Amgylada-emotion
hippocampus-memory
param-upper and lower system
Reflex arc: sensesory
-via afferent pathway to spinal
-to inter-neuron
-travels down efferent tractr to the spinal cord
-activitates the effector(muscle or gland)
By pass major neuro pathway (coughing…blinking)
Blood supply to the Brain.
Circle of Willis:
oxtgenated blood through aorta
-via subclavian ateries
-divide into 2 common carotid
-divide again in 2 internal and external carotoid
Internal Cartid goes to
Subclavian Arteries; form the vertebral arteries
-basilar artery are feeder artery
if any blocked arteries, there are feeder artery to re
Heptagonal above the CofW
3 pairs of cerebal arteries
-anterior cerebral supplies blood upper and anterior regions of the frontal lobe and corpus
collosum
-middle cerebral arteries provide blood to the lateral surface of the cerebral hemisphes (basal
ganglia …)
-posterior cerebral provides blood to the occupational lobe and inferior portion of the temporal
lobe
Anterior communicating artery and Posterior CA complete the circle of willis.
if block, CVA happens
Occlusion causes brain damage
Watershedding is an overlapping of anterior and posterior artery.
Medical terms:
aphasia:communication disorders…stating your wants and needs and understanding language
-3R’s effected…use of symbols
-affect mult-modalities. gesturing
cerebrovascular accident/stroke: temporary or permanent caused by disturbance of brain function related
to vascular disruptionblock blood flow…3rd killer….500,000 a year…2 million survivors…in
generally, the elderly 65 years old
ischemia-tissue damage to decrease blood flow..80% of CVA are ischemia
-caused by 2 factor: thrombosis (gradual occulsaion of the artery) and embolism (sudden
blockage of the artery…lipids, fats, plaque)
-thrombosis occurs in larger artery and in divided arteries.
hemorrhage-bleeding actively 20% of CVA are hemorrhage
-causes aneurysm (weak artery wall)-high blood pressure is a ballooning of the artery and then
pops…pressure can build up…
-cause arterovenouse malformation-thin walled arteries and veins that are tangled together
tendencies to burst…AVM
Hemorrhage is the worst headach of life.
Hypoxia-lack of oxygen…
anoxia-no oxygen
edema-swelling-usually ventricle have the most
hematoma-pooling of blood
infarct-interruptions of blood supply causing necrosis (death) of tissue
transient ischemic attack (tia)-mini-temporary CVA-less than 24 hours
-communication problems..speech problem…sensory disturbances…confusion
-precursor to a CVA: loss of language…recovery…loss of language
Hypoperfusion-decreased blood supply to the brain and brain stem caused by massive bleeding elsewhere
in the body.
Diaschisis-disruption of brain function away from sit eo f injury because of the neuro connection (e.g.
articulate fasciculus…impaired…dysfunction will affect the
Possible causes of Aphasia
1. tumor-mimics aphasia (25-50) when the tumor is removed will permanent
2. hydrocephalus-edema of the ventricle…pressure causes hypo-response and lethargic
-if pressure is relieved, then communication goes back to normally3. infection: antiboditics-same as poisoning4. toxic-poisioning-cognitive deficits plus communication problemslethargic and hyporesponsive-removing the lead.
Management of Stroke
-controlling the stroke
-high blood pressure=hypertension-treatable
-
aspirin is blood-thinner
transient ischemic attack (tia)-mini-temporary CVA-less than 24 hours
-hemmorrhage: possible when
2. cardi arrhythmia-irregular hard beat
-causes CVA
3. TIA-sooner for treatment for TIA, to prevent CVA
4. smoker: hardens arteries.
5. diabetes:
6. high cholersatal (hyper-lipidemia)- dr. monitor it.
7. obesity: do not much how
Untreatable for stroke:
1. age
2. gender: male higher than females for CVA exception for after menopause
3. family history4. ethnicity-african American and Hispanics have high rate of CVA
5. prior heart attack-heart surgery loosen plaque
6. prior CVADemographic History:
1. age about 40s slow down-neuroplasicity-ability to form new connects, they have to form
connections are slower.
2. status-post injury-time post injury-how long since the injury-literature from 3-6-1yrs
-physician will give 3 months, slp will give 1 yr. after a year, recovery slows down.
3. education-more education, more pathway to language
4. family role-with CVA, your family will change…
Range of motion:
Spasticitiy: hypertonia-muscle are tense and resist strectching
Rigidity-relaxed limbs resist movement in any direction
-child with CP can be both spasticity and rigidity
hypotonia-flaccidity-descreased tone
-child with flaccid CP will slide in chair
Hemi
Plegia (paralysis)
Contr-opposite
Ipso-same
paresis-weakness
-hemi-half-contralateral half
-para-below the belly button
-quad-4th
Dyskinesia-involuntary movement
-motor shaking
Tremor-oral mech-predicatable in the tongue…parkinson disease..apill tremor
Fasciculation-irregular tremors but they are rapid.
Testdefine and describe neuro-terms
areas of important.
short essay answers
fill-in the blanks (majority of neuro-terms)
draw neuro
Mary need to email February 15, Battelle. about video and quiz…
Dear Professor,
Today, meeting was about updating our progress. A concern was will you have a quiz for Battelle and a
reminder that February 15th will be the final deadline for the Battelle Module.
PALS-not in pdf…working towards Narrator.
developing proficieny: 10 hrs…
fieldwork proficiency: 5hrs….
6 measures…
hold do build in debriefing for lead DC….
quality control is less
cohort 3: what does it means. …2 full-version battery with feedback….
Cohort 3: comparing results from cohort from Lead and what happens to cohort 2 and cohort 3.
-debriefing must be built into cohort…Troubleshooting…mentoring.
-leading training…training making the call vs.
Critical group looking at their development of professional training…Troubleshooting…feedback…
Must break down the