. For every day late 5 points
will be deducted from total score.
 Things we will do:
 Every day there will be three to four questions on the board. Look
at them and answer the questions fully in your notebook under
journal. These will be trivia questions, review, preview or
information questions. When your notebook is graded answering
these questions will be part of your grade.
 Every Friday we have class we will do a current event reading.
Could be an article, web search or movie. You will read/watch the
information and then answer questions on it. The questions will be
as follows: What is the title of the article? What is the article
about? What type of ag is it about: livestock, production,
manufacturing, research? What are three questions you have
about the article? What would you do different if you had a
chance? What was your opinion of the article as a whole? You will
be graded on how much effort you put into your writing.
FFA Information
 Looking for new members
 Dues: $25 Paid by end of September will be guaranteed a t-shirt
 Welcome Back BBQ: Sept. 1, 5:30-7. Bring your parents. Get extra
credit.
 First Chapter Meeting: September 10 at 6. Meetings on 2rd Thursday
of each month at 6.
 Look at FFA Board for schedule of events
 Benefits: Self-Confidence, friends, trips, fun, college credits
 School Website and Facebook
 Shop Open 7-4 most days (Includes Computer)
 Vending Machine
 Building and grounds WILL be treated with respect
What is Animal Science?
 The study of the biology of animals that are under the control of mankind.
 Livestock Animals: Mammals produced on farms and ranches for food and
other purposes.
 Beef Cows
Llamas
 Dairy Cows
Bison
 Horses
Elk
 Poultry
Deer
 Sheep
 Goats
 Companion Animals: An animal that is used to provide humans with
fun and friendship through close association. Often called pets.
 Dogs
 Cats
 Birds
 Exotics
Service Animals: Animals that assist people in living and work.

Dogs help blind and deaf people.

Police dogs are used or investigation and forensics

Diabetic alert dogs

Research animals
 Dairy Cows: Idaho-581,000 and US-9,208,400
 Top Ten Countries:
 India 44,900,000
 Brazil 23,229,193
 China 12,297,297
 Ethiopia 10,676,783
 Pakistan 9,444,000
 United States 9,198,000
 Russia 8,136,896
 Sudan 7,518,000
 Tanzania 6,900,000
 Kenya 5,545,000
 Beef Cows: 2,220,000 and US 87,730,000
 Five Top States:
 1. Texas 10,900,000
 2. Nebraska 6,150,000
 3. Kansas 5,800,000
 4. California 5,250,000
 5. Oklahoma 4,300,000
 13. Idaho 2,200,000
 Sheep
 Top Ten States:
 1. Texas 650,000
 2. California 570,000
 3. Colorado 460,000
 4. Wyoming 370,000
 5. Utah 305,000
 6. S. Dakota 285,000
 7. Idaho 240,000
 8. Montana 225,000
 Oregon 200,000
 Iowa 195,000
 Pigs: US #3 at 62.1 Million (China and Brazil)
 1. Iowa 19,200,000
 2. N. Carolina 7,900,000
 3. Minnesota 7,700,000
 Turkeys
 Top Three States:
 1. Minnesota
 2. Arkansas
 3. N. Carolina
 Laying Chickens
 Three Top Egg States:
 1. Iowa
 2. Ohio
 3. Indiana
 Meat Chickens
 Top Three States:
 1. Gerogia 1,222,366,000
 2. Alabama 1,002,979,000
 3. Arkansas 878,819,000
Idaho Ag Stats
 Idaho Covers 82,751 square miles or 52,960,640 acres
 11,497,383 acres are currently in agriculture production (22%)
 Idaho produces 185 different commodities
 Commodities: a raw material or primary agricultural product that can
be bought and sold.
 Idaho ranks top ten for 25 different crops.
 Cash receipts for 2011 were $7, 328,332-a record breaking year
 Dairy industry leads in cash receipts
 Food/beverage processing is 2nd largest manufacturing sector
 Idaho grows 70% of hybrid temp sweet corn seed in world
 Rank High: alfalfa, field bean, Kentucky Bluegrass
 Also produce: carrot, onion, turnip, lettuce
 1600 acres of vineyards and 50 wineries
What do you know?
 How many types of dairy cows can you name?
 What is the color of the most popular dairy cow?
 Pigs make what famous type of meat?
 What other meat comes from a pig?
 Baby sheep are called what?
 Can you name any types of beef cows?
 Angus are what color?
 Chickens are divided into two categories; what are they?
 How many cuts of meat can you name?
 What is wheat used to make?
 What is Idaho’s number one crop?
 What are sugar beets used for?
 Is there milk in yogurt?
 Does a cow have to be pregnant to produce milk?
 How many baby piglets does a pig have in one litter?
 What is an orchard?
 How many times can you harvest a hay field in one year?
Brown
Swiss
Dairy Cows
Brown Swiss
Jersey
Oldest Dairy Breed in
US
Second largest Breed in
US
Originated in
Switzerland
One of the oldest breeds
Arrived in US in 1869
Hardy in hot/cold
weather
Produces high amount
of milk.
High components
Believed to be from
British Island of Jersey
Known for unusual high
amounts of butterfat
18% more protein
Able to produce milk till 20% more calcium
age 15
25% more butterfat
Ave. Height: 55 inches
Ave. Weight: 12001500 lbs
 Color: Brown-Grey
Holstein
Largest Breed in US
90% of dairies in US
Originated in the
Netherlands
Arrived in US in 1852
Known for large
amount of milk
produced
Ave. 10 gallons/day
Ave. Height: 58 inches
Ave. Height: 48 inches
Ave. Weight: 1500 lbs
Ave. Weight: 800-1000
lbs
Color: B/W or R/W
Color: tan with dark nose
Jersey Cow
Holstein
Brahma Beef
Beef Cows
Brahman
Angus
Most popular breed in US
Hereford
Originated in England
Originated in India
Medium size
Tolerant of extreme
temps
Naturally hornless
(polled)
Docile
Good mothers
Very docile
Medium in size
Develop early
Ease of calving
Horned and polled
Known for longevity
Ease of fleshing
Resistant to pest,
parasites and diseases Good milk production
Good milkers
Secretes an oil that
repels insects
Very lean, red meat
Excellent marbling
Red Angus-most popular
bull selected for artificial
insemination
Very maternal
Angus Beef
Hereford Beef
Yorkshire Pig
Swine (Pigs)
Yorkshire
Duroc
Most common breed in Originated in New York
State
US
Originated in England, Crossbreeding in 1890
County of York
Arrived in US in 1830
Second most popular
breed in US
Very durable and
muscular
Quick growth and
maturity
Very lean meat and
low backfat
Great Disposition
Completely white or
pinkish
Sweet meat, marbling,
spareribs and shoulders
Solid red color
Hampshire
Originated in Wessex,
England
Arrived in US 1825-35
Oldest breed in the US
Heavily muscled lean
meat
Black with white
belt/stripe around front
legs and belly
Duroc Pigs
Hampshire
Lincoln
Sheep
Sheep
Lincoln
Merino
Suffolk
Most popular breed in
US
Originated in England
50% of registrations
Came to US 1890
Originated in Spain
Bred and used for
wool production
Spread throughout world
Bred mostly for meat
in 1800’s
Easy lambing
Known for having the
Long wool
Course and heavy
Calm and gentle
disposition
finest wool in world
Medium quality wool
Good milk production
Very hardy and adaptable Strong big sheep
Ave 125-180lbs
Ave. 180-250lbs
Common Farm Animals
Merino Sheep
Suffolk Sheep
Saanen Goats
Goats
Saanen Swiss
Most popular breed in
US
Largest of the breed
at 30-35 inches tall
Top milk producer
2-3 gallons a day
High protein and
butterfat-2-3%
Alpine
Nubian
Mix of
Originated in French Alps English/African/Indian
Medium build at 30
inches
Medium build at 30
inches tall
Known for high milk
All purpose goat-milk,
production and quality of meat and hide
milk
Low volume of milk
2 gallons/day
High butterfat at 4-5%
3.5% butterfat
butterfat
High adaptability and
hearty
Alpine Goats
Nubian
Arabian Horse
Horses
Arabian
Originated in Arabia
Compact body
Good at everything
Quick learners
Alert and sensitive
One less vertebrae
Must be 100%
bloodline
American Quarter
Paint
Brought in by the Spanish
Originated in Spain
Small sturdy horse built
to work
Indian’s choice
Intelligent and nimble
Quick with a natural cow
instinct
The cowboy’s choice
Easy going
Friendly and intelligent
Distinctive coloring
American
Quarter
Horse
Paint Horse
Poultry
 General Facts:
 US produces 50B eggs/year
 8 Billion chickens are consumed each year
 Indiana ranks #1 in commercial duck productive
 In 1960 egg production was 160/chicken/year
 In 2009 average egg production was 360/chicken/year
 21 days for chicks to hatch
 28 days for turkeys and ducks to hatch
 20 weeks till egg laying
 4lbs of feed=12 eggs
 1.9lbs of feed=1lb gained
 Turkeys are only poultry native to Western Hemisphere
 45M turkeys eaten in US at Thanksgiving
 3.7B in Annual turkey sales
Meat Chickens or Broilers 4-5lbs
Cornish Cross-4lbs
In 7-8 wks. Broad
Breast, legs and thighs
Jersey Giant
Not grown
commercially.
11-13lbs. Dual
purpose.
Delaware
6.5-8.5lbs. Calm and
friendly
Dorking
Lays jumbo eggs.
Tender flesh with
Meaty breast and wings
Productive in winter.
Buckeye-developed by a woman.
Very active and dual purpose
Medium eggs-Ave. 6.5-9lbs.
Egg Chickens-Layers (20 wks)
Rhode Island RedGood dual purpose.
High producers-heavy
And aggressive.
Leghorn-Best egg
Layer (300/yr)
Extra-large
Buff Orpington-Large
Brown eggs. Friendly,
Docile and hardy.
Black Star-Large brown
Eggs. Easy to breed and
Raise. Hybrid
The Easter Chicken
Lays various colors
Medium eggs. Good
Pets.
Turkey
Broad Breasted Bronze
Popular family raised.
Quick grower at 21-29lbs
In 20 weeks.
Black Spanish
Popular show
Turkey. Smaller and
Fancy. 14-23lbs
Most common commerically
Grown. Thanksgiving Turkey
22-34lbs in 20 wks
Ducks
Raised for meat, eggs and down.
Pekin Duck-Popular and quick
Process in 7-8 wks. Large eggs
Muscovy Duck. Do not quack
Dual purpose
Aylesbury Duck
General growing rate and
Dual purpose.
Specialty Animals
 Other poultry grown: Emus, Ostrich, Swans, Pigeons and Hawks
 Aquaculture: the raising of fish, shellfish, other aquatic animals and
plants under controlled conditions.
 Alligator-meat and leather
 Catfish-food
 Trout-food and sport
 Oyster-Pearls and food
 Shrimp, crab and lobster-food
 Alternative animals: Raised mostly for food and pelts
 Rabbits-Meat and fur
 Mink-Fur
 Llama and Alpacas-wool
 Ratites-Group of flightless birds
 Ostrich, emus, rhea, cassowary and kiwi
 Raised for eggs, leather, feathers, meat and cosmetic oil
 Bison-Meat
 Deer/Elk-sport and food
What are the functions of
livestock animals?
 Livestock converts feed grains and roughages into human food.
 Roughage: Feed that is bulky. High in fiber and low in energy
 Ruminants=animals that have a stomach that is divided into several
compartments.
 Tylopoda-3 compartment stomachs (camels, llamas, alpacas)
 Pecora-4 compartment stomachs (cattle, sheep, goats, deer)
The food conversion of waste feeds by animals allows products that would
otherwise not be useful to humans; to be consumed as healthy, nutritious food.
80% of beef animal feeds are roughages that are waste feeds that cannot be
used by humans.
80% of human population gets most of its protein, fats, iron, niacin and some
vitamins come from ruminant animals.
Food products from ruminants provide about 45% of protein, 32% of fat, 50%
of phosphorus and 77% of the calicium found in the diets of people living in the
US.
All animal products produce 35% of energy, 68% of protein, 78%of calcium,
39% of iron, 42% of vitamin A and 37-98% of various B vitamins needed for
human consumption.
 Clothing--5-10% of market value comes from hides
 Real leather is better then synthetic-breathes better, durable and warmer
 Cotton consumption has remained constant
 Power--Alternative sources. Used in other countries
 Digesters
 Burning
 Methane gas-Average US farm electrical, cooking and heating needs met by
40 cows.
 Recreation--Riding, racing, pack animals,
 Conservation
 Livestock help to conserve soil
 Some feeds are soil-conserving crops
 Nutrients for crops
 Animal manure as fuel source-8-12% of population
 Stabilize Farm economy—Increases sources of farm income
 Products—meat, milk, grains, fruits, nuts
Functions continued…
 By-products—Any product from the animal carcass, other than meat.
 Fat by-products (gum and candy)
 Hooves, horns, bones (gelatin=Jello, marshmallows)
 Hides (leather, clothing, belts, shoes, purses, furniture, drum
heads, sports equipment)
 In-edible fats (cosmetics, waxes, soap, lubricants)
 Bones, hooves, horns (Glue, bone china, sandpaper, dice, piano
keys, wallpaper, toothbrushes)
 Hair (Brushes, rug padding, house insulation, upholstery)
 Ear hair (artist paint brushes)
Medicine
 Insulin—pancreas (diabetes)
 Cortisone—adrenal glands (arthritis, adrenal insufficiency, allergies,
diseases of the connective tissues, gout)
 Thrombin—blood (coagulant)
 Heparin—lungs (prevent blood clotting, heart attacks)
 Epinephrine—adrenal glands (allergies, asthma)
 Rennet—cattle stomach (cheese making, help babies digest milk.
 Corticotropin—pituitary glands (breathing issues, severe allergies,
mononucleosis, leukemia)
 Misc. pieces and parts
 Perfumes, fertilizers, candles, lanolin, gylcerine
Careers in Agriculture
 Farming/Ranching
 Owner/Manager
 Foreman
 Herdsman
 Research
 Production
 Processing
 Marketing
 New equipment and use
 Industry
 Food Processing
 Pesticides and Herbicides
 Feed Manufacturing
 Dairy Processing
Careers Continued…
 Business
Education
 Agriculture Banking
Agriculture Extension Specialist
 Farm Management
Vocational Agriculture Specialist
 Grading and Packaging
College Instructor
 Marketing
Government Agencies
 Communications
Services
 Farm Reporting
Inspection and regulation
 Market Reporting
Plant and animal quarantine
 Radio
Foreign Service
 Television
Veterinary
Agriculture Consultant
Favorite Fast Food?
 What would be off the menu if…
 Dairy Products
 Beef Products
 Poultry Products
 Crop Products
 Timber Products
Fast Food Continued…
 What jobs go with a fast food resturaunt?
 Servers, Managers, Owners, Janitors
 Delivery
 Butchers
 Processors
 Containers
 Constructions
 Landscape
 Concrete/Asphalt
What do you think of agriculture now??