Study Guide #8
• 3) Define the difference between the
Contact and Compact theory
– Contract Theory- states signed into a
contract, if contract is changed, states can
secede
• Why might southern states feel they can leave the
Union? (What is about to change from the
contract?)
– Compact Theory- the nation is one whole and
no one can leave
• 4) What was it about slavery that Northerners most
opposed to?
– Expansion of slavery (into the west)
• Whites did not want competition of labor with
blacks
– Why might people want to hire blacks over
whites? IS there another group whites
disapprove of for the same reason?
• 5) Missouri Compromise
– No slavery in La. Territory above 36’30
(designed to keep slavery in the south)
• 6) Compromise of 1850
– Issue- whether to allow slavery into areas
acquired from Mexico
• CA enters union as a free states
• Fugitive Slave Law- forces northerners to return
runaway slaves
– How does this compromise upset the South and North?
» S- N gets more power in Senate
» N- forced to go against beliefs if anti-slavery
• 7) Kansas-Nebraska Act
– Repeals the Missouri Compromise
• Why does this upset Northerners so much?
– Expansion of slavery into an areas it never existed
• 8) Bleeding Kansas
– Mini- Civil War between anti-slavery forces
(free-soilers) and pro-slavery forces in Kansas
over issue of slavery
• Popular Sovereignty- people of Kansas voted to
allow slavery
– Problem- Pro-Slavery forces cheated by having voters
come from Missouri (Slave State)
» Bleeding Kansas erupts from this disputer election
• 10) Lincoln-Douglass Debates
– Lincoln, Republican- against slavery, runs for
Senate seat from Ill., loses but shows himself to be
Presidential material
• 11) Harper’s Ferry
– Failed slavery revolt lead by white person, John
Brown
• S. blames Republican Party for leading raid and states it
will secede if a Republican/Lincoln wins the Presidency
• Election of 1860
– Lincoln wins Pres. by only winning N. states
• South feels it has lost all political power and secedes
• 13) Fort Sumter
– 1st shots of Civil War (Upper South Secedes)
• 14) Antietam
– Bloodiest day of war, Union wins, Lincoln issues Emancipation
Proclamation (states all slaves in areas of rebellion are free)
• How many slaves are free? How does the EP change the nature of
the war?
• 15) Gettysburg
– Biggest battle of war, South loses 30k troops and will never be
as strong again
• 16) Vicksburg
– Splits the South in Half (Union takes control of Miss. River)
• Both battles mean south is on the way to losing the war
• 17) Appomattox Courthouse
– Gen. Lee (s) surrenders to General Grant (N), Grants allow S. to
go home and begin planting (no harsh surrender terms)
• 18) Two Key transformations because of CW
– Compact Theory- the US is one nation forever, not a
collection of states (more power for Federal
Government)
– Industrialization- North transforms w. factories and will
become the richest nation and largest manufacturing
nation in world by 1900
• 20) What was extraordinary about the election of 1864?
– First election held during a Civil War (election did not
have to happen
• Lincoln wanted election to be a referendum on
slavery (Lincoln winning meant Americans wanted to
end slavery)