1. Get out your science binder.
2. Backpacks in the back of the
room.
3. Get out a piece of notebook
paper.
4. Get out a pencil.
5. Sit quietly in the front of the
room.
Demonstrations
Directions
• As we go through each demonstration,
your job is to observe quietly.
• You will need to take notes after each
demonstration – words & pictures.
• These notes will be handed in for a
grade.
• Title a piece of notebook paper
Air & Water Demos
Air & Water
• Air and water share many of the same
characteristics
• Air and water “act” in the same way –
especially when hot or cold.
• Air contains moisture (water)
• Understanding the properties of air and
water is important to understanding
weather.
#1:The Water Cycle
• evaporation (Steam rising),
• condensation (water collecting on
bottom of pan),
• precipitation (drops of water falling
from pan).
Draw a picture of the lab
Investigating Air
• Air is all around us but is difficult to
investigate because you cannot see,
taste, or touch it.
#2: Heavy Air?
Which has more weight – a
balloon filled with air or an
empty balloon?
Directions
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Weigh an empty balloon on a scale
Record the weight
Fill the balloon with air
Weigh the balloon again
Find the difference between the
weight with air and without air.
Directions
1. Fill 2 balloons with air.
2. Tie a string to each end of the balloon
and attach to a meter stick.
3. Balance the scale.
4. Put a hole in 1 balloon and let the air
out of the balloon.
5. Observe what happens to the meter
stick.
What did we learn?
#2: Air has weight; the balloon
with air weighs more than without
air
Draw a picture of one of the labs.
Air has weight
• Even though air seems light, it has weight
• The air inside a bus weighs as much as one of
the passengers
• Even though we cannot feel it, there is about
14 pounds of air pressing down on every
square inch of our skin
• Air pressure is a powerful force that is
caused by a layer of air called the atmosphere
which surrounds the earth.
• Air pressure is measured with an instrument
called a barometer.
#3: Hot Air
1. Attach 2 paper bags upside down at
the end of each scale.
2. Using a lighter, heat the air under one
bag.
3. Observe.
4. Take the lighter away from under the
bag
5. Observe
Heating & Cooling Molecules
• All materials are made of tiny particles called
molecules.
• Molecules are always moving.
• This movement creates heat.
• The amount of heat depends on how fast the
molecules move.
• As the molecules move faster, they take up more
space and make the object expand.
• High temperature = Faster molecules
• Low temperature = slower molecules
• Animation
• Really crazy animation  (molecules in motion)
What did we learn?
#3: Hot air rises & is lighter than
cooler air. The molecules spread
out & weigh less so the bag rises.
Draw a picture of the lab.
#4: A Balloon Full of…?
1. Tie a balloon over an empty bottle
2. Place the bottle in hot water
3. Observe what happens to the shape of the
balloon
What did we learn?
#4: Hot air expands; the balloon
inflated when the air in the bottle
heated up.
Draw a picture of the lab
#5: Can you Handle the Air
Pressure?
What happens to the air inside a
container when heated or cooled?
Eggtastic!
1. Put the empty bottle on a table.
2. Peel the boiled egg.
3. Light a match and drop it into the
bottle. Repeat about three or four
times.
4. Quickly put the egg over the mouth of
the bottle.
What happened?
• The lit match heats the air inside the bottle.
• When air is heated it expands and takes up more
room.
• As the heated air expands, some of it escapes out of
the bottle.
• When the matches go out, the air inside the bottle
cools and contracts, which takes up less room.
• This creates a lower pressure inside the bottle than
outside the bottle.
• The greater pressure outside the bottle forces the
egg to get sucked into the bottle.
When you add the match the air
heats up and expands
When the match goes out the air
shrinks reducing the pressure inside
the bottle
Crush that Can!
1. Place an empty metal can on a heat
source
2. Cover the can and remove from heat.
3. Observe
What did we learn?
#5:Hot air expands & takes up more
space than cold air - metal can
collapses; cold air condenses &
takes up less space- egg sucked into
bottle (partial vacuum)
Draw a picture of the lab
#6: Swirls of Water
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Heat up a cup of water until it is hot
Color the hot water red with food coloring.
Cool off water with ice.
Color the ice water blue with food coloring.
Have a bowl or bin of room temperature
water.
6. Add the hot water one at one end of the
bowl and the cold water at the other end of
the bowl.
7. Observe the water.
Density
• Hot
–
–
–
–
Less molecules
Lower density
Lighter
Rises
• Cool
–
–
–
–
More molecules
Higher density
Heavier
Sinks
Currents
What did we learn?
#6: Hot water rises & moves to the top; cold
water sinks & moves to the bottom. (currents)
Draw a picture of the lab.
“Air”-y Facts
1. Cold air sinks because it is denser than warm
air.
2. Warm air is less dense than cold air.
3. Warm air can hold more moisture than cold
air.
4. When air cools, it loses some of its moisture.
5. Warm air rises, losing moisture as it cools.
6. Cold air sinks and pushes up warm air.
Air & Water Demonstrations
1. Water Cycle: evaporation (Steam rising), condensation
(water collecting on bottom of pan), precipitation
(drops of water falling from pan).
2. Heavy Air : ball or balloon filled with air weighs more.
3. Hot Air : Warmer air is lighter (less molecules;
molecules spread out) than cooler air; bag rises.
4. Balloon Full of… : hot air expands and takes up more
space; balloon inflated when air in bottle heated up.
5. Eggtastic!: Cold air condenses,, & takes up less space
than hot air; egg in bottle. (partial vacuum)
5. Crush that Can! :Hot air expands & takes up more
space than cold air; metal can collapses.
6. Swirls of Water : Hot water rises and moves to the
top; cold water sinks and moves to the bottom.
(Currents)
Really crazy animation  (molecules in
motion)