AP Government
Unit 3
Test Review
Structure of the Constitution & Federalism
For each idem create a flash card with the question on the front and the answer on the back.
Only Flash cards will be accepted for a
grade. To find this information look in Chapter 2 & 3, your notes & your notebook.
Be prepared to define and elaborate on the significance
of the following:
Chapter 2b
Principles of the constitution
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federalism
checks and balances
separation of powers
popular sovereignty
representation
rule of law
due process of law
civilian control of government
 The purposes of the constitution (Preamble)
The structure of the articles of the Constitution
o Article I
o Article II
o Article III
o Article IV
o Article V
o Article VI
o Article VII
 supremacy clause
 examples of grants of power
 examples of denials of power
 primary function of:
o legislative*
o executive*
o judicial*
 examples of shared legislative powers
 examples of shared executive powers
 examples of shared judicial powers

amending the Constitution
The purpose of these amendments to the Constitution:
o the Bill of Rights
o the Civil War Amendments
o the Progressive Era Amendments
 The importance of Marbury v. Madison (1803)
Electoral College:
o what it is
o how it works
o winner-take-all system* (also known as the
“unit rule”)
Chapter 3
 Federalist No. 10
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Constitutional powers and limits
 enumerated powers (expressed powers)
 implied powers
o “necessary and proper” clause (elastic
clause)
 concurrent powers*
 reserved powers
 restricted powers
o Bills of Attainder*
o habeas corpus*
 Exceptions and issues
o ex post facto*
Changing views of federalism:
 The Nationalist view
o McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)
o Gibbons v. Ogden (1824)
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interstate commerce vs. intrastate
commerce
Dual federalism (“layer cake” federalism*)
o State’s rights
 nullification*
 Scott v. Sanford (Dred Scott
decision) (1857)
o 14th Amendment and state discretion
 Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)
o Laissez-faire capitalism
 Lochner v. New York (1905)
 Hammer v. Dagenhart (1918)
Fiscal federalism (“carrot and stick” federalism)
o grants-in-aid
 categorical grants
 block grants
o unfunded mandates
o Cooperative Federalism (“marble cake”
federalism*)
 The New Deal and its impact on
federalism,
 Schecter v. United States
 New Federalism* (“competitive
federalism”)
 devolution
Test Format:

Format of the test:
o
40-50 multiple choice questions,
o
2 free response questions (FRQs)
o
These will be given as separate test.
o
Recommended total test prep time: (not including regular
chapter study)
4-6 hours
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AP Government
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