2015 CRIMINAL LAW LEGISLATIVE UPDATE Kristin Etter October 16, 2015 TCDLA GOALS •Protect the Michael Morton Act •Kill bad bills •Fix expunctions TONE of SESSION •Strange bedfellows •Historic Speaker Vote •Senate two-thirds rule 2015 SESSION MAIN THEMES Guns Guns Guns 2015 SESSION MAIN THEMES Grand Jury Reform 2015 SESSION MAIN THEMES Marijuana and other decriminalization measures SESSION OVERVIEW •Number of bills filed: 6,440 •TCDLA Track: Approx. 1000 •Number of bills passed: 1,329 •15-20% Track passed 2015 SESSION LEGISLATIVE UPDATE OVERVIEW •Michael Morton Act & Discovery •Occupational Licenses •New Standard Value Ladder •Sex Offenses •Non-Disclosures •Rule of Lenity •Search & Seizure •Grand Jury •Family Violence 2015 SESSION LEGISLATIVE UPDATE OVERVIEW •Drugs •Juveniles •Guns •Forensics & Post-Conviction •Digital Crimes •Probation •Jail & Prison •Death Penalty •Fine & Court Costs MICHAEL MORTON ACT & DISCOVERY HB 510 - (CCP 39.14) Request for Notice of Expert Witness. HB 3791 – (CCP 2.139) Video Recordings of Arrests for Intoxication Offenses (Does not include DUI) OCCUPATIONAL LICENSE HB 2246 (TTC 521.251) - Ignition Interlock “in lieu of a license suspension” • No hard suspension with IID • No essential need with IID • No travel restrictions with IID • If DL suspended on conviction, IID required for entire suspension HB 441 (TTC 521.249) - Copy of Order valid for 45 Days. VALUE LADDER HB 1396 (TPC Property Crimes) RAISING THE AMOUNTS FOR MISDEMEANOR OFFENSE LEVELS: Class C: Less than $100 Class B: $100+ but less than $750 Class A: $750+ but less than $2,500 VALUE LADDER HB 1396 (TPC Property Crimes) RAISING THE AMOUNTS FOR FELONIES OFFENSE LEVELS: SJF: $2,500+ but less than $30,000 3d Degree: $30,000+ but less than $150,000 2d Degree: $150,000+ but less than $300,000 1st Degree: More than $300,000 SEX OFFENSES HB 1396 (CCP 32A.01) Trial Priority for child victims. Unless extraordinary circumstances require otherwise, the trial of a criminal action in which the alleged victim is younger than 14 years of age shall be given preference over other matters before the court, whether civil or criminal Unless extraordinary circumstances require otherwise, the trial of a criminal SEX OFFENSES SB 1135 (TPC 21.16) Unlawful Disclosure or Promotion of Intimate Visual Material aka “Revenge Porn” • Creates new crime to disclose or promote “revenge porn” if you disclose visual material depicting person’s intimate parts or engaged in sexual conduct without consent SEX OFFENSES SB 1317 (TPC 21.15) Invasive Visual Recording: The New and Improved Improper Photography Statute • • Removes requirement that it be done with intent to arouse or gratify sexual desire Makes it a crime to photograph intimate area of a person if the person has a reasonable expectation that the intimate area is not subject to public view SEX OFFENSES SB 344 (TPC 33.021) The New and Improved Online Solicitation • • • Prior version struck down by CCA Changes the definition of a minor protected by online solicitation law to anyone younger than 17, rather than anyone who "represents himself or herself to be" younger than that age. Also removes “intent to arouse or gratify sexual desire” language SEX OFFENSES HB 207 (TPC 21.16) Voyeurism – the new “Peeping Tom” Bill • • Makes it a new crime to commit “voyeurism” which is observing another person in a dwelling or structure where a person has a reasonable expectation of privacy with the intent to arouse or gratify sexual desire Class C unless 2 priors, then Class B, or unless person is child younger than 14, then SJF SEX OFFENSES SB 825 (TPC 43.02) Prostitution • distinguishes the Jane from the John • Both are still Class B (unless enhancements apply) SEX OFFENSES HB 2291 (TPC 42.037) Child Pornography • Prior child porn conviction enhances to second degree • Two prior convictions enhances to first degree • Prior conviction for promotion enhances to first degree SEX OFFENSES HB 189 (CCP 12.01) Statute of limitations Elimination aka the Bill Cosby Act • eliminates the statute of limitations for sexual assault if probable cause exists to believe the defendant has committed the same or similar sexual offense against FIVE or more victims. CRIMINAL RECORDS VETOED BY GOVENOR - HB 3579 (CCP 55.01) Expunctions: by offense, not arrest SB 1902 (TGC 411) Non-disclosures Provides for nondisclosures of certain nonviolent misdemeanor convictions Also provides for immediate and cheaper nondisclosures for certain successfully completed deferred adjudications RULE OF LENITY HB 1396 (TGC 311.035) For crimes outside the penal code, any ambiguity favors the defendant. SEARCH & SEIZURE HB 1396 (CCP 18.02 & 18.0215) Warrant requirement for cell phones HB 326 (CCP 18.01) Electronic submission for search warrants HB 941 (TGC 411.1471) DNA database expansion GRAND JURY HB 2150 (CCP 19) Expanded traditional juror qualifications to grand jury End of “key man” system FAMILY VIOLENCE SB 817 (TFC 71.004) Expands definition of dating violence to include applicant of PO HB 388 (TFC 85.025) Extension of duration of protective orders if person in custody HB 2645 (TPC 25.07) New offense: Tampering with GPS HB 2645 (CCP 38.371) Rules of Evidence Change SB 112 (CCP 17.292) Magistrate can cut off all contact with victim or children DRUGS SB 173 (HSC 481.1031) Synthetic marijuana SB 339 (HSC 487) Limited medical marijuana use of THC HB 1212 (HSC 431) Emergency declaration of controlled substances when chemists change one or two molecules to create new drugs JUVENILE HB 2398 (Multiple Statutes) Decriminalizing truancy SB 1707 (TFC 58.003) Records SB 888 ( TFC 56.01 & CCP 44.47) Right to immediate appeal after certification as an adult GUNS HB 910 (Multiple Statutes) Open carry Effective 01/01/2016 SB 11 (TGC 411.2031) Concealed carry on college campus - Effective 08/01/2016 HB 554 (TPC 46.03) Airports FORENSICS / POST-CONVICTION SB 662 (CCP 11.074) Appointment of attorney for post-conviction writ – Effective 06/16/2015 SB 487 (CCP 64.01) DNA: reasonable likelihood that it contains biological material HB 3724 (CCP 3724) Expansion of scientific writs HB 48 (CCP 43.27) Exoneration commission Effective 06/01/2015 COMPUTER CRIMES HB 896 (TPC 33.02) Breach of computer security: no intent to harm needed •Overbroad: challenge ripe for constitutional PROBATION HB 2299 (CCP 42A) Non-substantive re-write of 42.12 - Effective 01/01/2017 HB 518 (CCP 42.12) Waiver of probation revocation without being present PROSECUTION HB 1690 (TGC 411.0251) Localizes prosecution of public officials JAIL & PRISONS HB 549 (TGC 511.009) In person jail visitation HB 710 (TGC 508.251) Bonds in parole warrant cases SB 746 (HSC 841) Civil commitment for sex offenders - Effective 06/17/2015 DEATH PENALTY SB 1071 (CCP 43.141) Must provide notice of execution date SB 1697 (TGC 552.1081) Secrecy of execution drug cocktail FINES & COURT COSTS SB 873 (CCP 43.05) If police going to arrest on a capias pro fine and take someone to jail, can pay the officer directly instead of car being towed and arrested.