9 th Grade English
Level C

(n.) a proverb, wise saying
He gets tired of all the same old sayings, so he is always trying to come up with a new adage .

(n.) a rich mass of ore in a mine; something very valuable, profitable, or rewarding; a source of wealth or prosperity; a very large amount; profit or gain
The discovery of gold during westward expansion of the U.S. led to a bonanza for the railroad company.

(adj.) lacking politeness or good manners; lacking sensitivity; difficult to work with or deal with; rude
Everyone is grumpy sometime but Nick was down right churlish .

(n.) a fortress that overlooks and protects a city; any strong or commanding place
The Roman troops scaled the walls and invaded the citadel overlooking the city.

(v.) to work with, work together
Tony Bennett and
Lada Gaga collaborated on a new album,
Cheek to Cheek which comes out
September 23.

(n.) an order having the force of law; (v.) to issue such an order; to command firmly or forcefully
A decree went out from
Caesar Augustus that no woman could divorce her husband.

(adj.) disagreeable in sound, jarring; lacking in harmony, conflicting
The child gave a discordant shriek when the dog ran into the room and barked.

(v.) to develop gradually; to rise higher in level
Some believe that man has evolved from apes?

(n.) a passage taken from a book, article, etc.; (v.) to take such a passage; to quote
HAMLET:
To be, or not to be: that is the question:
Whether 'tis nobler in the mind to suffer
The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune,
Or to take arms against a sea of troubles,
And by opposing end them?
William Shakespeare, Hamlet
You need to cite the source of this excerpt from Hamlet.

(v.) to feel about hesitantly with the hands; to search blindly and uncertainly
The leader groped the wall in an effort to get out of the cave.

(v.) to float or hang suspended over; to move back and forth uncertainly over or around
The plane hovered over
Baltimore for over an hour before landing.

(v.) to make or force one’s way by pushing or elbowing; to bump, shove, brush against; to compete for
We had to jostle our way through the crowd at the
Raven’s game last Thursday night.

(n.) a person who moves slowly or falls behind; (adj.) falling behind; slow to move, act, or respond
We don’t want any laggards working with us on this project. It’s due in two weeks.

(n. pl.) applause; enthusiastic praise or approval
The U.S. ice skaters accepted the plaudits of their fans when they brought back the gold medal.

(v.) to make impossible, prevent, shut out
The 16 year old gymnast suffered a broken ankle which will preclude her from being on the
Olympic Team in
2016.

(v.) to return, go back
Sometimes in times of stress we revert to unhealthy tendencies such as overeating.

(n.) broken stones or bricks; ruins
After the war the city was nothing but rubble.

(adj.) of or relating to a slave; behaving like or suitable for a slave or a servant, menial; lacking spirit or independence, abjectly submissive
The servile behavior of the dictator’s aide was understandable.

(n.) a watch, especially at night; any period of watchful attention
Students, parents, and friends participated in a vigil for the lost teen.

(v.) to quarrel or argue in a noisy, angry way; to obtain by argument; to herd; (n.) a noisy quarrel
Why do you always go to the farmer’s market where you have to wrangle over prices with the merchants?