The NHS at the heart of the election What do politicians have to say? Jonathan Nicholls Head of Health Research, Ipsos MORI Public Affairs Who’s going to be running the show? Voting Intention: all giving an opinion vs. those “certain to vote” How would you vote if there were a General Election tomorrow? All giving a voting intention (78%) All certain to vote (52%) Other 11% Other 12% Con LD 38% 17% Lab 34% Conservative lead = +4 LD 16% Lab 40% Con 32% Conservative lead = +8 Base: All giving a voting intention = 777 unweighted, All certain to vote = 519 unweighted; data collected among 1,001 British adults 18+, 26th-28th January 2010 Source: Ipsos MORI Political Monitor Voting Intentions Jan 03 – January 10 (all certain to vote) How would you vote if there were a General Election tomorrow? Howard elected (Nov 03) 50 2005 Brown as PM General (Jun 07) Election Cameron elected (Dec 05) 40% 40 32% 30 20 16% 10 Jan-10 Nov-09 Sep-09 Jul-09 May-09 Mar-09 Jan-09 Nov-08 Sep-08 Jul-08 May-08 Mar-08 Jan-08 Nov-07 Sep-07 Jul-07 May-07 Mar-07 Jan-07 Nov-06 Sep-06 Jul-06 May-06 Mar-06 Jan-06 Nov-05 Sep-05 Jul-05 May-05 Mar-05 Jan-05 Nov-04 Sep-04 Jul-04 May-04 Mar-04 Jan-04 Nov-03 Sep-03 Jul-03 May-03 Mar-03 Jan-03 0 Base: c. 1,000 British adults each month through June 2008; c. 500 British adults thereafter Source: Ipsos MORI Political Monitor Comparing Leaders Which leader do you think … Gordon Brown, David Cameron or Nick Clegg? Brown Cameron …is more honest than most politicians 10% …best understands the problems facing Britain? Base: 1,003 British adults 18+, 25th-27th September 2009 43% 10% 10% 12% …would be best in a crisis? …is most out of touch with ordinary people? 25% 19% 27% 19% 25% …best understands world problems? Don’t know Neither Clegg 37% 34% 9% 10% 10% 28% 4% 46% 10% 12% 15% 11% 8% 33% 33% Source: Ipsos MORI Political Monitor Net satisfaction with Opposition Leaders (1994 – 2009) How satisfied or dissatisfied are you with the way … is doing his job as leader of the … Party? 40 30 BLAIR (1994-1997) CAMERON (2005-?) Net satisfied 20 10 0 Number of months from becoming leader -10 -20 HOWARD (2003-2005) HAGUE (1997-2001) -30 -40 DUNCAN SMITH (2001-2003) Note: methods change for Cameron; see below -50 Base: c.1,000 British adults interviewed 3rd week of the month Note: Data collected prior to May 2008 was collected via face-to-face methodology; data collected from June 2008 was via telephone Source: Ipsos MORI Political Monitor So what does all this mean – good news for Lib Dems? How would you vote if there were a General Election tomorrow? Conservative lead Labour lead 20 General Election ’05 (Labour majority of 66 seats) Est. Labour lead required for a Labour overall majority Est. Cons’ve lead required for a Cons’ve overall majority 10 0 10 20 30 40 Jan 2003 Jul 2003 Jan 2004 Jul 2004 Jan 2005 Jul 2005 Jan 2006 Base: c. 1,000 British adults each month Jul 2006 Jan 2007 Jul 2007 Jan 2008 Jul 2008 Jan 2009 Jul 2009 Jan 2010 Source: Ipsos MORI Political Monitor What about views on the NHS? Highest levels of satisfaction with the NHS Q Overall, how satisfied or dissatisfied are you with the running of the National Health Service nowadays? % Satisfied Satisfied 67 70 60 50 40 30 Dissatisfied 18 20 10 20 00 Sp rin 20 g 01 W in 20 te r 02 Sp rin 20 g 02 W in 20 te r 03 Sp rin 20 g 03 W in 20 te r 04 Sp rin 20 g 04 W in te 20 r 05 Sp rin 20 g 05 W in 20 te r 06 Sp rin 20 g 06 W in te M r ar ch 20 07 Ju ly 20 07 D ec 20 07 M ar ch 20 08 Ju n08 0 Base: English adults aged 16+ (c.1,000 per wave) Source: Ipsos MORI Perceptions of the NHS Tracker General upward trend in satisfaction… % satisfied 95% GPs 91% 90% 85% 80% Outpatients 86% Inpatients 85% 75% A&E 74% 70% 65% NHS overall 67% 60% 55% 20 02 Sp rin g 20 03 W in te r2 00 3 Sp rin g 20 04 W in te r2 00 4 Sp rin g 20 W 05 in te r2 00 5 Sp rin g 20 W 06 in te r2 00 6 M ar -0 7 Ju l-0 D 7 ec -0 7 M ar -0 8 Ju n08 in te r W Sp rin g 20 02 50% Base: English adults age 16+ (c.1,000 per wave) * Small base size means comparison of figures and trends is indicative only Source: Ipsos MORI Perceptions of the NHS Tracker Even if doubts about national standards, local NHS seen as good Q To what extent, if at all, do you agree or disagree with the following statements? % Agree My local NHS is providing me with a good service 80 74 70 The NHS is providing a good service nationally 60 52 50 40 The government has the right policies for the NHS 30 26 20 10 0 Winter 2003 Spring 2004 Winter 2004 Spring 2005 Winter 2005 Base: English adults aged 16+ (c. 1,000 per wave) Spring 2006 Winter 2006 March 2007 Dec 2007 March 2008 Jun-08 Source: Ipsos MORI Perceptions of the NHS Tracker Satisfaction with NHS less linked with attitudes towards government than in the past Q Overall, how satisfied or dissatisfied are you with the running of the National Health Service nowadays? Q Are you satisfied or dissatisfied with the way the Government is running the country? 70 60 50 40 73 % Satisfied with current running of NHS Since Autumn 2007 public attitudes towards the NHS appear to have moved away from more general opinions of government. This may suggest current high levels of satisfaction with the NHS reflect real improvements to its services. 30 25 20 % Satisfied with way government is running the country D e Ja c-0 Fe n- 06 M b-0 7 a 7 A r-0 M pr- 7 a 0 Juy- 0 7 n 7 Ju -0 A l- 7 u 0 S g- 7 e 0 O p-0 7 N ct -07 o D v -07 e Ja c-0 7 Fe n- 07 M b-0 8 a 8 A r-0 M pr- 8 a 0 Juy- 0 8 n 8 Ju -0 A l-08 u S g- 8 e 0 O p-0 8 N ct -08 o D v -08 e Ja c-0 8 Fe n- 08 M b-0 9 a 9 A r-0 M pr- 9 a 0 Juy- 0 9 n 9 Ju -0 A l-09 u S g- 9 e 0 O p-0 9 N ct -09 o D v -09 ec 9 -0 9 10 Source: Ipsos MORI/DH Public Perceptions of the NHS Tracker, Ipsos MORI Political Monitor Base: NHS satisfaction – c. 1,000 English adults aged 16+ interviewed face-to-face per wave, Government satisfaction – c. 1,000 GB adults aged 18+ interviewed by telephone per wave (N.B interviewed face-to-face until June 2008) NHS has fallen as an issue facing Britain What do you see as the most/other important issues facing Britain today? Economy 70 60 50 Crime/ Law & Order Race/ immigration 40 30 20 NHS 10 Unemployment 0 May 1997 May 1998 May 1999 May 2000 May 2001 May 2002 May 2003 May 2004 Base: representative sample of c.1,000 British adults age 18+ each month, interviewed face-to-face in home May 2005 May 2006 May 2007 May 2008 May 2009 Source: Ipsos MORI Issues Index Key election issue: the economy stupid … but health also important Looking ahead of the next General Election, which, if any, of these issues do you think will be very important to you in helping you decide which party to vote for? Change from August 2008* All at 3% and above 39% Managing the economy 20% Healthcare 17% 15% 13% 10% Education Unemployment Asylum/ immigration Taxation Defence Crime/ anti-soc. behaviour Protecting the environment Afghanistan Pensions Party leader/policies Europe 6% 6% 6% 6% 5% 5% 3% Base: 1,003 British adults 18+, 25th-27th September 2009 NOTE: Trend is from a face-to-face, prompted question. This year’s question is asked open-ended. +4 -2 -5 +10 -1 -8 +2 -12 -4 n/a -4 n/a 0 Source: Ipsos MORI Political Monitor Which party has the best policies on … ? % who think issue is ‘very important’ in helping them decide how to vote Labour Managing the economy 39 Healthcare 20 Education Conservatives Lib Dems 30% 12% 22% 37% 10% 17 15 15% Taxation Crime & anti-social behaviour Defence 13 -2 27% -5 11% 15% 10% 10 18% 25% 23% 6 20% +14 +2 31% 6 -15 27% 29% 29% Asylum/ immigration +5 25% 22% Unemployment Conservative lead over Labour +11 9% 24% 21% 10% Base: 1,003 British adults 18+, 25th-27th September 2009 NB. Figures exclude ‘don’t know’, ‘none’ and ‘other’ responses +3 Source: Ipsos MORI Political Monitor The elephant in the room…. Green shoots? Employment levels, rebased* Recession starting in 102 1980 Q1 1990 Q3 2008 Q3 ! 100 98 96 94 92 1 2 Source: ONS/Economist 3 4 5 Years since start of recession 6 7 *Quarter before start of recession = 100 8 Over the next three years… The problem is that this isn’t registering…. People apprehensive about NHS over next few years – but its not about financial crunch Thinking about the NHS over the next few years do you expect it 2005 General Election (May to get better/worse? Brown as PM (Jun 07) – Johnson replaces Hewitt as 05) – Hewitt replaces Reid % net better 1p rise in National Insurance for NHS (Apr 02) Reid replaces Milburn as Health Secretary (Jun 03) 15 -15 Burnham replaces Johnson as Health Secretary (Jun 09) Cameron elected (Dec 05) 14 9 5 -5 Health Secretary as Health Secretary -2 1 1 -7 -5 -12 -4 -2 -11 -23 -25 -14 -19 -11 -8 -15 -27 -32 -30 -35 9 v-0 No 9 n-0 Ju 8 p -0 Se 8 r -0 Ma 7 v-0 No 7 p -0 Se 7 y-0 Ma 7 r -0 Ma 6 v-0 No 6 p -0 Se 6 y-0 Ma 6 r-0 Ma 5 v-0 No 5 p -0 Se 5 y-0 Ma 5 b-0 Fe 4 v-0 No 4 p -0 Se 4 n-0 Ju 4 r-0 Ma 3 c-0 De 3 p -0 Se 3 n-0 Ju 3 r-0 Ma 2 c-0 De 2 p -0 Se 2 y-0 Ma 2 r -0 Ma Base: c.1,000 British Adults Source: Ipsos MORI The Ipsos MORI Economic Optimism Index Do you think that the general economic condition of the country will improve, stay the same or get worse over the next 12 months? 40 +28 Index (get better minus get worse) +23 +20 20 0 -4 -4 -20 -40 Base: c. 1,000 British adults each month Oct '09 May '09 Dec '08 Jul '08 Feb '08 Sep '07 Apr '07 Nov '06 Jun '06 Jan '06 Aug '05 Mar '05 Oct '04 Jun '04 Jan '04 Aug '03 Mar '03 Oct '02 May '02 Dec '01 Jul '01 Feb '01 Sep '00 Apr '00 Nov '99 -56 Jun '99 Jan '99 Apr '98 Nov '97 Jun '97 Jan '97 -80 Sep '98 -46 -60 Source: Ipsos MORI Political Monitor A denial of seriousness of national debt… To what extent do you agree or disagree with each of the following statements about public services in Britain? % Strongly agree % Tend to agree % Tend to disagree Making public services more efficient can save enough money to help cut government spending, without damaging services the public receive There is a real need to cut spending on public services in order to pay off the very high national debt we now have 38 18 % Strongly disagree 41 22 22 8 5 29 40% Source: Ipsos MORI Public Spending Index Base: 1,004 British adults, 19-21 June 2009 3 months later, even fewer want to look at cuts To what extent do you agree or disagree with each of the following statements about public services in Britain? % Agree Making public services more efficient can save enough money to help cut government spending, without damaging services the public receive There is a real need to cut spending on public services in order to pay off the very high national debt we now have % Disagree 75 24 Base: 1,041 online British adults aged 16-64, 4-7 Sept 2009 9 50 Perhaps because most people don’t feel personally squeezed How would you describe the current state of… % Very good % Fairly good The British 18 economy The economy in 1 your local area Your personal finances % Fairly poor 40 50 33 10 Base: 984 British adults, 15th May – 21st May 2009 % Very poor 40 57 19 21 10 Source: Ipsos MORI Why is this a problem for the NHS? Consistent view it should be protected % Q10 Which of the following statements best reflects your thinking about the NHS? 90 The NHS is crucial to 73 British society 73 and we must 72 do everything to maintain it 80 70 60 50 All ABC1 C2DE The NHS was a great project 27 but we 25 23 probably can’t maintain it in its current form 40 30 20 10 tr Q 1s t 20 07 r2 00 6 6 in te g 20 0 W Sp rin r2 00 5 5 in te g 20 0 W Sp rin r2 00 4 4 in te 20 0 Base: English adults age 16+ (c.1,000 per wave) W g Sp rin r2 00 3 3 in te g 20 0 W Sp rin r2 00 2 2 in te W Sp rin g 20 0 20 01 20 00 0 It will provide me with everything I need … = no limits on spending The NHS should provide the most effective drugs and treatments provided they represent good value for money 28% The NHS should provide the most effective drugs and treatments no matter what they cost 41% Base: British public, 18+ (1,001) 12-17 January 2006 31% The NHS should provide all drugs and treatments no matter what they cost 72% expect NHS to provide drugs no matter what they cost The psychological contract Q Please tell me whether on the whole you agree or disagree with each of the following statements? % Agree Britain’s National Health Service is one of the best in the world The NHS will be there for me when I need it June 08 July 08 August 08 June 08 July 08 August 08 My local NHS helps improve the health and wellbeing of me and my family June 08 July 08 August 08 % Disagree 57 61 63 27 22 24 74 18 77 14 82 9 68 73 73 Base: English adults aged 16+ (c. 900 per wave) N.B arrows represent significant differences in agreement from June-Aug 08 Source: Ipsos MORI NHS 60th awareness tracking August 2008 17 12 13 … and public want NHS protected Which TWO or THREE, if any, of the following main areas of public spending do you think should be protected from any cuts? The NHS/health care Schools Care for the elderly The Police Social services Defence Benefit payments Local authority services Overseas aid None of these Don’t know 82% 58% 46% 35% 15% 13% 8% 6% 5% *% 1% Base: All who think some services should be protected (773), 19-21 June 2009 Source: Ipsos MORI Public Spending Index Huge expectations pose real challenge to the NHS… As well as funding challenges…. - we're older and we're more expensive to treat - we expect services to give us what we want - we're all expert in what's wrong with us and what the NHS should be doing about it - we expect it of right and we're more vocal in demanding it - and we don't trust you if you say we can't have it Which means... We have a much stronger sense of being denied (by the NHS) Which brings with it real risks… Unrealistic public expectations likely to do reputational damage to NHS – and undermine public support The sentimentality we attach to the NHS will disappear as a new generation realises the financial implications. The IPOD (Insecure, Pressurised, Overtaxed and Debt-ridden) Generation, now in their thirties, will simply rebel by voting out politicians who want to maintain the current system Prof Karol Sikora, Sunday Times, 31 August 2008 A backlash? Early signals…. Becoming a less compassionate society? The state has a duty to provide a decent standard of living for the unemployed 85% Government should redistribute wealth to help the poor 51% 38% 55% 1985 Now Source: British Social Attitudes Survey 2010 1994 Now Fewer now support extending services People have different views about whether it is more important to reduce taxes or keep up government spending. How about you? Which of these statements comes closest to your own view? % Government services such as health, education and welfare should be extended, even if it means some increases in taxes 80 70 60 50 % 40 30 20 10 0 April '97 % Things should be left as they are % Taxes should be cut, even if it means some reduction in government services, such as health, education and welfare % Don't know Tax increase/extend services 46% 33% Things left as are Tax cut/reduce services Don’t know November '00 Base: c.1,000 British Adults April '05 18% 2% June '09 Source: Ipsos MORI So what do politicians have to say? A debate is needed… An ageing society, technological advances and public expectations are placing demands that all countries are struggling to meet. Countries do not have infinite sums of money to spend on health. … The debate is not about whether - but how healthcare budgets can be most fairly shared out among a country's citizenry. Sir Michael Rawlins, Chairman of NICE, 18 August 2008 Need to lead a fundamental debate with the public and clinicians… As a society we have to make some hard choices for the NHS - what it should deliver, what it shouldn’t - how it decides what’s “fair” - should NHS rewards personal responsibility? This is about determining a new psychological contract between public, clinicians and the NHS about what the NHS can and can’t do… Thank you – any questions? For further information contact jonathan.nicholls@ipsos.com 020 7347 3110 © 2010 Ipsos MORI – all rights reserved