CENSUS OF INDIA 2011
Data Dissemination Workshop
On
18th November, 2014
Key Note Address
by
Smt. Seema Jain, IAS
Joint Secretary to Govt. of India
& Director Census, Punjab and
Secretary, Welfare of SCs/BCs, Punjab
Data Dissemination Activity

Census is the most comprehensive source of information.

Use of technology in data processing has helped in placing the data in
public domain on full count basis quite quickly.

Tables on Houses, Household Amenities and Assets, female headed
households, slum population, and Primary Census Abstract (PCA) giving
final data for total population and SC/ST population up to village/ward
level have since been released.

Data available on printed as well as electronic format.

Today’s workshop is part of the ‘Census Data Dissemination’ activity
being carried out by the Directorate of Census Operations, Punjab in
collaboration with Department of Centre for Census Studies and
Research (CCSR),Punjabi University, Patiala.
What is Population Census?
Population Census - Total process of collecting,
compiling, evaluating, analysing and publishing
or otherwise disseminating demographic,
economic and social data pertaining, at a
specified time, to all persons in a country or in
a well-delimited part of a country.
Plan for Census outputs and Data
Dissemination
•
Important to make available the information
collected to potential users in a form suited to their
needs.
•
Used by:
-
Government departments
Educational institutions
Voluntary organizations, Corporate houses
Research scholars and individual data users
(Both within and outside the country)
POPULATION CENSUS TAKING IN INDIA:

In India, Population Census is mandated by the Census Act, 1948 (Act
No. 37 of 1948).

Population Census in India is a herculean task whose success depends
enormously on the efficiency and effectiveness of the hierarchy in the field.

Necessary for the census officers to be in regular touch with their field
hierarchy and to monitor their activities closely.

Great national task- Everybody is expected to display extraordinary zeal,
interest and energy for its performance.

People’s cooperation is vital in smooth conduct of the population census
Consultations with stakeholders
Draft questionnaire is developed after consultations
with representatives of various ministries of central
and state governments, national and international
voluntary organizations, population research centres,
statistical
institutions,
universities,
eminent
demographers and social scientists.
• Draft
questionnaire is placed before Technical
Advisory
Committee
(TAC)
constituted
by
Government of India for pretest.
•
Pretest - is a full scale exercise conducted in
selected rural and urban charges.
•
Results and field experience questionnaire is finalized
for consideration of the TAC and approval of the
Central Government is obtained.
•
Administrative hierarchy of Census
Census- a joint exercise of central and state governments
Registrar General and
Census Commissioner, India
Directors of
Census Operations, State
Principal Census Officers
District Magistrates/Collectors/
Commissioner Corporations
Charge Officers
Tehsildars/Mamlatdars
Enumerators and Supervisors
State Coordinator / nodal officer Census will co-ordinate
between State & Central Government Offices
Capacity – building for fieldwork
- Census staff from directorate to be assigned to Districts - tour
for 2 months.
- Facilitate all pre-census activities•
administrative-frame,
•
village/town register,
•
housenumbering,
•
carving of EBs on basis of estimated population,
•
Appointment of staff
•
Preparation of charge register
•
Trainings to all levels
•
Senior officers of DCO assigned Zones and districts.
Video conferencing

Effective component of communication plan.

Quick decisions and problem solving.

Enables Direct instructions to be given to a large number
of officials at remote locations, who generally are not
called for state-level meetings.

Ensures circulars issued by the DCOs are thoroughly
understood and acted upon by all concerned-live
discussions, sharing of best practices, standardization.

Motivational- Junior officials get an opportunity to listen
to/ interact with CS and other senior officers.
Enumeration of hon. chief minister punjab
CENSUS 2011 - SOCIAL MARKETING PLAN
Outreach programme launched in collaboration with 2 major line
Departments having village level presence.
Social Marketing of census

Social Marketing is the Practice of Utilizing the Philosophy, Tools, and
Practices of Commercial Marketing for Health and/or Social Programs.
This technique was used in Punjab for marketing census to the local
community.

Social Marketing Sells a Behavior Change to a Targeted Group of
Individuals to accept a New Behavior and Modify a Current Behavior.

The main challenge of census is initially, low-visibility, inadequate
ownership and general indifference of the local community . The census
officials in many areas face the challenges of inadequate public
participation, specially in areas of seasonal labour, migrants and
rented/multiple-occupied dwellings etc. particularly known hard-to-count
areas, remote villages and in border areas.

The Social marketing plan seeks to achieve behavior change from one of
indifference and non-concern about census to that of active involvement
and participation
NEED FOR SOCIAL MARKETING OF CENSUS

Methodology- Departments of Rural Development and Panchayats, Local
Bodies and Women and Child (ICDS) Department were selected on
account of their being direct users of census data and due to their advocacy
role through field presence, well-defined departmental hierarchies and
manpower at local level.

District level data presented in informal meetings
in
villages by
departmental staff.

marketing plan worked as a ‘High-impact, low cost intervention’ focussed
on bringing about local ownership of the census through the existing
departmental networks

Outcomes- Social marketing plan provided the following advantages-
-
Inclusive participation at two levels- firstly, departmental staff and through
them the local residents so that ownership of the entire programme is
ensured.
-
Building up a sustained Pre-enumeration publicity through outreach and
mass contact.
Census 2011 Process
Use of technology in data processing has helped in
placing the data in public domain on full count basis in
record time
Scanning
Data
Dissemination
Database/
Tabulation
Manual completion of
unrecognized characters
Image based
Recognition
(ICR)
Image
validation
Census 2011 - Final Data Released
•
•
1. Primary Census Abstract
Presents final population data of Census 2011
(Based on full count)
Gives basic information on:
(i) Total population, M/F and R/U
(ii) SC/ST population
(No ST notified in Punjab)
(iii) Population in age group 0-6 years
(iv) literates
(v) Workers, Main workers and Marginal workers
(vi) Cultivators,Agricultural Labourers,Workers in
HHI and ‘Other Workers’.
(Level of presentation of data up to village/ward )
Villages by Size Class of Population
Out of 12,168 inhabited villages in Punjab:
2,862 (23.52%) are small sized with a population of less than 500
and account for 4.45% of Punjab’s rural population.
6,708 (55.13%) are of average size with a population of 500-1999
and 42.04% of state’s rural population.
2227 (18.30%) are medium sized with a population of 2000 – 4999
and accommodate 38.13% of rural population.
371 (3.05%) are large sized with a population of 5000 and more and
15.38% of rural population is dwelling in large size villages.
Big villages with population 10,000 and
above






Among 371 large size villages, 41 have a population
of 10,000 and more.
30 of these villages are located in Malwa, 10 in Majha
and one in Doaba.
Malwa:Moga(6),Barnala(4),
Firozpur,
Muktsar,
Bathinda,
Mansa & Ludhiana (3 each), Faridkot & Sangrur (2
each) and Patiala (1).
Majha:T.Taran (6),Amritsar (3) and Gurdaspur (1).
Doaba: Jalandhar (1)
Six districts do not have any village with population
10,000 and above - Kapurthala, Hoshiarpur, SBS
Nagar , FG Sahib, SAS Nagar and Rupnagar.
Villages with population 10,000 and above
Uninhabited villages

Mainly confined to the narrow belt along the Ravi,
Beas and Satluj rivers.

How far such an extensive land should have remained
untapped for human settlement in a fast growing
population scenario? Or

How best such lands can be made use of in case they
are otherwise unsuited for any human settlement?
Uninhabited villages
(413)
River Satluj
Distribution of population: 2011
TOWNS BY SIZE CLASS OF
POPULATION - 2011
Rural-Urban Population : 2011
India/Punjab
Rural
population
Urban
population
% of urban
population
India
83,34,63,448
37,71,06,125
31.2%
Punjab
1,73,44,192
1,03,99,146
37.5%
Punjab is relatively more urbanized among States.
• Urban component - increased from 33.9% to 37.5% an increase of 3.6 percentage points.
• All the districts in Punjab have recorded an increase
in percentage of urban population.
• Increase - most significant in SAS Nagar, from 38.3%
in 2001 to 54.8% in 2011.
•
Number and Population of UAs/Cities/towns by
size class of population - 2011
Size class

Population
% in Urban pop.
Population
by size
class2011
of towns
No. of Towns
Class-I
Class-II
16
24
5,945,282
1,775,510
57. 2
17.1
Class-III
49
1,372,396
13.2
Class-IV
61
882,071
8.5
Class-V
Class-VI
49
18
348,406
75,481
3.3
0.7
Total (Urban)
217
10,399,146
100.0
• Nearly three-fifths of the urban population in 16 cities
(class I towns with population 100,000+ ).
• More than one-fourth of urban population (26.7%) is
concentrated in two million + cities - Ludhiana and
Amritsar.
SC PCA




The total scheduled caste population returned in Census 2011 is
88.60 lac. Of this, 64.97 lac are in rural areas and 23.63 lac in
urban areas.
In terms of proportion, the scheduled caste population
constitutes 31.9 per cent of the total population.The proportion
during Census 2001 was 28.9%.There has thus been an increase
of 3.0 percentage points during the last decade.The highest
proportion has been recorded in SBS Nagar (42.5%) and the
lowest in SAS Nagar (21.7%).
The scheduled caste population in absolute numbers has
increased by 18.31 lac.This constitutes a decadal growth rate of
26.06 per cent.
In terms of gender composition, there are 46.64 lac male
scheduled castes (Rural: 33.96 lac and Urban: 12.43 lac). Female
scheduled castes numbered 42.20 lac (Rural 31.00 lac and Urban:
11.20 lac).


In Punjab, no caste/tribe has been notified as scheduled tribe.
Age data - need and UTILTY
•
•
Age-sex structure represents
characteristics of population.
one
of
the
most
fundamental
•
Age statistics are important as most of the socio-demographic
analysis is performed according to age and sex variables.
•
Apart from purely demographic concerns, the data on age –sex
structure are widely required for a variety of administrative, scientific,
technical and commercial purposes.
•
Many types of schemes, particularly, planning of community
institutions and services for children, adolescents, youth, elderly
require data on age composition.
Age is important in measuring mean age at marriage, potential
school population, potential voting population, potential manpower
availability, etc.
AGE DATA - CENSUS OF INDIA
• Data on age is collected since the first Census in1872.
• Up to Census 2001, a direct question on age was recorded.
• In Census 1991, Tables on age were published based on a sample
tabulation of 10% forms.
• In Census 2001,Tables on age were published on full count basis.
• In Census 2011, for the first time, data on both date of birth and age has
been recorded.
• Results on age in Census 2011 have been compiled based on responses in
these two questions on a full count basis.
• Digit preferences (number ending with 0 or 5) in age reporting
reduced considerably in Census 2011.
Inclusion of D.O.B. in Census 2011 has helped in minimizing error
due to heaping of age ending at digits ‘0’ and ‘5’.
Slum - an urban phenomena
•
In India, slums have been defined under Section 3 of
the Slum Act (Improvement and Clearance) Act,
1956. The Census describes slums as “residential
areas where dwellings are unfit for human habitation
by reasons of dilapidation, overcrowding, faulty
arrangements and design of such buildings,
narrowness or faulty arrangement of streets, lack of
ventilation, light, or sanitation facilities or any
combination of these factors which are detrimental
to the safety and health”.
•
As per UN Habitat a slum is characterised by lack of
durable housing, insufficient living area, lack of access
to clean water, inadequate sanitation and insecure
tenure.
Slum – Census of India
Census 2001
• For the first time in 2001 Census, slum areas were
earmarked across the country in cities and towns having
a population of 50,000 or above in 1991 Census.
• Subsequently, slum data was culled out for towns with
population in range of 20,000 - 49,999 in 2001 and
statutory towns having a population of less than 50,000
in 2001 but were not considered for carving slum EBs
earlier.
Census 2011
• Slums have been earmarked in all statutory towns,
irrespective of their population size, based on the same
definition as in 2001.
•
Three types of slums have been defined namely,
‘Notified’,‘Recognized’ and ‘Identified’.
Definition and types of slums – Census 2011
(i) All areas in a town or city notified as ‘’ Slum’ by the State/
UT administration or Local Government under any Act
including a ‘Slum Act’. May be considered as Notified slums.
(ii) All areas recognized as ‘Slum’ by State/ UT
administration or Local Government, Housing and Slum
Boards, but may have not been formally notified as slum
under any Act may be considered as Recognized Slums.
(iii) A compact area of at least 300 population or about 6070 households of poorly built congested tenements in
unhygienic
environment
usually
with
inadequate
infrastructure and lacking in proper sanitary and drinking
water facilities. Such areas should be identified personally by
the Census Charge Officer and also inspected by an officer
nominated by Census directorate. This fact must be duly
recorded in the Charge register. Such areas may be
considered as Identified Slums .
States/UTs not reported Slums - India
Census 2001
1. Himachal Pradesh
2. Sikkim
3. Arunachal Pradesh
Census 2011
1. Manipur
2. Daman& Diu
3. Dadra & Nagar Haveli
4. Nagaland
5. Mizoram
4. Lakshadweep
6. Manipur
7. Daman & Diu
8. Dadra & Nagar Haveli
9. Lakshadweep
Number of towns having slums - India & Punjab
India
Punjab
Census 2001
Total number of towns
reported slums - 1743
Census 2001
Total number of towns
reported slums - 54
1st Phase – 640
1st Phase – 27
2nd Phase - 1103
2nd Phase - 27
Census 2011
Total number of towns
reported slums - 2613
Census 2011
Total number of towns
reported slums - 73
Data on Disability
Census 2011 data on disability released is based on the processing and
tabulation of actual data captured from household schedules and the
generation of basic data from household schedules is a fully computerized
exercise.
The data gives absolute number of disabled cross-classified by sex, age, place
of residence, type of disability, for total population, scheduled caste
population and scheduled tribe population at state/district level.
Data released is more elaborate as within the conceptual frame adopted in
2001Census, some changes/modifications have been introduced in Census
2011.
For example, as against five types in 2001, there are eight types of disability
in Census 2011 which also includes ‘multiple’ disability. ‘Any other’ type has
been specifically included to ensure complete coverage and enable the
respondents to report those disabilities which are not listed in the
question.
Query to this question was designed to cover most of the disabilities listed
in the “Persons with Disabilities Act, 1995” and “The National Trust Act,
1999”.
Houses, Household Amenities and Assets
Houselisting and Housing Census

Provides comprehensive data on human
settlements, housing deficit and consequently
the housing requirement to be taken care of
in the formation of housing policies.

Census 2011 is the most comprehensive data
set on the living conditions of the households
in terms of their housing conditions,
amenities available to them, and the specified
assets they own.
Administrative Atlas
Portrays administrative boundaries as they
existed at the time of censuses spreading over
1951 - 2011.
 The outer boundary on the state maps is as
per the jurisdiction in 2011.
 Includes thematic state maps, district maps
and tehsil maps.
 Gives basic demographic data and the list of
villages for each tehsil is given at the end of
each district map.

Sample Registration System

Recognised as the main source of information for reliable
estimates of birth and death rates at the State and national
levels.

ORGI initiated the scheme of births and deaths to generate
reliable and continuous data on these indicators :
i) On pilot basis in 1964-65, and
ii) On full scale from 1969-70.

SRS is based on a dual record system :
1. Continuous enumeration of births and deaths in sample
units by a resident part time enumerator; and
2. An independent six monthly retrospective survey by a full
time supervisor.
Sample Registration System
 Number of sample units increased from 3,722 (R - 2,432 & U
- 1,290) in 1969-70 to 7,597 (R - 4,433 & U - 3,164) in 2004.
 For 2014 (India) - 8861 (Rural – 5007 and Urban – 3854)
 For 2014 (Punjab) - 250 (Rural – 130 and Urban – 120)
Also provides data on:
 Population composition – Age, Sex, Marital status,
Age at marriage.
 Fertility indicators - - CBR, GFR, ASFR, TFR,GRR,
GMFR, TMFR, Mean age at marriage for females, Birth
order, Birth interval, Sex ratio at birth, Medical
attention at birth.
 Mortality indicators - CDR, Infant and child mortality
rate, Still births, Maternal mortality rate, medical
attention before death.
Recognition of meritorious work done by the
field functionaries during Census 2011
The meritorious work done by the field
functionaries during Census is rewarded
CENSUS OF INDIA 2011
President Of India Census Medals & Certificates of Honour
Award Distribution Ceremony
24th of September, 2014 at
Law Auditorium, Panjab University, Chandigarh
JS and Director Census, Punjab receiving Census Medal and Certificate
of merit from the Hon’ble President of India, Sh. Pranab Mukherji at a
ceremony at Vigyan Bhawan, New Delhi by Registrar General and
Census Commissioner, India.
CENSUS OF INDIA 2011
President Of India Census Medals & Certificates of Honour
Award Distribution Ceremony
24th of September, 2014 at
Law Auditorium, Panjab University, Chandigarh
CENSUS OF INDIA 2011
President Of India Census Medals & Certificates of Honour
Award Distribution Ceremony
24th of September, 2014 at
Law Auditorium, Panjab University, Chandigarh
For more details visit:
www.punjabcensus.gov.in
www.censusindia.gov.in
THANK
YOU