WWU Environmental Health & Safety Contents This presentation contains five training modules that regulations require individuals to have when working with hazardous chemicals and generating hazardous waste. Chemical Hazard Communication Laboratory Safety Hazardous Waste Stormwater Management Chemical Security Awareness Chemical Hazard Communication Chemical Hazard Communication is a federal law requiring employers to provide employees with information about chemicals before they work with them. Western requires that this information be provided to students as well. Sharing information about chemical hazards is done by having: Training, Safety information sheets available, and Properly labeling chemical containers. Chemical Hazard Communication In March of 2012, the Globally Harmonized System (GHS) for the classification and labeling of chemicals was adopted into the OSHA Hazard Communication Standard. This system is intended to standardize the way that chemicals are labeled and the way that information about chemical hazards are communicated around the world. It is important to note that GHS will not lessen a worker’s right to information, but will result in many changes in the ways that the information is conveyed. Information is found in Section 6 of the WWU Departmental Safety Information Book. The information is also on the web at the EHS website under documents. MSDS to SDS Under GHS, Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) will now be called SDS (Safety Data Sheets). Although the same sort of chemical safety information will be present, GHS mandates that this information will be grouped into a different format, consisting of 16 headings on every SDS. These headings are required to be in the same order on every SDS. Safety Data Sheets SDS’s are the most important source of information for any chemical at Western. SDS’s must be available to all employees for review at all times and students as well. The SDS will tell you: What the substance looks and smells like, What it is composed of, Its dangerous properties, How to protect yourself against it, and First aid procedures if you are exposed. Safety Data Sheets New SDS Format 1. Identification 2. Hazard(s) identification 3. Composition/information on ingredients 4. First-aid measures 5. Fire-fighting measures 6. Accidental release measures 7. Handling and storage 8. Exposure control/personal protection New SDS Format, Continued 9. Physical and chemical properties 10. Stability and reactivity 11. Toxicological information 12. Ecological information 13. Disposal considerations 14. Transport information 15. Regulatory information 16. Other information New SDS Format, Continued GHS Number System: Section 2 of the SDS contains the GHS classification for hazard severity. The numbering system is between 1 and 4. 1 – Category of most severe hazard 4 – Category of least severe hazard *These Global Harmonized System classification numbers are NOT to be used to fill in the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) 704 diamond! Hazard Warnings & Labels SDS’s may also include the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) labeling system, which provides: • Basic information for emergency personnel responding to a fire or spill and those planning for emergency response. • Each color, number and symbol represent a type of hazard and severity of hazard. Hazard Warnings & Labels NFPA Diamond Flammability Reactive Health From NFPA Code 704 Special Information W - Water Reactive OX - Oxidizer Top 3 boxes rated 0 (no hazard) to 4 (highest hazard) Comparison of NFPA 704 and GHS Labels NFPA 704 GHS Purpose Provides basic information for emergency personnel responding to a fire or spill and those planning for emergency response. Informs workers about the hazards in workplace under normal conditions of use and foreseeable emergencies. Number System: NFPA Rating and OSHA’s Classification System 0-4 0 - least hazardous 4 - most hazardous 1-4 1 – most severe hazard 4 – least severe hazard • The Hazard category numbers are NOT required to be on labels but are required on SDSs in Section 2. • Numbers are used to CLASSIFY hazards to determine what label information is required. Comparison of NFPA 704 and GHS Labels (cont.) NFPA 704 Information Provided on Label • • • • Health Hazards on Label Acute (short term) health hazards only as they are more typical for emergency response applications. Chronic health effects are not covered by NFPA 704. Health – Blue Flammability – Red Instability – Yellow Special Hazards* - White GHS • • • • • • Product Identifier Signal Word Hazard Statement(s) Pictogram(s) Precautionary statement(s); and Name address and phone number of responsible party. Acute (short term) and chronic (long term) health hazards. Both acute and chromic health effects are relevant for employees working with chemicals day after day. GHS Labeling Elements Signal Words Signal words are used to indicate the relative level of severity of hazard. Signal words will be “Danger” or “Warning”. “Danger” is used for more severe hazards “Warning” is used for less severe hazards GHS Labeling Elements Hazard Statements A hazard statement is assigned to a hazard class and category that describes the nature of the hazard(s) of a chemical, including where appropriate, the degree of hazard. GHS Labeling Elements Pictograms Pictograms are visual indicators of the hazard of a chemical. These are now standardized world-wide. Examples are below •Acute toxicity (severe) •Flammables •Self Reactives •Pyrophorics •Self-Heating •Emits Flammable Gas •Organic Peroxides Globally Harmonized System Label GHS chemical labels are very similar to those before GHS. New labels have a signal word Danger (if applicable ) Hazard statements Fatal if swallowed Pictogram Skull and crossbones in red diamond Container Labeling The law requires that all containers, including secondary containers, are: • Clearly labeled as to the contents. • Write out chemical names, no abbreviations. • Exhibit an appropriate hazard warning such as the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) diamond or GHS pictograms • List the name of the manufacturer. Container Labeling What do these vessels contain? When re-using containers, mark out labels of the previous contents. Fabulosa is a caustic chemical cleaner that looks like a sports drink. Container Labeling Containers filled with unidentified contents are considered discarded wastes. If the contents are designated as hazardous waste, and not properly disposed of, significant fines can result. All containers: tanks, drums, buckets, oil drip pans, etc., must be clearly labeled to identify their contents. Container Labeling What does this can contain? Contradictory labeling can be dangerous! Physical Hazards of Chemicals The following are physical hazards associated with chemicals. Chemicals with these properties create or intensify burns, flames and/or, in some cases, explosions: •Combustible liquids •Compressed gas •Explosive •Flammable •Organic peroxides •Peroxide formers • Corrosive •Oxidizers •Pyrophorics •Unstable (reactives) •Water-reactive Chemical Health Hazards Chemicals can harm peoples’ health in several ways: A carcinogen or suspected carcinogen is a substance that research has shown to be linked to a high risk of developing cancer. A toxic substance has the potential to disrupt physical processes, such as breathing, coordination, etc. ACUTE TOXICITY Toxic effects from a single or multiple exposure to a substance for a short period of time (less than one day) CHRONIC TOXICITY Toxic effects from repeated or seasonal exposure to a chemical substance Chemical Health Hazards Some chemicals and biological agents present a reproductive hazard. If you and/or your partner need specific information regarding chemical or biological use in the workplace, please contact your faculty member or supervisor. Please consider the Environmental Health & Safety Office a resource about fetal health in the workplace: (360) 650-3064 How Chemicals Affect You The effect on your body from exposure to any hazardous substance depends on two things: The dose (how much of the substance you were exposed to) and The duration (how long you were exposed to the substance) Depending on the substance, it is possible to suffer harmful effects from a low dose over a long period of time or from a high dose over a short period of time. If the dose and the duration are low enough, a hazardous substance may cause no negative health effects at all. How Chemicals Affect You How Chemicals Affect You The ways a substance can be introduced to your body are called routes of entry. There are four main routes of entry: Inhalation (the substance is breathed in), Ingestion (the substance is swallowed), Absorption (the substance passes through the skin), Injection (the substance enters the body through a cut or other means). Chemical Exposure Situations If you have been exposed to a hazardous chemical, you have to act quickly to minimize any potential damage to your body. Wash immediately in a safety shower or eye wash after exposure for a minimum of 15 minutes. Remove contaminated clothing. Call 911 and notify your instructor/ supervisor. Complete an accident report within 24 hours. Universal Precautions If you come across a leak or spill of a material that you cannot identify, you must assume that it is hazardous, and report it to your supervisor or call the EHS department. Universal Precautions State and local regulations require notification immediately or within 1 hour should contaminants pose a threat to bodies of water. Notify EHS should you come across a spill that may go down a storm or sewer drain! New WWU Chemical Inventory Management System In 2012, WWU’s Environmental Health and Safety (EHS) Department purchased access to an online chemical inventory management system called CHIMERA. CHIMERA stands for Chemical Inventory Manager and Electronic Reporting Application and was developed by The University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV). CHIMERA CHIMERA is an interface that enables users to access crucial chemical inventory information. This system provides easy access to reports, inventory management tools, first responder signs, and safety data sheets among other functions. CHIMERA Links to the CHIMERA website and WWU CHIMERA manual can be found here. For more information and to apply for access, please contact your department stockroom manager or the Environmental Health and Safety office at 650-3064. Laboratory Safety Personal Protective Equipment Departments at Western specify the personal protective equipment that is needed for each hazardous task • Follow the personal protective equipment Hazard Assessment Certification located in Section 5 of the WWU Safety Information Book. KNOW WHERE TO FIND YOUR PLAN WITHIN YOUR DEPARTMENT! Hazardous Chemical Definition “A chemical for which there is statistically significant evidence based on at least one study conducted in accordance with established scientific principles that acute or chronic health effects may occur in exposed employees.” Note that this is the legal definition of a hazardous chemical. The health and safety regulations are very broad and include almost every chemical. How to Protect Yourself From Chemicals There are THREE ways to protect yourself from exposure to chemicals: 1. Use all engineering controls Like fume hoods or exhaust vents 2. Wear Protective Equipment Like gloves, aprons, or goggles 3. Use Protective Work Practices Like washing hands after working with chemicals Personal Protective Equipment Eye Protection Goggles are the standard to protect against chemical splash to eyes. Everyone in the lab wears them. Required if handling corrosive liquids. Provide some protections against irritating vapors and gases. Must be impact-resistant if used for flying object protection. Some are vented or coated to prevent fogging. Take them off only when there are NO chemicals present or you leave. Personal Protective Equipment Eye Protection Continued Wear safety glasses for flying particles. Must meet specific standards for impact resistance. Side shields or wraparounds are required. Provides some splash protection. Will fly off face in violent reactions. Use a face shield over safety glasses if extra face protection is need. Personal Protective Equipment Skin Protection Gloves protect hands. Choose one that is appropriate for the chemical. Check the SDS. Some chemicals penetrate some glove materials. Do not use latex gloves for protection from chemicals. Laboratory coat/apron protect skin Closed toe shoes fully covering feet, no sandals Personal clothing covering skin adequately Laboratory Coats Wear to protect personal clothing and skin. Coats remain in laboratory after working with highly toxic or carcinogenic materials. Wear only coats with no chance of contamination to offices, lunch, washrooms. Clean coats often. Use a laundry service. Disinfect or sterilize coats contaminated with human blood or infectious agents before use. Do not launder coats with significant chemical contamination without prior treatment. Safety Equipment Personal Protective Equipment Safety Shower Eye Wash First Aid Kit Fire Extinguisher Chemical Fume Hood Chemical Fume Hood Fume Hood Purposes Contain air contaminants (aerosols and vapors). Act as a shield for violent reactions or spills. How to Work in a Fume Hood: Position your chemicals 6 inches behind the plane of the sash. Keep the sash lowered down as far as possible. Lab Practices Transport chemicals only in secondary containment. Unattended operations of equipment must be approved and identified. Refrigerate flammable liquids only in explosion-proof refrigerators. Use of carcinogens, reproductive toxins and highly toxic agents are only handled in areas specifically labeled and set aside for handling these materials. All personnel receive special training in the additional hazards. Protective Work Practices No eating, drinking, applying cosmetics, smoking or chewing gum. Avoid horseplay in the lab at anytime. ALWAYS wear eye protection when working with chemicals or glassware. NEVER mouth pipette. Protective Work Practices Do not work alone with hazardous materials or equipment creating physical hazards. If you work alone, obtain prior approval from your department, and call University Police to let them know where you are working. If you encounter any unsafe working condition or other safety hazard in the lab, notify the lab instructor or person in charge. Protective Work Practices cont. Wash hands frequently, before leaving and anytime after removing gloves. Use good housekeeping: Wash bench top before and after working. Put chemicals in proper storage. Remove lab coats and gloves before leaving lab. Hazardous Waste Waste Management Practices Federal and State regulations require proper identification, management and disposal of all waste material. Our facility routinely generates solid wastes and hazardous wastes, and must report to state and federal government agencies as to the type, amount, and status of these materials. Any improper handling of waste material could not only harm the environment, but could result in large fines from these government agencies. Designating Hazardous Waste What makes a waste dangerous or hazardous? Corrosive • Persistent Reactive • Ignitable Toxic Corrosive Waste • Water-based with pH ≤ 2 or ≥ 12.5 (aqueous) • Liquid that corrodes steel > 0.25 inch per year • Solid, mixed with water, has pH ≤ 2 or ≥ 12.5 (WA only) Reactive Waste • • • • • Prone to violent, spontaneous change Reacts violently with water Forms potentially explosive mixtures with water Gives off toxic gases when mixed with water Cyanide or sulfide bearing waste that gives off toxic gases • Explodes Flammable Waste • Liquid, flash point less than 60° C (140° F) • Ignitable solid • Ignitable compressed gas • Oxidizer Persistent Wastes Halogenated Organic Compounds Compounds with fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine attached directly to a carbon atom •Chloro •Bromo •Fluoro - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Chemicals that contain two or more fused benzene rings, generally have “–ene” at end of chemical name. Found in asphalt and creosote. •Anthacene •Fluorene Toxic Waste • Mostly metals, solvents, and pesticides. • Poisonous • Kills fish, rats or rabbits – (M)SDS may provide this data. • Some examples of acutely toxic waste are potassium cyanide and osmium tetroxide. Hazardous Waste Collection Form Hazardous Waste / Surplus Collection Form can be found: •EHS website http://www.wwu.edu/ehs/docu ments_webpages/forms.shtml •Call EHS office at x3064 Please fill out chemical mixture section with full chemical name, no abbreviations. Satellite Accumulation Area (SAA) A location where dangerous waste is accumulated in containers before being removed to an EHS storage area. Example: A lab or shop that collects waste before it is picked up by EHS staff and stored in a central location (90-day storage) until final disposal. Satellite Accumulation Areas (SAA) Federal and State regulations for SAA’s include: No more than 55 gallons of dangerous waste or 1 quart of acutely dangerous waste at each SAA. SAA must be under the control of the process operator where the waste is being generated; or the area must be secured at all times. Containers must be: completely labeled except for date, compatible with waste being stored, and closed properly to prevent leaks when not in use. When a container is full, Western has 3 days to transport to our 90 day storage facility. Call EHS at x3064. Hazardous Waste Labeling •All waste containers must say “Hazardous Waste” •All containers must have hazard identified. •Please make sure to write out entire chemical name, no abbreviations or formulas. •IF satellite accumulation, no date required. The date is added only when a bottle is full. Waste Batteries Batteries are considered universal waste, not hazardous waste. Contact EHS for disposal of university battery waste. Personal batteries can be disposed AS Bookstore or residence hall front desk. Labeling requirements: “Universal Waste Batteries” must be written on label. Accumulation start date (date first battery is placed in container). Disposal is required 365 days from the accumulation start date. Waste Fluorescent Lamps Like batteries, fluorescent lamps are considered universal waste. Contact EHS for disposal of university lamp waste. Personal lamps can be disposed at participating stations like Home Depot or Bellingham Public Library Labeling Requirements for University Waste: “Universal Waste Lamps” must be written on label Accumulation Start Date – (date the first lamp placed in box or drum) Box or drum must be closed when not actively placing lamps in container Disposal is required 365 days from the accumulation start date Summary Each of us is personally responsible to make sure all wastes are identified, stored and disposed of properly. Nothing goes down the drain without approval. All containers must have an appropriate label. Batteries and fluorescent lamps have specific handling procedures. If you have any questions or concerns, contact your supervisor or the EHS Department for assistance. Stormwater Management Past issues with the WA Department of Ecology necessitate implementation of a storm water management to prevent contamination of local drainage and water bodies. 65 Why do we care? “Water is the most critical resource issue of our lifetime & our children’s lifetime. The health of our waters is the principal measure of how we live on the land.” Luna Leopold Chief Hydrologist USGS 66 Sanitary vs. Storm Water Almost all major cities including Bellingham treat sanitary wastewater before discharging it. In contrast, most storm water is discharged without treatment. At Western, storm water on part of the south campus receives detention and bio-filtration treatment but the north campus flows directly to Bellingham Bay. 67 Surface Runoff Before and After Development Before development almost all rainfall is taken up by plants, evaporates or infiltrates through the ground. After conventional development, surface runoff increases significantly while evaporation and infiltration into the ground decrease. 68 Ground as a Filter Ground acts as a filter for sediments and many other potential contaminants, trapping them before they can reach our natural waters. This filtration protects aquatic organisms, fish and our drinking water. Tap water and sediments can be discharged onto lawns and other planted areas. 69 Impacts to Aquatic Environment • Decrease Food-Chain Organisms • Impair Feeding • Clog Gills • Reduce Photosynthesis • Diminished Spawning • Smothered Eggs and Fry Sediments Stress Fish! Chlorine in Potable Water Stresses Fish! 70 Western’s Pollutant Sources Runoff from parking lots – heavy metals, petroleum products and fine particles Potable water discharges Sediments from poor erosion control Sanitary sewer breaks Other illicit discharges Storm Drain 71 Pollutant Control Measures What can you do to at home to control pollutants entering our waterway? Scoop the Poop! – Pick up your dog waste, place it in the garbage and wash your hands. Use less hazardous cleaning solutions – Whenever possible use natural cleaning products. 72 Pollutant Control Measures Drip-free cars – Contain oil leaks that you know about until you can get your vehicle fixed. Clean cars – If you must wash your car at home, wash it on the grass, gravel or other permeable surface and use biodegradable soaps. 73 Stormwater Management All employees and students transporting chemicals must ensure that: • The containers are closed and secured (tied, strapped in, or other means) •In secondary containment (inside an extra container or vessel) so that leaks don’t enter local water systems. •A spill kit is present in vehicle 74 Stormwater Management • Every employee and student is required to prevent chemicals, particles, and even tap water from directly entering the city’s storm water system • Tap water and sediments can be discharged onto lawns and other planted areas 75 Stormwater Management In the event of a spill or incident where chemicals or hazardous materials could enter a storm water system: • Immediately notify EHS by calling 650-3064 or use FM Work Control Center at 650-3420 • Cover or block access to storm drains if it can be done safely 76 Stormwater Management Protecting the ecology of Whatcom County is part of EVERY WWU employee’s and student’s responsibility! 77 Chemical Security Awareness Training Conforms with 49 CFR 172.704 Security Awareness In September 2003, a US Department of Transportation law was enacted which REQUIRES: Shippers and transporters of hazardous materials to provide general security awareness training to all of their employees who work with hazardous materials. Western to develop a transportation security plan. In the wrong hands, hazardous materials pose a significant threat, particularly those that could be used as weapons of mass destruction. WWU Chemical Transportation Security Plan • Hazardous wastes are accessible by authorized personnel only. Background checks are provided for new employees. Training is provided by WWU for employees who handle chemicals. WWU Security Plans & Policies WWU Emergency Management Plan Addresses steps that are specific to the type of emergency WWU Department Safety Information Book Section 2 – Emergency Procedures developed by each department for response and program continuity WWU Emergency Response Guide General emergency response protocols for toxic releases and hazardous materials emergencies are available to all employees. Security Awareness If you offer, transport, or store hazardous materials: Review your security measures. Make necessary adjustments to improve the secure transport and storage of hazardous materials. Security Awareness Storage of potentially hazardous materials delivered to WWU: Do not leave packages unattended. Ensure packages are in a secure location. Shipper should be familiar with the carrier chosen to ship WWU packages. Trucks and drivers should be in uniform or carry ID. Security Awareness If you see something suspicious, such as: Unauthorized persons loitering in area Unauthorized persons asking questions about hazardous materials on site Contact: University Police at 650-3555, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week Questions & Comments Thanks very much for taking the time to review the information in this presentation. Contact Environmental Health & Safety at 650-3064 or e-mail at ehs@wwu.edu Visit us at Environmental Studies Room 72 Enter through the blue exterior door facing the Academic Instructional building with the disAbility push pad Please click on the following link to take a brief quiz. Once it has been submitted to EHS, we will document in the University’s training database that your training has been updated. Take the quiz