All children have different ways of learning called learning styles. The three main learning styles are auditory, visual, and bodily-kinesthetic. Teachers must connect with students through these individual learning styles. When they incorporate different learning styles in their instruction, teachers can significantly enhance student learning.

 Auditory learners enjoy talking and listening.
 Information becomes real to them through discussions
(Sprenger, 2005).
 They remember what they hear more clearly than what they see or feel (Sprenger, 2005).
 These learners interpret the essential meaning of speech by listening to tone of voice, pitch, and speed (Learning Styles, n.d.).

The auditory learning style is most closely related to Verbal/Linguistic Intelligence.
• Verbal intelligence involves the mastery of language (Nolen, 2003).
It is also related to
Musical/Rhythmic and
Interpersonal intelligences.

 Think in words
 Frequently learn by reading or writing
 Tend to become teachers, journalists, writers, translators
 Are great storytellers and joke tellers
 Are able to use words with clarity
 Are great at explaining
 Follow oral directions well
 Enjoy music

 Regulate tone of voice, inflection, and body language when teaching so students will stay focused and attentive
(Farwell, 2011).
 Let students use self-talk as they work through things.
 Integrate music into the curriculum as much as possible.
Use songs, melodies, rhythms, and beats to teach skills.
 Encourage children to whisper read when they read independently.
 Have students participate in small or large group discussions before they work independently (Hutton,
2011).

 Discussions
 Debates
 Read alouds
 Listening to books on tape
 Reading a text aloud
 Lectures
 Making speeches and presentations
 Using a tape recorder during lectures
 Creating songs to help remember things (Learning
Styles, n.d.)

• Provide staff development for teachers on the auditory learning style and how to incorporate it into daily instruction.
• Demonstrate lessons that are designed for auditory learners.
• Guide teachers to use appropriate strategies to reach auditory learners ~ discussions, debates, etc.
• Encourage teachers to share teaching strategies that have worked well with auditory learners.
Role of the literacy coach in maximizing student achievement
• Start a book club with auditory learners and meet weekly to discuss the book .

• Visual learners are those that learn best through seeing them (Fleming 2011).
• The individual process information in pictures rather than words (Silverman & Freed, 1996).

 Needs quiet study time
 Likes color/dreams in color
 Understands and likes charts (Fleming, 2011)
 Make vivid images of movies in their mind
 Pay attention to body language like facial expressions
 Can easily remember size, shape, color, or texture.

 Activities that include maps, videos, models, puzzles, matching activities, graphs, computers, and word searches
 Write down and highlight information
 Using pictures or drawing to express understanding of content
 Use visuals to teach lessons, including pictures, graphics, images, charts, outlines, story maps and diagrams

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Videotape strategies that teachers are effectively practicing in their classrooms. This can produce compelling evidence of best practices (Blachowicz, Obrochta & Fogelberg,
2005).
Can also encourage teachers to videotape their own instruction and then review it in private to reflect on their instruction.
Use visuals in her presentations as well to model teachers the importance of these.
Provide charts that show on how visuals is fundamental to students with limited background knowledge and to English
Language Learners.

 Bodily kinesthetic learners have the ability to understand and solve problems in the world through body or parts of the body( Armstrong, 2000).
 Kinesthesis is the dimensions to act gracefully and to capture directly the actions or the vibrant abilities of other people or objects ( Armstrong, 2000).

 Ability to manipulate objects to learn.
 Carry out delicate movements using precise control such as dancers and athletes.
 Can not sit still for long periods of time.
 Enjoy keeping their hands busy.

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Bodily kinesthetic learning styled people enjoy school activities such as: drawing modeling sculpting drafting shop athletics
Dance hands-on sciences
• (Logsdon, 2011)

 Help the teacher come up with ways to increase kinesthetic learning opportunities.
 Support literacy through visual and spatial representations – such as storyboards, drawing, acting
(King & Gurian, 2006).
 Co-teach with the teacher to help them get comfortable with these types of activities.

Literacy Coaches are vital to promote instruction that convey the three learning styles. It is through curriculum development, modeling instruction and direct instruction that the learning styles can be implemented. Literacy coaches and teachers must work in partnership. This is essential in order to meet our students needs.

Armstrong, T. (2000). Multiple Intelligences in the classroom. Association for Supervision & Curriculum Development located in the GCU e Library at http://site.ebrary.com/lib/grandcanyon/Doc?id=10044795&ppg=63
Blachowicz, C., Obrochta, C., & Fogelberg, E. (2005).
Literacy Coaching For Change. Retrieved March 7, 2011, from http://www.uncwil.edu/cte/events/fall05/MidCourseCorrections/literacy%20change.pdf
Farwell, T. (2011). Visual, auditory, kinesthetic learners. Retrieved March 8, 2011, from http://school.familyeducation.com/intelligence/teaching-methods/38519.html
Hutton, S. (2011).
Helping Auditory Learners Succeed. Retrieved March 7, 2011, from http://www.education.com/magazine/article/auditory_learners/
Hutton, S. (2011).
Helping Visual Learners Succeed. Retrieved March 7, 2011, from http://www.education.com/magazine/article/Helping_Visual_Learners
Fleming, G. (2011). Visual Learning: Learners Who Understand by Seeing. Retrieved March 6, 2011, from http://homeworktips.about.com/od/homeworkhelp/a/visual.htm
King, K. & Gurian, M. (2006). Teaching to the minds of boys.
Retrieved March 8, 2011 from http://www.floridaliteracycoaches.org/Toolbox/professional_readings/teaching_to_the_minds_of_boys.pdf
Learning styles explained. (n.d.). Retrieved March 7, 2011, from http://www.ldpride.net/learningstyles.MI.htm#Learning%20Styles%20Explained
Logsdon, Amy. (2011).
Bodily Kinesthetic Learning Style - Understanding Bodily Kinesthetic Learner. Retrieved March
7, 2011, from http://learningdisabilities.about.com/od/resourcesresearch/qt/Bodily_kinesthe.htm
Nolen, J. L. (2003). MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCES IN THE CLASSROOM. Education , 124(1), 115-119. Retrieved from EBSCO host .
Silverman, L., Freed, J. (1996). The Visual Spatial Learner. Retrieved March 6, 2011, from http://www.dyslexia.com/library/silver1.htm
Sprenger, M. (2005). How to teach so students remember. Alexandria, VA: ASCD.