‫بسم هللا الرحمن الرحيم‬
‫﴿و ما أوتيتم من العلم إال قليال﴾‬
‫صدق هللا العظيم‬
‫االسراء اية ‪58‬‬
By
Dr. Abdel Aziz M. Hussein
Assistant Prof. of Medical Physiology
Revision
• Physiology total marks = 250 marks
1. Midyear MCQ exam = 45 marks + 5 marks (case)
2. Logbook = 5 marks
3. Case exam = 5 marks
4. Practical = 15 marks
5. Sheet and MCQ exam = 30 marks
6. Oral exam = 20 marks
7. Final year exam = 125 marks (85 written + 40
MCQ)
Short Essay Questions
Define
(one march for each)
1. Osmole and mole
12. Pinocytosis
2. Homeostasis
13.Phagocytosis
3. Negative feedback mechanism14. Pinocytosis
4. Gap junctions
15. Phagocytosis
5. Tight junctions
16. Osmosis
6. Simple diffusion
17. Tonicity
7. Facilitated diffusion
18. Osmotic pressure
8. Active transport
19. Donnan equilibrium
9. Vesicular transport
10. Voltage gated ion channels
11. Ligand gated ion channels
Enumerate
1. Functions of general
functions of water
2. Types of feedback
mechanisms
3. Routes of water input
4. Routes of Water output
5. General functions of cell
membrane
6. Type and functions of cell
membrane proteins
7. Types of intercellular
connections of physiological
importance
8. Physiological importance of
osmosis
9. Effects of Donnan equilibrium
10. Types of endocytosis , give
example for each type
11. Characters of simple
diffusion, facilitated
diffusion, active transport
12. Types of active transport,
give example for each type
13. Inhibitors or activators of
Na-K pump
Compare between
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Simple, facilitated diffusion and active transport
Tight junction and gap junctions
Endocytosis and exocytosis
Ligand gated and voltage gated ion channels
Primary and secondary active transport
Mention the effect and explain its mechanism of
1. Inhibition of Na-K pump on distribution of ions inside and
outside cells.
2. Occurrence of Donnan equilibrium at the level of the cell
3. Exposure of the cell to hypotonic or hypertonic solutions
4. Inhibition of Na-K pump on;
• 2ry active transport of Glucose
• Transport of glucose by facilitated diffusion
• Osmotic equilibrium between ICF and ECF
5. Donnan equilibrium on osmotic pressure of plasma proteins into
capillaries
6. Donnan equilibrium on Na and Cl concentration in glomerular
filtrate at glomerular capillaries
Mention Physiological importance of
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Osmosis
Donnan equilibrium
Ligand gated ion channels
Voltage gated ion channels
Na – K pump
Gap junctions
Tight junctions
Glycocalyx
Receptor mediated endocytosis
The cotransport of glucose (secondary active
transport) derives energy from
1. A Na concentration gradient.
2. The glucose being transported.
3. The membrane voltage.
4. Body heat.
Matter can leave a cell by any of the following
means except
1. Active transport.
2. Endocytosis.
3. Simple diffusion.
4. Exocytosis.
• If a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution
1. the cell will swell
2. the cell will shrink
3. the concentration of water outside the cell is
initially higher than the concentration inside
the cell
4. the concentration of non-penetrating solute
inside the cell will decrease
Regarding the sodium, potassium pump
1. energy from ATP is directly used to move the
sodium and potassium
2. sodium can be moved either into or out of the
cell
3. more sodium ions are pumped into the cell than
potassium ions are pumped out
4. A and B.
5. A and C.
THANKS