Hinton Scholars Program
Photosynthesis
Fig. 10-5-1
H2O
Light
NADP+
ADP
+ P
Light
Reactions
Chloroplast
i
Fig. 10-5-2
H2O
Light
NADP+
ADP
+ P
i
Light
Reactions
ATP
NADPH
Chloroplast
O2
Fig. 10-5-3
CO2
H2O
Light
NADP+
ADP
+ P
i
Light
Reactions
ATP
NADPH
Chloroplast
O2
Calvin
Cycle
Fig. 10-5-4
CO2
H2O
Light
NADP+
ADP
+ P
i
Light
Reactions
Calvin
Cycle
ATP
NADPH
Chloroplast
O2
[CH2O]
(sugar)
Evolution of Chloroplasts and
Mitochondria
Why are most (but not all) plants
green?
Violet and Blue are best transmitted through clear water.
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Dew_on_green_Plant.jpg
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloroplast
http://www.pion.cz/en/article/electromagnetic-spectrum
Fig. 10-18-1
Stomata
What are stomata?
What do they do?
Beginning of the Calvin Cycle!
http://www.hisse.net/forum/showthread.php?t=26901&page=11
Fig. 10-19
C4 Plants
The C4 pathway
Mesophyll
cell
PEP hydroxylase binds to CO2
more strongly than rubisco. It
will even bind CO2 at low
concentrations.
These steps are isolated into
different cells/compartments.
3C
4C
Bundlesheath
cell
CO2
PEP carboxylase
3C
CO2
Calvin
Cycle
Sugar
Vascular
tissue
http://www.hisse.net/forum/showthread.php?t=26901&page=11
Fig. 10-20
CAM Plants
Stomata are closed during the
day, but open at night to let in
CO2.
These steps are temporally
separated.
http://www.hisse.net/forum/showthread.php?t=26901&page=11
Fig. 10-18-3
Input
3
CO2
(Entering one
at a time)
Phase 1: Carbon fixation
Rubisco
3 P
Short-lived
intermediate
3 P
Ribulose bisphosphate
(RuBP)
P
6
P
3-Phosphoglycerate
P
6
ATP
6 ADP
3 ADP
3
Calvin
Cycle
6 P
P
1,3-Bisphosphoglycerate
ATP
6 NADPH
Phase 3:
Regeneration of
the CO2 acceptor
(RuBP)
6 NADP+
6 Pi
P
5
G3P
6
P
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate
(G3P)
1
Output
P
G3P
(a sugar)
Glucose and
other organic
compounds
Phase 2:
Reduction