Ben Kraft
• PhD Student in City and
Regional Planning
• Georgia Institute of
Technology
STIP Internship Readout
8/21/14
High School-Level Manufacturing
Education
Shared Experiences and Future Directions for Georgia
Photo: Hawthorne School of Manufacturing and Engineering
Context and Contribution of
Research
 The retirement of an older manufacturing workforce is
expected to deepen the skills gap.
 Emphasis on training has been at the post-secondary
level.
 Starting earlier can benefit students and the workforce.
What can we learn from high school programs in other
states to enhance Georgia’s skill base?
Career and Technical Education
(CTE)
 Is the contemporary equivalent of “vocational
education”
 Stresses




The development of career-oriented AND academic skills
Career exploration
Equal viability of various post-high school options
Contextual, project-based, and work-based learning
 In a controlled quasi-experimental study, graduates of
career academies demonstrated $2,000/year in
additional earnings over their counterparts.*
*Kemple, James J. 2008, “Career Academies: Long-Term Impacts on Labor Market
Outcomes, Educational Attainment, and Transitions to Adulthood.”
CTE in Georgia
 Nationwide, 4.2% of CTE students concentrate in
manufacturing.
 In Georgia, only 1.3% do.
Source: Perkins Collaborative Resource Network, US
Department of Education, 2010-2011 school year
CTE Delivery
Format
Description
Considerations
Traditional
model*
Comprehensive High
School or
Technical/Vocational
High School
Can emphasize or deemphasize academics.
Vocational schools may have
stigma.
Integrated
model*
Career Academy or
Area Career Center
Similar to a college “major”;
Creates small learning
communities, can be resource
intensive or efficient,
depending on model
Apprenticeship
Paid, “on-the-job”
training combined with
academics at home
high school
Less flexible, requires
significant industry
involvement
*These categories are based on four models defined by the Association of Career and Technical Education, but
have been consolidated for the purposes of this presentation.
Characteristics of Selected
Manufacturing CTE Programs
School
Location
Geography
Delivery Model
Programs Offered
Recognition
Francis Tuttle
Technology
Center
Oklahoma
City, OK
Suburban
Integrated - Area
Career Center
Advanced
Manufacturing,
Precision Machining
Partnership Response
in Mfg Education
(PRIME),
Manufacturing
Institute’s M-List
Hawthorne High
School – School
of
Manufacturing
and Engineering
Hawthorne,
CA (LA
area)
Urban
Integrated Career Academy
General
Manufacturing and
Engineering
PRIME
Austin
Polytechnical
Academy
Chicago, IL
Urban
Traditional Technical/Vocatio
nal High School
General
Manufacturing
Numerous news and
trade publications
Eleva-Strum
High School –
Cardinal
Manufacturing
Strum, WI
Rural
Traditional Comprehensive
High School
Woodworking,
CAD/CAM,
Metalworking,
Cardinal
Manufacturing
Association for Career
and Technical
Education (ACTE),
Modern Machine
Shop
Aiken Career
and Technology
Center – MTU
Apprenticeship
Aiken/Gran
iteville, SC
Rural,
Suburban,
Small City
Apprenticeship
Industrial Mechanic
Basic
ACTE, New York Times,
White House
Sources: Interviews with representatives from schools, schools’ websites, association websites, and listed publications.
Francis Tuttle Technology Center
 One of three campuses
 Unique statewide funding
system – self-assessed property
tax
 Classes include high school and
adult learners
Location:
OKLAHOMA CITY,
OK
Delivery Model:
INTEGRATED – AREA
CAREER CENTER
 Invites employers to campus for
interviews
 Average starting salary for
advanced manufacturing
students: $20/hr
Data source: Interview with
Campus Director, Portland
Campus, Francis Tuttle
Technology Center
Hawthorne High School – School of
Manufacturing and Engineering
 Make location an asset
 Small classes – 80 per grade level
 Extensive outreach efforts include
 Visiting elementary and middle
schools (with alums and
employers)
 Taking parents on field trips
 Highlighting successful First
Robotics team
 98.9% graduation rate
Location:
HAWTHORNE, CA
(SOUTH LOS
ANGELES AREA)
Delivery Model:
INTEGRATED –
CAREER ACADEMY
Data source: Interview with
Coordinator of Hawthorne
School of Manufacturing
and Engineering and
school website
Austin Polytechnical Academy
 Thoroughly planned and
researched
 Intended to fill workforce and
community needs
 Joint effort between Manufacturing
Renaissance and Chicago Public
Schools
Location:
CHICAGO, IL
Delivery Model:
TRADITIONAL –
VOCATIONAL
SCHOOL
 Outcomes
 158 students have earned 237
National Institute of for Metalworking
skills certifications
 28 full time job placements since
2011
 174 paid internships
Data source: Interview with
Program Director of
Manufacturing
Renaissance and school
website
Cardinal Manufacturing at ElevaStrum High School
 Commercial manufacturing
business for small, custom jobs
Location: STRUM,
WI
 Students learn business and
other soft-skills.
Delivery Model:
TRADITIONAL –
COMPREHENSIVE
HIGH SCHOOL
 Profits go to program
upgrades and to students.
 Cardinal Manufacturing has
respect and status.
Data source: Interview with
Technology Education
Teacher at Eleva-Strum and
school website
Aiken County Career and
Technology Center – Apprenticeship
Program
 Partnered with MTU, a Germanyheadquartered diesel engine
manufacturer
Location: AIKEN,
SC
 Average age of apprentice in US is
30.
Delivery Model:
APPRENTICESHIP
 Apprenticeship requires 1000 hours
of paid, supervised work, mostly
during summer
 3 of original 6 students set to
graduate in 2014.
 16 to 18 year-olds can work in
manufacturing facilities.
Data source: Interview with
CTE Director and Principal
of Aiken County Career
and Technology Center
Shared Experiences and Future
Directions
1.
Create small learning
communities.
2.
Seek non-traditional funding
sources.
3.
Partner with industry and
industrial advocacy groups.
4.
Recognize that high school
students are not too young to
receive on-the-job training in
the form of internships or
apprenticeships.
5.
Reach out to younger students
and parents.
Student employees at Cardinal Manufacturing